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11.
Chien S.Y.P. Xue L.Q. Palakal M. 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》1997,27(6):1007-1007
For a mobile robot to be practical, it needs to navigate in dynamically changing environments and manipulate objects in the environment with operating ease. The main challenges to satisfying these requirements in mobile robot research include the collection of robot environment information, storage and organization of this information, and fast task planning based on available information. Conventional approaches to these problems are far from satisfactory due to their requirement of high computation time. In this paper, we specifically address the problems of storage and organization of the environment information and fast task planning in the area of robotic research. We propose an special object-oriented data model (OODM) for information storage and management in order to solve the first problem. This model explicitly represents domain knowledge and abstracts a global perspective about the robot's dynamically changing environment. To solve the second problem, we introduce a fast task planning algorithm that fully uses domain knowledge related to robot applications and to the given environment. Our OODM based task planning method presents a general frame work and representation, into which domain specific information, domain decomposition methods and specific path planners can be tailored for different task planning problems. This method unifies and integrates the salient features from various areas such as database, artificial intelligence, and robot path planning, thus increasing the planning speed significantly 相似文献
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对天津及其滨海新区生态城市水利建设进行了分析。研究了在淡水资源极度匮乏的条件下,有效开发利用非常规水资源的必要性、重要性和现实性。认为天津市对水资源应遵循节水、治污、高效配置,妥善处理生活、生产、生态之间的关系,力求平衡调配。供水水源应是多元的,增加非常规水资源(污水、海/咸水、雨/洪水)的利用,同时增加可用地下水,外调来水等,逐步进入可持续发展配置。 相似文献
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Zeng Yanwei Xue Wanrong A. Benedetti G. Fagherazzi 《Journal of Materials Science》1994,29(4):1045-1050
By using the X-ray diffraction profile-fitting technique, the microstructures of Sm, Mn-modified PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramic discs, including ferroelectric domain sizes, microstrains, and their variations with the poling strength have been quantitatively investigated. The results manifest that the modified PbTiO3 ceramics contain a high density of domain walls due to the presence of finely-divided coherent domain structures (tens of nanometres in dimension). The poling treament can evidently influence the domain-size distribution, with a more homogeneous microstructure being developed; however, it simultaneously causes high anisotropic microstrains within the structure which, together with the high density of domain walls, is expected to be responsible for the unusual high electromechanical coupling properties possessed by this material. 相似文献
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Shufang Wang Yuanhui Ma Yanji Wang Wei Xue Xinqiang Zhao 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(11):1466-1471
BACKGROUND: A single‐step conversion of nitrobenzene (NB) to p‐aminophenol (PAP) through catalytic hydrogenation is a widely used synthesis route for PAP. The main shortcoming of this route is the use of sulfuric acid for rearrangement of the phenylhydroxylamine (PHA) intermediate. In this paper, S2O82?/ZrO2 (PSZ) solid acid and Pt‐S2O82?/ZrO2 (Pt‐PSZ) bifunctional catalysts were prepared for the synthesis of PAP in non‐acid medium. RESULTS: Calcination temperature has a substantial effect on the acidity, structure and activity for PHA rearrangement of PSZ. The highest PAP yield was 33.8% over PSZ calcined at 823 K when the reaction was carried out in water at 423 K. A high PAP yield of 23.9% was achieved by a single‐step reaction of nitrobenzene over Pt‐PSZ bifunctional catalysts. CONCLUSION: PSZ solid acid exhibits high activity for PHA rearrangement. Perfect tetragonal ZrO2 and much stronger acid sites play important roles in catalytic activity. Inhibiting the hydrogenation activity by reducing the amount of Pt loading on Pt‐PSZ can improve the competition of PHA rearrangement on acid sites with hydrogenation of PHA on metal active sites, resulting in better selectivity to PAP. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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