Design of computational processes in hierarchic systems

A suboptimal algorithm of scheduling in hierarchic systems is considered. The algorithm does not practically require the enumeration of possibilities. The results on the efficiency of this algorithm are given based on the random generation of examples.     

Temperature Dependence of the Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Fe-Me-Si-B Alloys

Alloying of amorphous Fe-Me-Si-B metallic compositions with nickel and molybdenum results in a decrease in the values of saturation magnetization in fields with a magnetic intensity of 0.72 MA/m. The same alloying additions decrease the temperature of formation of new magnetic Fe₃B-type phases, which are stable up to 873 ± 5 K.     

Nonequilibrium nonstoichiometry in ionic compounds

Ionic substances under normal conditions are stoichiometric compounds with phase diagrams featuring no homogeneity regions. Crystals grown under nonequilibrium conditions, in particular, under significant centrifugal acceleration, are characterized by nonstoichiometric compositions (e.g., K_2−x Br_1.07). In this way, it is possible to obtain nonequilibrium nonstoichiometric ionic compounds possessing certain homogeneity regions. Nonstoichiometric crystals of KCl, KBr, and KI grown under various accelerations ranging within (1.3–100.0)×10³ g exhibit insignificant variations in the lattice constants and a significant increase in micro-hardness with acceleration.     

Exergy losses in refrigerating systems. A study for performance comparisons in compressor and condenser

A study is carried out to describe irreversibilities in one stage refrigerating process for vapour compression cycle with refrigerant mixtures R-404A, R-410A, R-410B and R-507 as working fluids. They are calculated as exergy losses by an algorithm developed on the basis of thermodynamics. The proposed relationships have been derived from exergy balances on the system components. Emphasis is placed on parameters influencing the losses and the related results are presented through Grassmann diagrams (diagrams of exergy fluxes). Furthermore, detailed information on the variation of cycle's exergy efficiency with evaporating and condensing temperatures is given. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reliability Analysis of the Systems with Many States on the Basis of the Algebra of Tuples

A new approach to the modeling and analysis of systems with many states is set out, which makes it possible to perform calculations of probability characteristics of these systems. This approach relies on the algebra of tuples, with the aid of which a system with many states is represented in the form of an aggregate of multiple relations, so that the system proves to be isomorphic to the algebra of sets.     

Fuel‐Consumption‐Minimum‐Based Selection of the Regime of Heating of a Metal by the Main Optimization Method

Consideration is given to the solution of the problem of minimization of fuel consumption in heating a rectangular prism in a continuous furnace.     

Investigation of physical processes in the centrifugal dispersion of materials with high vapor and gas release

We have analyzed the physical processes in a vacuum chamber in the centrifugal dispersion of blanks of D16 and AMg6 aluminum blanks rotating at a rate of 10–80 m/sec with local melting under the action of a stationary electron beam of power density ∼10⁹ W/ m². A method for approximate calculations of melting under flash heating, diffusion, and vapor and gas release into vacuum is proposed. __________ Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 80, No. 2, pp. 25–35, March–April, 2007.     

A 100-GOPS programmable processor for vehicle vision systems

New generations of automobiles will include driver assistance systems requiring powerful, low-cost processors to handle video/camera applications and to enable fast, convenient application development. Shrinking feature sizes on processors already in development will bring substantial increases in system speed and functionality.     

Biodegradation of phenol at low temperature using two-phase partitioning bioreactors.

Two-phase partitioning bioreactors offer many advantages for the removal of toxic pollutants. In particular, such systems can be loaded with very large quantities of pollutants without risks of microbial inhibition, they are self-regulated and they prevent the risks of hazardous pollutant volatilisation during aerobic treatment. However, their potential has never been tested at low temperatures. Phenol biodegradation by a cold adapted Pseudomonas strain was therefore tested at 14 or 4 degrees C using 2-undecanone, diethyl sebacate or 2-decanone as organic phases in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor. The three solvents were biocompatible at 14 degrees C but evidence was found that diethyl sebacate was biodegraded by the bacteria and this solvent was not tested further. Although only 2-decanone was suitable at 4 degrees C, phenol biodegradation was more efficient in 2-undecanone at 14 degrees C, reaching a maximum volumetric rate (based on the volume of aqueous phase) of approximately 1.94 g/L.day after 47 h of cultivation. In 2-decanone at 14 degrees C, evidence was found that phenol degradation was limited by the release of biosurfactants, which increased the solubility and toxicity of the solvent in the aqueous phase inhibiting microbial activity. This study therefore shows that pollutant removal at low temperature is feasible but that the production of biosurfactants can have a negative impact on the process and must be taken into consideration when selecting the organic solvent. Future work should therefore focus on the selection of solvents suitable for use at temperatures below 14 degrees C.