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21.
Learning a sequence of target locations when the sequence is uncorrelated with a sequence of responses and target location is not the response dimension (pure perceptual-based sequence learning) was examined. Using probabilistic sequences of target locations, the author shows that such learning can be implicit, is unaffected by distance between target locations, and is mostly limited to first-order transition probabilities. Moreover, the mechanism underlying learning affords processing of information at anticipated target locations and appears to be attention based. Implications for hypotheses of implicit sequence learning are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
22.
23.
BE Gilbert C Knight FG Alvarez C Waldrep JR Rodarte V Knight WL Eschenbacher 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,156(6):1789-1793
Cyclosporine A (CsA) in liposomes of dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC), containing 118 micrograms of CsA/L of aerosol with a particle size of 1.6 to 1.7 micron diameter, was inhaled by 10 nonsmoking, normal volunteers each for 45 min. Aerosol was administered through an Aerotech II nebulizer (CIS-US, Inc., Bedford, MA) mouthpiece. Eight of the 10 volunteers had tracheal irritation and intermittent coughing following exposure. FEV1 and FVC values were mildly reduced, but returned to normal in 1 h. Blood chemical and hematologic values were unchanged at any time point after as opposed to before inhalation. Nine of the 10 volunteers later inhaled DLPC only, administered through the nebulizer mouthpiece. There was no change in FEV1 or FVC values, and there was no coughing or tracheal irritation. Subsequently, five of the volunteers who had previously had respiratory reactions inhaled CsA-DLPC liposome aerosol for 45-min, but through a mouth-only face mask. There was no tracheal irritation, coughing, or changes in spirometric measures. Blood concentrations of CsA at 15 min after the 45-min inhalation with a face mask averaged 83 +/- 42 ng/ml (mean +/- SD). At 24 h after treatment, CsA was undetectable in blood of the initial 10 volunteers. These studies indicate that CsA-DLPC liposome aerosol can be safely explored as a treatment for patients with moderately severe asthma. 相似文献
24.
JC Allan M Velasquez-Tohom C Fletes R Torres-Alvarez G Lopez-Virula P Yurrita H Soto de Alfaro A Rivera J Garcia-Noval 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,91(5):595-598
Mass treatment of the human population with niclosamide was carried out in 2 villages in rural Guatemala where Taenia solium was endemic, to determine how this would affect the epidemiology of the parasite. Intestinal taeniasis was diagnosed by microscopy and coproantigen testing, and porcine cysticercosis by a specific Western blot. Before mass treatment, the prevalence of human taeniasis was 3.5%; 10 months after treatment it was 1%, a significant decrease (P < 10(-4)). All tapeworms that could be identified to the species level were T. solium. Similarly, the seroprevalence of antibodies to cysticercosis in pigs declined from 55% before treatment to 7% 10 months after treatment, once again a significant decrease (P < 10(-6)). These effects were seen in both villages. The possible use of mass chemotherapy as a tool in the control of T. solium is discussed. 相似文献
25.
Frédéric Debode Eric Janssen Gilbert Berben 《European Food Research and Technology》2007,226(1-2):273-280
In this paper, four different physical treatments (microwaves, heating by conduction, sonication and pressure autoclaving)
were performed to degrade a pure DNA extract, and their influence on GMO quantification was studied. The aim was to check
the hypothesis that processing of agrofood products results in a similar degradation rate for both the transgenic target and
the specific target. Indeed we could observe that even if the used physical treatments could lead to a significant increase
of C
t values for both transgenic and specific targets, the resulting ΔC
t remained stable. So, the main conclusion of the study is that the aforementioned hypothesis seems valid and thus a physical
degradation of DNA will not affect the relative quantitation of the GMO content, provided that both the specific and transgenic
targets have very similar size. A second important issue of the experiments performed was that DNA is a very robust molecule
as it is extremely difficult to reach a mean size below 100 bp. The study also gives evidence of the importance of using small
targets. 相似文献
26.
27.
Memorializes E. E. Jones, whose early development of attribution theory, the actor–observer effect, and the correspondence bias as well as later work on self-handicapping, social stigma, and strategic self-presentation are central to modern social psychology. He built graduate programs at Duke and Princeton, trained many influential social psychologists, and received virtually every award in his field. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
28.
CD Gilbert 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,3(5):373-386
A fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of cortical processing requires an examination of the relationships of cortical circuitry, functional architecture, and receptive field properties. Ultimately, this kind of analysis can be utilized to explore the neurobiological basis of psychophysics and perception. At the onset our studies were intended to account for the then known receptive field properties of cortical cells in terms of their underlying circuitry, but surprisingly a good part of the cortical circuit appeared to be in violation of the principles of cortical architecture, and this led us to explore the possibility of new, more complex properties of cortical cells. It has become increasingly possible to relate the responsive specificity of cortical cells, and the circuitry underlying this specificity, to the perceptual capabilities of the visual system by performing analogous experiments on single cells and in human psychophysics. 相似文献
29.
RW Sidwell DF Smee RP Warren JH Huffman BJ Gilbert RA Burger FC Pearson 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,20(4):279-292
ImuVert, a sterile preparation composed primarily of Serratia marcescens membrane vesicles and ribosomes, was significantly inhibitory to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections in BALB/c mice. Antiviral activity was manifested as increased survivor number and decreased recoverable virus titers in spleens, lungs and salivary glands. Treatments were intraperitoneal (i.p.) beginning 24 h pre, 4 h post- or 24 h post-virus inoculation and then repeated 4 days later. Doses of 5, 16 or 50 micrograms/mouse were effective; 160 micrograms/mouse, which caused host weight loss in toxicity controls, was not inhibitory to the infection. A single i.p. treatment of mice substantially augmented natural killer (NK) cell activity and increased total B-cells, while reducing total T- and T-helper cells. A late (48 h) decline in T-cell function and transient increases in B-cell function were observed in the treated animals. Serum interferon was not induced. Mice pretreated with anti-asialo GM1 antibody to reduce their NK cell populations, then infected with MCMV and treated with ImuVert were protected to the same degree as normal animals. Severe combined immunodeficient mice infected with MCMV and treated with ImuVert were not protected from the infection. These data suggest ImuVert to act by a mechanism other than NK cell activation in preventing MCMV infections. 相似文献
30.