Coarsening Investigations of Precipitates in PM Tool Steel Grades: an Effect of Nitrogen

We present experimental and theoretical comparisons of the coarsening rate for the MX (X?=?C, N or C?+?N) precipitate in five different tool steel grades produced by Powder Metallurgy (PM). The alloys contain different amounts of nitrogen and carbon; ranging from high carbon/low nitrogen to high nitrogen/low carbon. Common for the grades is a high amount of precipitate forming alloying elements resulting in a high fraction of hard phase. Experimentally we have found out that the nitrogen rich precipitates coarsen slower, both for higher and lower carbon content, than the carbon rich precipitates. Coarsening simulations are performed utilizing the DICTRA software and an agreement between calculations and measurements can be concluded.     

Review of Words were originally magic.

Reviews the book, Words were originally magic by Steve de Shazer (see record 1994-97917-000). This book is written from both a philosophical and clinical perspective. It deals with the importance of language in psychotherapy. The author sets the foundation relative to language structure, meaning, and therapeutic change modalities in preparation for the discussion of brief problem focused psychotherapy. Case examples from actual therapy sessions are then presented in illustration of therapy process and outcome. The reviewer believes that this book has significant relevancy for current practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Contribution of listeners' approaching motion to auditory distance perception.

Of the several sources of acoustic information for distance perception, those arising from motion of the listener or sound source have received little attention. This motion-related information (recently called acoustic tau) is described, and experiments evaluating its utilization are presented. Accuracy and consistency at walking to the locations of briefly presented sounds were better when people listened while walking than while standing still. Manipulations of the sound to simulate shorter or longer target distances produced appropriate undershooting but not overshooting. The results indicate that people use motion-related acoustic information about distance to guide their locomotor actions, although they do not take full advantage of this information. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Homozygous deletions at chromosome 9p21 and mutation analysis of p16 and p15 in microdissected primary non-small cell lung cancers

Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 9p has been detected in many primary human tumors and cell lines, suggesting that this chromosomal arm harbors one or more tumor suppressor genes. The recently cloned p16 and p15 genes, mapped to 9p21, are likely candidates for such tumor suppressors. To map the deletion at chromosome 9p21 in non-small cell lung tumors, we analyzed DNA from 25 tumors and matching normal DNAs at six microsatellite markers that flank the region occupied by the p16 and p15 genes. Loss of heterozygosity of at least one microsatellite marker on chromosome 9p21 was detected in 13 (52%) of 25 tumors, including one tumor that exhibited homozygous deletion of both human IFNalpha and D9S171. Six tumors analyzed by a comparative multiplex PCR technique showed homozygous deletions of the sequence tag site marker c5.1 (within p16). Screening for mutations in p16 and p15 revealed one tumor with a non-sense mutation in exon 2 of p16, but no mutations were detected in p15 in any of the tumors. Thus, in these analyses approximately one-half of the non-small cell lung tumors had loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 9p21, and of these tumors, one-half had homozygous deletions of the region that includes p16. This appears to confirm the importance of a locus in this region critical to growth control in lung. The apparent lack of other mutations in p16 and p15 in the tumors with loss of heterozygosity leaves open the possibility of an unidentified gene in this region that may function as a tumor suppressor.     

View specificity, array specificity, and egocentrism in young children's drawings.

Examined the concept of egocentrism in an experiment in which 80 children (aged 6 yrs 1 mo to 7 yrs 2 mo) were asked to draw 2 pictures of an array of 2 objects, one characterizing their own view and the other characterizing the view of another child seated in a different position. Ss were able to represent their partner's view when the latter presented few problems in graphic complexity or mental rotation. Ss who were asked to draw their own view after drawing their partner's produced more view specific drawings than Ss asked to draw their own view first. It is concluded that the production of array-specific representations of spatial relations in young children's drawings should not be seen as a manifestation of egocentrism. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Introduction to the special issue on personality and psychopathology.

The goal of this Special Issue is to enhance this reintegration of normal-range personality and abnormal psychology, 30 years after they were split apart. The articles in the Issue examine the topic from a variety of approaches, but each of them addresses the central problem of how normal-range individual differences are related to abnormal behavior. Seven of these articles examine personality in relation to specific types of psychopathology: personality disorders, alcoholism and antisocial personality, mood and anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, and schizophrenia. It is impossible to summarize the wealth of findings that are contained in these articles; each deserves to be examined carefully. However, we can note some general conclusions here. First, it is abundantly clear that personality traits and psychopathological disorders are, in fact, empirically related. Second, although the observed relations tend to be orderly and psychologically meaningful, they also are relatively nonspecific. That is, one does not see a one-to-one correspondence between a given trait and a specific disorder; rather, each of the extensively studied traits is associated with several diagnostic categories. Third, due to a paucity of relevant data, the nature of these observed relations is still largely unclear. Several different explanatory models have been proposed, and each has received at least suggestive support in the literature. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A New Distributed Dynamic Channel Assignment Strategy in a Cellular Mobile Communication Network

A distributed dynamic channel assignment (DDCA)plays an important role in a microcellular mobilecommunication network. This paper proposes a new DDCAscheme based on channel priority (PDCA). This new strategy uses the cochannel interference andchannel reuse frequency to define the channel priority.The strategy improves performance of the forced calltermination rate and interference rate applied to multimedia traffic. Simulation results showthat the proposed PDCA strategy significantly improvesthe forced call termination rate and interference ratewhile keeping the blocking rate at an acceptable level.     

准噶尔盆地侏罗系烃源岩及油气形成特征

通过对沉积相时空展布特征、烃源岩及油气形成地球化学特征的研究，将准噶尔盆地侏罗系烃源岩划分为沼泽相和湖泊相两大类型。沼泽相烃源岩生烃组分主要为来源于高等植物的基质镜质体和壳质组，形成的油藏有齐古油田的Ｊ１ｂ油藏；湖相烃源岩生烃组分主要为藻类体、藻无定形体、菌解无定形体、壳质组和镜质组等，主要分布在腹部漠区凹陷和阜康凹陷，为半深湖相－浅湖相沉积，有机质以Ⅱ型为主，部分偏Ⅰ型或Ⅱ型，形成了彩南油田和某些井的油气。沼泽相烃源岩生烃期Ｒｏ值为０．５％～０．９％；湖相烃源岩演化程度也普遍较低，Ｒｏ值多数在０．５％～０．８％范围。湖相烃源岩生物标志化合物的组成特征，明显反映了其生源构成比例和热演化程度的差异。差异成熟使轻组分早熟早排，分期排烃，明显出现低成熟和成熟两个油气生成带，前者生烃期Ｒｏ值大约为０．４％～０．７％，后者生烃期为０．８％～１．２％。准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系，尤其是中、下侏罗统，并非均是煤系地层，因此在勘探战略上应当引起足够的重视。     

Inheritance hierarchy design in object-oriented databases

Object-oriented database schema design is still mostly an art. One of the difficulties encountered during design is typing conflicts induced by multiple inheritance. In this paper, we propose a method for treating such a kind of conflicts. Our approach to inheritance conflict solving consists of several ingredients. First, we rely on branding, to introduce ‘type equivalence by name', thus allowing a designer to distinguish between structurally similar but semantically different types. However, we offer a heuristic that does not require a designer to explicitly state branding declarations. Second, we describe various kinds of conflicts, and we offer a set of procedures that analyze a schema to discover such conflicts, classify them, offering potential solutions, if possible. The procedures have been conceived for a design system that allows a designer maximum flexibility, while guiding him/her to a correct design.