Interaction of humic acid salts with drug preparations

The use of natural polymers that form complexes with drug preparations is promising in the development of drugs of new generation. The possibility of complex formation on the interaction of humic acid salts with papaverine, benzohexonium, and B-group vitamins was demonstrated by calorimetric and potentiometric titration. These interactions can occur between the charged groups of a humic acid macroanion and the positively charged centers of drug molecules. The degree of binding of drug preparations by a natural polymer macromolecule can be determined by the charge and the structure of their molecules.     

Steelmaking in a DSP-120 Consteel furnace and the methods of its improvement

The process of steelmaking in a DSP-120 Consteel furnace and the directions of its improvement are comprehensively described. A new process of melting is proposed. It results in a decrease in the slag basic- ity and oxidation, a decrease in the amount of lime supplied to the furnace, and a change in the regime of oxygen blowing of the bath. As a result, the amount of slag and the iron losses with slag decrease and the metal yield increases. The problems that appear during the operation of the DSP-120 Consteel furnace at Ashinsk Metallurgical Works are noted.     

A combined device for the joint study of the surface tensions and electron work functions of liquid-metal melts at low temperatures

The design and test data of the combined device, which is intended to simultaneously measure the surface tensions and electron work functions of metals and alloys in static high-vacuum conditions in a temperature range of 60–400 K, are given. The measurements of the electron work function of pure Na, K, Rb, and Cs and near-eutectic alloys of the ternary Na-K-Cs system showed high reliability and accuracy of the obtained data.     

Use of liquid metals in nuclear and thermonuclear engineering,and in other innovative technologies

By now, a good deal of experience has been gained with using liquid metals as coolants in nuclear power installations; extensive knowledge has been gained about the physical, thermophysical, and physicochemical properties of these coolants; and the scientific principles and a set of methods and means for handling liquid metals as coolants for nuclear power installations have been elaborated. Prototype and commercialgrade sodium-cooled NPP power units have been developed, including the BOR-60, BN-350, and BN-600 power units (the Soviet Union); the Rapsodie, Phenix, and Superphenix power units (France), the EBR-II power unit (the United States); and the PFR power unit (the United Kingdom). In Russia, dedicated nuclear power installations have been constructed, including those with a lead-bismuth coolant for nuclear submarines and with sodium-potassium alloy for spacecraft (the Buk and Topol installations), which have no analogs around the world. Liquid metals (primarily lithium and its alloy with lead) hold promise for use in thermonuclear power engineering, where they can serve not only as a coolant, but also as tritium-producing medium. In this article, the physicochemical properties of liquid metal coolants, as well as practical experience gained from using them in nuclear and thermonuclear power engineering and in innovative technologies are considered, and the lines of further research works are formulated. New results obtained from investigations carried out on the Pb-Bi and Pb for the SVBR and BREST fast-neutron reactors (referred to henceforth as fast reactors) and for controlled accelerator systems are described.     

Time-domain simulation of H-plane optical distribution systems for the development of wideband multibeam active phased antenna arrays

An H-plane optical distribution system for formation of a five-beam radiation pattern of active phased antenna arrays is proposed and analyzed. The distribution system is analyzed in time domain, which allowed obtaining the results on transient processes in this system.     

Adsorption of ethyl benzoate on activated carbon

The kinetics of adsorption of ethyl benzoate from solutions in ethanol on coconut shell activated carbon was studied. It was found that the kinetics of adsorption of ethyl benzoate can be described by pseudofirst-order and pseudo-second-order rate equations with the same accuracy. It was established that the adsorption isotherm at a concentration to 2 g/L in the initial solution is adequately described by the Langmuir equation.