基于类内均值的双投影2DPCA人脸识别方法

在人脸识别问题中,如何提取具有鲁棒性的人脸特征和降低特征维数是两个关键。根据二维主成分分析方法直接利用二维图像来构建方差矩阵的优点,引入了类内均值的思想,首先计算每类训练样本的类内平均脸,并用它对各类样本进行规范化处理,有效扩大了类间样本的差别,缩小了类内样本的差别,进行协方差矩阵的计算并提取最优投影特征向量进行人脸图像的特征提取,通过在水平和垂直两个方向上顺序执行两次提取和投影的操作,极大压缩了特征的维数,克服了传统二维主成分算法的不足。在人脸库ORL和Yale的试验对比结果表明,方法对光照与表情变化有较好的鲁棒性,能实现较高的识别率,因此在实际中具有一定的应用意义。     

基于正负理想点的导弹武器系统作战效能评估

讨论了目前导弹武器系统作战效能评估中的几点不足,提出用正负理想点法来评估导弹武器系统的作战效能.首先给出评估模型.其次,通过对具有典型意义的5种空舰导弹武器系统作战效能进行分析,给出应用示例,并对评估效果进行分析,得出结论.     

An improved U-Net for cell confluence estimation

Cell confluence is an important metric to determine the growth and the best harvest time of adherent cells. At present, the evaluation of cell confluence mainly relies on experienced labor, and thus it is not conducive to the automated cell culture. In this paper, we proposed an improved U-Net algorithm (called DU-Net) for the segmentation of adherent cells. First, the general convolution was replaced by the dilated convolution to expand the receptive fields for feature extraction. Then, the convolutional layers were combined with the batch normalization layers to reduce the dependence of the network on initialization. As a result, the segmentation accuracy and F1-score of the proposed DU-Net for adherent cells with low confluence (<50%) reached 96.94% and 93.87%, respectively, and for those with high confluence (≥50%), they reached 98.63% and 98.98%, respectively. Further, the paired t-test results showed that the proposed DU-Net was statistically superior to the traditional U-Net algorithm.     

泡沫铝三明治板的研究与应用进展

泡沫铝三明治板(Aluminum foam sandwich,AFS)是基于泡沫铝材料开发的一类材料-结构一体化的先进多孔复合结构。AFS是交通运输、建筑以及航空航天等装备结构轻量化的重要材料,具有广阔的应用前景。概述了AFS的几类制备技术的基本原理和研究现状,着重分析了复合预制体制备、合金成分、AFS发泡成型工艺等关键环节中存在的理论和技术难点。介绍了AFS作为结构材料和功能材料的典型应用案例;最后总结提出了AFS材料研究和工程化技术开发的关键点与突破途径。     

基于离散元方法的沥青混合料力链演化及分布量化分析

为了研究沥青混合料内部颗粒间力链的演化及分布规律,以AC-13沥青混合料作为研究对象,利用离散元方法重构沥青混合料数字试件,模拟简单性能试验,提取试件内部颗粒间的力链信息进行力链演化、概率分布和角度分布分析。结果表明,通过比较预测结果和实测结果,基于离散元方法重构的AC-13沥青混合料细观模型用于模拟其细观力学特性是可行的。试件内部力链空间分布具有各向异性,以垂直方向的压力力链为主,承受大部分的半正弦荷载。法向力链概率分布随加载时间的变化规律基本一致,法向接触力与平均法向接触力比值f最小时,概率分布出现最大值,f=1.75时,概率分布再次达到峰值,然后逐渐减小并趋于稳定。法向力链角度分布主要位于90°和270°附近,第一、二象限的角度分布比例远大于第三、四象限,60~120°、30~150°中法向力链角度分布比例均大于70%,最小为72.733%。     

作业评价系统的研究与设计

作业评价作为课程评价的一个重要方面,反映了学生在学习过程中的发展情况.本文在分析过程性评价、多元化评价以及个性化反馈理念的基础上,设计了基于Web的作业评价与反馈系统.将作业展示在学习平台中,通过自评、互评、教评层层递进的形式对学习过程进行多元化的全面评价,针对互动评价过程进行个性化反馈和指导,引导学生自我反思,调动学生积极性,促进学生全面发展.     

汽车电动助力转向系统的混杂控制与试验

汽车电动助力转向(EPS)系统以蓄电池为能源,以电动机为动力元件,汽车EPS控制系统的设计是提高EPS系统性能和电动机效率的关键.分析了汽车EPS系统的混杂特性,可分为助力工况、回正工况和阻尼工况.设计了汽车EPS混杂控制系统,助力工况采用由Bang-bang控制和变参数双模糊控制组成的双模态控制器;回正工况采用PID控制器;阻尼控制采用电动机制动转矩控制方式.设计了实车试验系统,进行了转向手感实车试验和回正控制实车试验.汽车EPS系统的混杂控制充分反映了汽车EPS系统的工作状况,优化了EPS系统的功能和控制效果,增强了转向操纵的安全性,提高了EPS电动机的工作效率和节能环保能力.     

Linear discriminant projection embedding based on patches alignment

Dimensionality reduction is often required as a preliminary stage in many data analysis applications. In this paper, we propose a novel supervised dimensionality reduction method, called linear discriminant projection embedding (LDPE), for pattern recognition. LDPE first chooses a set of overlapping patches which cover all data points using a minimum set cover algorithm with geodesic distance constraint. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) is applied on each patch to obtain the data's local representations. Finally, patches alignment technique combined with modified maximum margin criterion (MMC) is used to yield the discriminant global embedding. LDPE takes both label information and structure of manifold into account, thus it can maximize the dissimilarities between different classes and preserve data's intrinsic structures simultaneously. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by extensive experiments using three standard face databases (ORL, YALE and CMU PIE). Experimental results show that LDPE outperforms other classical and state of art algorithms.     

Chaotic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm for dynamic economic dispatch problem with valve-point effects

This paper presents a chaotic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm (CSAPSO) to solve dynamic economic dispatch problem (DED) with value-point effects. The proposed algorithm takes PSO as the main evolution method. The velocity, a sensitive parameter of PSO, is adjusted dynamically to increase the precision of PSO. To overcome the drawback of premature in PSO, chaotic local search is imported into proposed algorithm. Moreover, a new strategy is proposed to handle the various constraints of DED problem in this paper, the results solved by proposed strategy can satisfy the constraints of DED problem well. Finally, the high feasibility and effectiveness of proposed CSAPSO algorithm is validated by three test systems consisting of 10 and extended 30 generators while compared with the experimental results calculated by the other methods reported in this literature.