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31.
Anne Mahoney 《Computers and the Humanities》2003,37(4):469-473
This paper describes an encoding for representing quantitativemetrical analyses in TEI SGML or XML documents, using only charactersfrom the standard keyboard set, and a system for converting thisencoding to other forms for display. 相似文献
32.
Didier Perrin Céline Guillermain Anne Bergeret José-Marie Lopez-Cuesta Gilles Tersac 《Journal of Materials Science》2006,41(12):3593-3602
A new process of management of waste of composite materials from Sheet Moulding Compounds (SMC), as reinforcing fillers for
thermoplastic materials, including both mechanical and chemical processes is proposed in this paper. Communited SMC being
composed of coated glass fibres intimately mixed with calcium carbonate powder, their reinforcing power is low. First, the
fibrous part was increased by partial dissolution of calcium carbonate present in the crushed products SMC. Second, a process
of partial solvolysis was developed aiming at strong increasing the interfacial mechanical properties by functionalising of
SMC load incorporated into polypropylene/grafted maleic anhydride polypropylene (PP/PPgma). At this effect, we investigated a treatment with a hot triamine (diethylenetriamine, DETA) in order to create a functionalisation,
after scission of the bond ester of unsaturated polyester, as bridging amino-succinimide.The effect of this recycling way
by partial solvolysis was checked from the mechanical properties of the resulting reinforced PP/PPgma material: Although a lower of Young modulus, better yield stress and especially resilience were observed. 相似文献
33.
Steven S Fu Miles McFall Andrew J Saxon Jean C Beckham Timothy P Carmody Dewleen G Baker Anne M Joseph 《Nicotine & tobacco research》2007,9(11):1071-1084
We conducted a systematic review of what is known about the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and smoking to guide research on underlying mechanisms and to facilitate the development of evidence-based tobacco treatments for this population of smokers. We searched Medline, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and identified 45 studies for review that presented primary data on PTSD and smoking. Smoking rates were high among clinical samples with PTSD (40%-86%) as well as nonclinical populations with PTSD (34%-61%). Most studies showed a positive relationship between PTSD and smoking and nicotine dependence, with odds ratios ranging between 2.04 and 4.52. Findings also suggest that PTSD, rather than trauma exposure itself, is more influential for increasing risk of smoking. A small but growing literature has examined psychological factors related to smoking initiation and maintenance and the overlapping neurobiology of PTSD and nicotine dependence. Observational studies indicate that smokers with PTSD have lower quit rates than do smokers without PTSD. Yet a few tobacco cessation treatment trials in smokers with PTSD have achieved quit rates comparable with controlled trials of smokers without mental disorders. In conclusion, the evidence points to a causal relationship between PTSD and smoking that may be bidirectional. Specific PTSD symptoms may contribute to smoking and disrupt cessation attempts. Intervention studies that test behavioral and pharmacological interventions designed specifically for use in patients with PTSD are needed to reduce morbidity and mortality in this population. 相似文献
34.
Anne J. Kershen 《Landscape Research》2004,29(3):261-275
For hundreds of years Spitalfields, the 250 acres that border the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and the City of London, has been a first point of settlement for immigrants. Its tradition of political and religious non-conformity and its proximity to the City of London and the docks have acted as a unique beacon to those seeking refuge and economic opportunity in a capital city. Spitalfields has provided a landscape upon which the incomers have engraved a 'home away from home', for themselves and their families. Using the 'Spitalfields experience' as a focal point, the concept and construction of home by migrants in the diaspora is explored, and some of the cultural tools that the Huguenots, eastern European Jews and Bangladeshis—the protagonist subject groups of this essay—have used to construct their homes in the elsewhere are examined. Due to the spatial limitations of this work, language, diet and religion have been selected as the topics under the microscope. All three facilitated the maintenance of links with the sending societies whilst, in some, though not in every instance, creating a bridge to assimilation. The usage and effectiveness of these tools is compared and contrasted and the role played by Spitalfields over the past four centuries in the creation of homes by those in an alien environment is assessed. 相似文献
35.
36.
Anne Grethe Christophersen Grete Bertelsen Henrik J. Andersen Pia Knuthsen Leif H. Skibsted 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1992,194(2):115-119
Summary The combined effect of oxygen transmission of packaging material and of exposure to light with different spectral distribution on the oxidative degradation of carotenoids and lipids in frozen salmonoids has been characterized in a storage experiment with steaks of rainbow trout. The degradation of the carotenoid astaxanthin, as followed by HPLC analysis and tristimulus colorimetric measurement, was sensitive to the radiant flux density of UV light and less sensitive to the oxygen transmission rate of the packaging material, in agreement with previous findings for photooxidation of carotenoids in food model systems. This is in contrast to the lipid oxidation, which was found to be dependent on the accessability of oxygen rather than on exposure to UV light. Formation of peroxides in the product culminated after 3 months of storage (up to 8.4 mEq kg–1 oil), and preceded the formation of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances. The product in packaging material with a high oxygen transmission rate (60 cm3 m–2 bar–1 per 24 h) reached a level of approximately 5 mol malonaldhyde/kg–1 product, when stored exposed to standard fluorescent light or fluorescent light with a high UV component. Rancid taste was not detected by sensory evaluation for any of the products after 6 months of storage, whereas a bitter taste was noted for the product exposed to UV light.
Die Haltbarkeit von Lachsforellen Einfluß von Licht und Verpackung auf die Carotenoid- und Fettoxydation
Zusammenfassung Der kombinierte Effekt von Sauerstoffdurchgang durch Verpackungsmaterial und der Lichteinwirkung verschiedener spektraler Verteilung auf den oxidativen Abbau der Carotinoide und Fette in gefrorenen Lachsforellen wurde in einem Lagerungsversuch untersucht. Der Abbau des Carotenoids Astaxanthin wurde mit HPLC undTristimulus-Calorimetrie beobachtet, und war empfindlich gegenüber UV-Licht und weniger empfindlich gegenüber der Sauerstoffdurchlässigkeit der Verpackung, was mit früheren Ergebnissen für Photooxidation der Carotinoide in Modellsystemen übereinstimmt. Dies widerspricht der Fettoxidation, die mehr von Sauerstoffzugang abhängig ist als von der Entwicklung des UV-Lichtes. Die Bildung von Peroxiden des Produktes kuliminierte nach 3monatiger Lagerung (bis 8,4 meq/kg Öl) und ging der Bildung von Thiobarbitursäure-aktiven Substanzen voraus. Das Produkt im Material mit hohem Sauerstoffdurchgang (60 cm3 m–2 bar–1 pro 24 h), das bei normalen fluorescierendem Licht oder bei fluorescierendem Licht mit hohem UV-Anteil aufbewahrt wurde, erreichte einen TBS-Wert von ungefähr 5 mol Malonaldehyd/kg Fleisch. Ein ranziger Geschmack wurde durch sensorische Bewertung nach 6monatiger Lagerung nicht erkannt, wohl aber ein bitterer Geschmack bei dem UV-Licht ausgesetzten Proben.相似文献
37.
dos Santos Tiago G. Silva Antonio O. S. Pedrosa Anne M. G. Araujo Antonio S. Souza Marcelo J. B. 《Journal of Porous Materials》2021,28(3):919-928
Journal of Porous Materials - Catalysts of AlMCM-48 with different Si/Al molar rations were synthesized by modified hydrothermal method with respect to previous works. As a consequence, the... 相似文献
38.
Francesca Truzzi Camilla Tibaldi Anne Whittaker Silvia Dilloo Enzo Spisni Giovanni Dinelli 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
There is a need to assess the relationship between improved rheological properties and the immunogenic potential of wheat proteins. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of total protein extracts from three modern and two landrace Triticum aestivum commercial flour mixes, with significant differences in gluten strength (GS), on cell lines. Cytotoxicity and innate immune responses induced by wheat proteins were investigated using Caco-2 monocultures, two dimensional (2D) Caco-2/U937 co-cultures, and three dimensional (3D) co-cultures simulating the intestinal mucosa with Caco-2 epithelial cells situated above an extra-cellular matrix containing U937 monocytes and L929 fibroblasts. Modern wheat proteins, with increased GS, significantly reduced Caco-2 cell proliferation and vitality in monoculture and 2D co-cultures than landrace proteins. Modern wheat proteins also augmented Caco-2 monolayer disruption and tight junction protein, occludin, redistribution in 3D co-cultures. Release of interleukin-8 into the cell medium and increased U937 monocyte migration in both 2D and 3D co-cultures were similarly apparent. Immuno-activation of migrating U937 cells was evidenced from cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) staining and CD11b-related differentiation into macrophages. The modern wheat proteins, with gluten polymorphism relatedness and increased GS, were shown to be more cytotoxic and immunogenic than the landrace wheat proteins. 相似文献
39.
40.
Anna Kutschenko Selma Staege Karen Grütz Hannes Glaß Norman Kalmbach Thomas Gschwendtberger Lisa M. Henkel Johanne Heine Anne Grünewald Andreas Hermann Philip Seibler Florian Wegner 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Myoclonus-dystonia (DYT-SGCE, formerly DYT11) is characterized by alcohol-sensitive, myoclonic-like appearance of fast dystonic movements. It is caused by mutations in the SGCE gene encoding ε-sarcoglycan leading to a dysfunction of this transmembrane protein, alterations in the cerebello-thalamic pathway and impaired striatal plasticity. To elucidate underlying pathogenic mechanisms, we investigated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from two myoclonus-dystonia patients carrying a heterozygous mutation in the SGCE gene (c.298T>G and c.304C>T with protein changes W100G and R102X) in comparison to two matched healthy control lines. Calcium imaging showed significantly elevated basal intracellular Ca2+ content and lower frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ signals in SGCE MSNs. Blocking of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels by verapamil was less efficient in suppressing KCl-induced Ca2+ peaks of SGCE MSNs. Ca2+ amplitudes upon glycine and acetylcholine applications were increased in SGCE MSNs, but not after GABA or glutamate applications. Expression of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and most ionotropic receptor subunits was not altered. SGCE MSNs showed significantly reduced GABAergic synaptic density. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings displayed elevated amplitudes of miniature postsynaptic currents and action potentials in SGCE MSNs. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for myoclonus-dystonia. 相似文献