Controlling Floods by Optimization Methods

Floods as natural phenomena exist and will continue to occur. No manmade project can stop a flood from happening, but there are several effective methods to reduce its risk, aftermath and consequences. This paper considers a novel formulation of the network interdiction problem with application on controlling floods. The aim of this work is to identify those arcs prone for flood, and implementing flood-control projects on these arcs, while required budget for deriving all these operations is bounded. the model is tested on a real-world case in Tabriz-Iran, and results are visualized.     

多壁碳管/二氧化钛改性棉织物及其自清洁和抗紫外性能（英文）

以丁二酸为交联剂,采用纳米TiO2和多壁碳管对棉织物进行改性。通过暴露于紫外和阳光照射,分析Direct Green6浓度的减少来评价改性织物的光催化自洁性能。探讨样品的紫外吸收、耐磨性与扩张强度。结果表明,在紫外和阳光照射下,经纳米TiO2和多壁碳管处理后的棉织物能有效提高Direct Green 6的光降解效率。改性织物的耐麿性和抗紫外性能提高,抗张强度略降低。Direct Green 6光降解效率的提高归因于电子空穴对重组的减少及由TiO2和多壁碳管产生协同作用而使吸收光的增加。     

DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM RATE CONSTANTS FOR AUTOCATALYTIC REACTION OF TAR SAND RECOVERV PROCESS

ABSTRACT

In this paper a parameter optimization technique is introduced involving a minimization algorithm. The technique is applicable to a wide range of problems involving data analysis. In particular, it is applied to the first-order initial-value problem describing the autocatalytic reaction of tar sand recovery process, as a result of which, the optimal reaction rate constants for a given set of experimental data are obtained. The analytical solution to the governing differential equation corresponding to these optimal parameter values is then shown to fit the experimental data. Numerical results are presented in graphical form for three different sets of data, and discussion and conclusions are provided subsequently.     

The Modeling and Simulation of the IWAG Process in Petroleum Reservoirs

Abstract

Application of an immiscible water alternating gas (IWAG) method in enhanced oil recovery process was investigated in this article. A black oil model was employed to reach the final equations required for estimation of pressure and saturation domains. The governing equations were discretized using a finite volume method. An implicit pressure–explicit saturation formula was employed to solve the equations. The system equations were solved and related codes were written to simulate the process. Simulation results confirm a higher oil recovery in the IWAG technique when compared to waterflooding and immiscible gas injection processes.     

Application of multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified by diphenylcarbazide for selective solid phase extraction of ultra traces Cd(II) in water samples and food products

A novel sorbent for separation of cadmium ions was prepared by functionalizing multiwall carbon nanotubes with diphenylcarbazide and underutilised to develop a solid-phase extraction method to separate and concentrate trace amounts of cadmium ions from some real samples by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry measurements. The optimum experimental conditions such as pH, flow rates, type and the smallest amount of eluent for elution of cadmium ions, break through volume and effect of coexisting ions on the separation and determination of cadmium ions were evaluated.