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Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is an efficient method to detect the reliability of the free spectrum, however, with great overhead and energy consumption. In this paper, we study a much broader application of CSS, where the sensors are used to sense multiple channels. On the one hand, since the tiny and low-cost sensors do not have high-speed analog-to-digital-convertors, they cannot simultaneously sense more than one channel. Therefore, the simultaneous multi-channel CSS is an important issue in a cognitive sensor network (CSN). On the other hand, these tiny sensors do not have high-power batteries, which makes the network lifetime as an important metric. In this paper, node selection is proposed for the multi-channel CSS to maximize the lifetime of a CSN under some detection constraints with lower overhead than cooperative sensing by all the sensors simultaneously. We analyze the problem for the OR and the AND rules, which can be implemented at the fusion center. The problem is solved by using convex optimization methods where assignment indices for every sensor are assumed. We provide a performance analysis through simulations using MATLAB, which shows that the sensor selection scheme provides a significant long lifetime for a CSN compared to the case where sensors are selected randomly and where all sensors are just classified to sense the channels simultaneously.
相似文献Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (SSAO) is a swarm intelligence-based optimizer inspired by the herding behavior of shepherds in nature. SSOA may suffer from some shortcomings, including being trapped in a local optimum and starting from a random population without prior knowledge. This study aims to enhance the performance of the SSOA by incorporating two efficient devices. The first device is utilized from the Opposition-Based Learning (OBL) approach to improve the initialization phase of the algorithm. The second device is incorporated a solution generator in the cyclic body of the SSOA based on the statistical results of the solutions. This feature is the so-called statistically regenerated stepsize. The proposed devices provide a good balance between exploration and exploitation capability of the algorithm and reduce the probability of getting tapped in a local optimum. The viability of the proposed Enhanced Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (ESSOA) is demonstrated through three large-scale design examples. ESSOA is compared to the standard SSOA and some other existing metaheuristic algorithms. The optimization results reveal the competence and robustness of the ESSOA for optimal design of the large-scale space structures.
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