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11.
Eva Dreussi Erika Cecchin Jerry Polesel Vincenzo Canzonieri Marco Agostini Caterina Boso Claudio Belluco Angela Buonadonna Sara Lonardi Francesca Bergamo Sara Gagno Elena De Mattia Salvatore Pucciarelli Antonino De Paoli Giuseppe Toffoli 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(9)
Background: Pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is still ascribed to a minority of patients. A pathway based-approach could highlight the predictive role of germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The primary aim of this study was to define new predictive biomarkers considering treatment specificities. Secondary aim was to determine new potential predictive biomarkers independent from radiotherapy (RT) dosage and cotreatment with oxaliplatin. Methods: Thirty germ-line SNPs in twenty-one genes were selected according to a pathway-based approach. Genetic analyses were performed on 280 LARC patients who underwent fluoropyrimidine-based CRT. The potential predictive role of these SNPs in determining pathological tumor response was tested in Group 1 (94 patients undergoing also oxaliplatin), Group 2 (73 patients treated with high RT dosage), Group 3 (113 patients treated with standard RT dosage), and in the pooled population (280 patients). Results: Nine new predictive biomarkers were identified in the three groups. The most promising one was rs3136228-MSH6 (p = 0.004) arising from Group 3. In the pooled population, rs1801133-MTHFR showed only a trend (p = 0.073). Conclusion: This exploratory study highlighted new potential predictive biomarkers of neoadjuvant CRT and underlined the importance to strictly define treatment peculiarities in pharmacogenetic analyses. 相似文献
12.
La Russa Mauro F. Ruffolo Silvestro A. de Buergo Mónica Álvarez Ricca Michela Belfiore Cristina M. Pezzino Antonino Crisci Gino M. 《Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment》2017,76(1):115-124
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - Salt crystallization is a strong weathering agent in porous building materials. The crystallization pressure exerted by salt crystals, growing... 相似文献
13.
Carlo Domenico Maida Mario Daidone Gaetano Pacinella Rosario Luca Norrito Antonio Pinto Antonino Tuttolomondo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(4)
Diabetes mellitus is a comprehensive expression to identify a condition of chronic hyperglycemia whose causes derive from different metabolic disorders characterized by altered insulin secretion or faulty insulin effect on its targets or often both mechanisms. Diabetes and atherosclerosis are, from the point of view of cardio- and cerebrovascular risk, two complementary diseases. Beyond shared aspects such as inflammation and oxidative stress, there are multiple molecular mechanisms by which they feed off each other: chronic hyperglycemia and advanced glycosylation end-products (AGE) promote ‘accelerated atherosclerosis’ through the induction of endothelial damage and cellular dysfunction. These diseases impact the vascular system and, therefore, the risk of developing cardio- and cerebrovascular events is now evident, but the observation of this significant correlation has its roots in past decades. Cerebrovascular complications make diabetic patients 2–6 times more susceptible to a stroke event and this risk is magnified in younger individuals and in patients with hypertension and complications in other vascular beds. In addition, when patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia experience an acute ischemic stroke, they are more likely to die or be severely disabled and less likely to benefit from the one FDA-approved therapy, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Experimental stroke models have revealed that chronic hyperglycemia leads to deficits in cerebrovascular structure and function that may explain some of the clinical observations. Increased edema, neovascularization, and protease expression as well as altered vascular reactivity and tone may be involved and point to potential therapeutic targets. Further study is needed to fully understand this complex disease state and the breadth of its manifestation in the cerebrovasculature. 相似文献
14.
Tiziana Di Chiara Alessandro Del Cuore Mario Daidone Stefania Scaglione Rosario Luca Norrito Maria Grazia Puleo Rosario Scaglione Antonio Pinto Antonino Tuttolomondo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)
There is growing evidence that hypertension is the most important vascular risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The brain is an early target of hypertension-induced organ damage and may manifest as stroke, subclinical cerebrovascular abnormalities and cognitive decline. The pathophysiological mechanisms of these harmful effects remain to be completely clarified. Hypertension is well known to alter the structure and function of cerebral blood vessels not only through its haemodynamics effects but also for its relationships with endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. In the last several years, new possible mechanisms have been suggested to recognize the molecular basis of these pathological events. Accordingly, this review summarizes the factors involved in hypertension-induced brain complications, such as haemodynamic factors, endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress, inflammation and intervention of innate immune system, with particular regard to the role of Toll-like receptors that have to be considered dominant components of the innate immune system. The complete definition of their prognostic role in the development and progression of hypertensive brain damage will be of great help in the identification of new markers of vascular damage and the implementation of innovative targeted therapeutic strategies. 相似文献
15.
Marialuisa Aragona Caterina Porcino Maria Cristina Guerrera Giuseppe Montalbano Rosaria Laur Marzio Cometa Maria Levanti Francesco Abbate Teresa Cobo Gabriel Capitelli Jos A. Vega Antonino German 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(5)
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was discovered in the last century, and identified as a member of the neurotrophin family. BDNF shares approximately 50% of its amino acid with other neurotrophins such as NGF, NT-3 and NT-4/5, and its linear amino acid sequences in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and human are 91% identical. BDNF functions can be mediated by two categories of receptors: p75NTR and Trk. Intriguingly, BDNF receptors were highly conserved in the process of evolution, as were the other NTs’ receptors. In this review, we update current knowledge about the distribution and functions of the BDNF-TrkB system in the sensory organs of zebrafish. In fish, particularly in zebrafish, the distribution and functions of BDNF and TrkB in the brain have been widely studied. Both components of the system, associated or segregated, are also present outside the central nervous system, especially in sensory organs including the inner ear, lateral line system, retina, taste buds and olfactory epithelium. 相似文献
16.
Antonino Rizzuti Rocco Caliandro Vito Gallo Piero Mastrorilli Giuseppe Chita Mario Latronico 《Food chemistry》2013
X-ray powder diffraction was combined, for the first time, with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy and direct infusion mass spectrometry to characterise fresh and brined grape leaves. Covariance analysis of data generated by the three techniques was performed with the aim to correlate information deriving from the solid part with those obtained for soluble metabolites. The results obtained indicate that crystalline components can be correlated to the metabolites contained in the grape leaves, paving the way to the use of X-ray diffraction analysis for food fingerprinting purposes. Moreover it was ascertained that, differently from most of the metabolites present in the fresh vine leaves, linolenic acid (an omega-3-fatty acid) and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (a polyphenol metabolite) do not undergo sensible degradation during the brining process, which is used as preservative method for the grape leaves. 相似文献
17.
Barbara Fruci Stefania Giuliano Angela Mazza Roberta Malaguarnera Antonino Belfiore 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(11):22933-22966
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder worldwide. Several lines of evidence have indicated a pathogenic role of insulin resistance, and a strong association with type 2 diabetes (T2MD) and metabolic syndrome. Importantly, NAFLD appears to enhance the risk for T2MD, as well as worsen glycemic control and cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. In turn, T2MD may promote NAFLD progression. The opportunity to take into account NAFLD in T2MD prevention and care has stimulated several clinical studies in which antidiabetic drugs, such as metformin, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors have been evaluated in NAFLD patients. In this review, we provide an overview of preclinical and clinical evidences on the possible efficacy of antidiabetic drugs in NAFLD treatment. Overall, available data suggest that metformin has beneficial effects on body weight reduction and metabolic parameters, with uncertain effects on liver histology, while pioglitazone may improve liver histology. Few data, mostly preclinical, are available on DPP4 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues. The heterogeneity of these studies and the small number of patients do not allow for firm conclusions about treatment guidelines, and further randomized, controlled studies are needed. 相似文献
18.
The paper is the introduction to the special issue Water Engineering and Management in a Changing Environment which presents a set of the most innovative contributions at the EWRA Symposium, held in Catania, Italy on 2011. 相似文献
19.
Giuseppe Olivieri Antonio Marzocchella Roberto Andreozzi Gabriele Pinto Antonino Pollio 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2011,86(6):776-783
BACKGROUND: This paper reports the results of an experimental campaign of autotrophic cultures of Stichococcus strains aiming at selecting the most promising strain for biofuel production. The strain selected—S. bacillaris 158/11—was cultivated in 1 L lab‐scale bubble column photobioreactors under fed‐batch and semi‐continuous conditions. A Bold basal medium supplemented with NaNO3 as nitrogen source was adopted. Tests were carried out at 23 °C, 140 µE m?2 s?1, and air flow rate ranging between 0.4 and 4 vvm. Cultures were characterized in terms of pH, concentration of total nitrogen, total organic carbon, total inorganic carbon, biomass, lipid fraction and methyl‐ester distribution of transesterified lipids. RESULTS: S. bacillaris 158/11 proved to be the best strain to produce biodiesel. Methyl‐ester distribution was characterized by a large fraction of methyl palmitate, methyl linolenate, methyl linoleate, and methyl oleate along with phytol. The process photosynthetic efficiency—fraction of available light stored as chemical energy ‐ was about 1.5%. Specific biomass productivity was ~60 mgDM L?1 day?1 under the semi‐continuous conditions tested. Total lipid productivity was 14 mg L?1 day?1 at a dilution rate of 0.050 L day?1. CONCLUSION: S. bacillaris 158/11 is a potential strain for massive microalgae cultures for biofuel production. Higher biomass/total‐lipid productivity could be obtained in sunlight. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
20.