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41.
Andersen Barbara L.; Anderson Barrie; DeProsse Charles 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1989,57(6):692
The incidence and etiology of major life difficulties for women with survivable cancer were studied. Women with early stage cancer (n?=?65) were assessed after diagnosis but prior to treatment and reassessed at 4, 8, and 12 mo posttreatment. Two matched comparison groups, women diagnosed and treated for benign disease (n?=?22) and healthy women (n?=?60), were also assessed longitudinally. Results for 4 life areas are reported: (a) Emotional response to the life-threatening diagnosis and anticipation of treatment was characterized by depressed, anxious, and confused moods, whereas the response for women with benign disease was anxious only; these responses were transitory. (b) There was no evidence for a higher incidence of relationship dissolution or poorer marital adjustment; however, 30% of the women treated for disease reported that their partners may have had some sexual difficulty. (c) There was no evidence for impaired social adjustment. (d) Women treated for cancer retained their employment; however, their involvement was significantly reduced during recovery. Data suggest "islands" of significant life disruption following cancer, which do not appear to portend global adjustment vulnerability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
42.
Bratter Barbara I.; Bratter Thomas E.; Radda Henry T.; Steiner Kenneth M. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,30(2):299
The residential therapeutic caring community (RTCC) for adolescents combines psychotherapeutic principles of the professional model and self-help concept of the therapeutic community by using the collective resources of members to mobilize peer pressure. The RTCC is a safe, structured, supportive treatment environment that employs a confrontation, teaching, interpretative, and reasoning approach and uses the psychotherapeutic principles of reality therapy and existential thought. In the RTCC, the staff serve as mentors and role models, and they demonstrate their concern by maintaining high expectations for immediate improved behavior. The personal qualities necessary for a psychotherapist working in an RTCC are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
43.
A linear correlation was shown to exist between the acidity and the cyclic voltammetric half-potential of the reduction of acids in DMF for carboxylic and N-acids in the pKa range of 6-16. Chlorophenols are reduced at slightly lower potentials giving a separate parallel line. Applying the obtained equation and employing the same method to literature data in DMSO, the pKa values for conjugate aids of DMF and DMSO can be calculated, showing DMSO·H+ to be more acidic (pKa = 2.9) than DMF·H+ (pKa = 5.7). The analysis of cyclovoltammetric data demonstrated that a CE mechanism operates in the reduction of strong acids, including the conjugate acid of DMF. Weaker acids are reduced by direct discharge or a mixed mechanism. 相似文献
44.
45.
Lerer Barbara; Warner John; Friedman Eitan; Vincent George; Gamzu Elkan 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1985,99(4):661
The rat magnocellular basal forebrain (MNBF) is homologous to the human nucleus basalis of Meynert, a structure implicated in the cholinergic hypothesis of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats with kainic acid lesions in the MNBF were compared with 6 unoperated controls, 10 sham-operated controls, and 6 controls injected with kainic acid in the cortical area directly above the MNBF. MNBF lesions depleted choline acetyltransferase in cortex but not in striatum or hippocampus. Cortical dopamine levels were unchanged; serotonin levels were unchanged in hippocampus and parietal cortex but decreased in frontal cortex. Compared with controls, MNBF-lesioned Ss were impaired in 24-hr retention, but not acquisition, of a passive avoidance task with escapable footshock. The groups did not differ in mean number of daily avoidances on a barpress active avoidance task, although learning was slower in MNBF-lesioned Ss. In a serial spatial discrimination reversal test, MNBF-lesioned Ss performed significantly worse than controls. This model may be useful for studying the role of the cholinergic system in memory and possibly for developing treatment strategies to alleviate the cognitive dysfunction of AD. (63 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
46.
Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Byrne Barbara M.; Shavelson Richard J.; Muthén Bengt 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1989,105(3):456
Addresses issues related to partial measurement invariance using a tutorial approach based on the {lisrel} confirmatory factor analytic model. Specifically, we demonstrate procedures for (a) using "sensitivity analyses" to establish stable and substantively well-fitting baseline models, (b) determining partially invariant measurement parameters, and (c) testing for the invariance of factor covariance and mean structures, given partial measurement invariance. We also show, explicitly, the transformation of parameters from an all-X to an all-Y model specification, for purposes of testing mean structures. These procedures are illustrated with multidimensional self-concept data from low (n?=?248) and high (n?=?582) academically tracked high school adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
47.
On July 24, 2010, 21 people died and more than 500 were injured in a stampede at the Loveparade, a music festival, in Duisburg, Germany. Although this tragic incident is but one among many terrible crowd disasters that occur during pilgrimage, sports events, or other mass gatherings, it stands out for it has been well documented: there were a total of seven security cameras monitoring the Loveparade and the chain of events that led to disaster was meticulously reconstructed.In this paper, we present an automatic, video-based analysis of the events in Duisburg. While physical models and simulations of human crowd behavior have been reported before, to the best of our knowledge, automatic vision systems that detect congestions and dangerous crowd turbulences in real world settings were not reported yet. Derived from lessons learned from the video footage of the Loveparade, our system is able to detect motion patterns that characterize crowd behavior in stampedes. Based on our analysis, we propose methods for the detection and early warning of dangerous situations during mass events. Since our approach mainly relies on optical flow computations, it runs in real-time and preserves privacy of the people being monitored. 相似文献
48.
Design of optimal plans for environmental planning and management applications should ideally consider the multiple quantitative and qualitative criteria relevant to the problem. For example, in ground water monitoring design problems, qualitative criteria such as acceptable spatial extent and shape of the contaminant plume predicted from the monitored locations can be equally important as the typical quantitative criteria such as economic costs and contaminant prediction accuracy. Incorporation of qualitative criteria in the problem-solving process is typically done in one of two ways: (a) quantifying approximate representations of the qualitative criteria, which are then used as additional criteria during the optimization process, or (b) post-optimization analysis of designs by experts to evaluate the overall performance of the optimized designs with respect to the qualitative criteria. These approaches, however, may not adequately represent all of the relevant qualitative information that affect a human expert involved in design (e.g. engineers, stakeholders, regulators, etc.), and do not necessarily incorporate the effect of the expert's own learning process on the suitability of the final design. The Interactive Genetic Algorithm with Mixed Initiative Interaction (IGAMII) is a novel approach that addresses these limitations by using a collaborative human-computer search strategy to assist users in designing optimized solutions to their applications, while also learning about their problem. The algorithm adaptively learns from the expert's feedback, and explores multiple designs that meet her/his criteria using both the human expert and a simulated model of the expert's responses in a collaborative fashion. The algorithm provides an introspection-based learning framework for the human expert and uses the human's subjective confidence measures to adjust the optimization search process to the transient learning process of the user. This paper presents the design and testing of this computational framework, and the benefits of using this approach for solving groundwater monitoring design problems. 相似文献
49.
The definite trend towards the use of large-diameter rebars and the introduction of high-strength steels (f
y=500 to 600 MPa) make it necessary to study the effects of longitudinal splitting on the steel-to-concrete bond. The study
of splitting effects requires firstly basic tests to be performed in order to gather experimental information on bond and
confinement stresses acting at the bar-to-concrete interface. For this purpose, three series of tests were recently carried
out at the Politecnico di Milano. The results make it possible to ascertain a few basic properties of the bond after concrete
splitting, and to formulate empirical constitutive laws regarding the stresses and the displacements (bar slip and opening
of the splitting crack). All specimens consisted of a short deformed bar embedded in a concrete block, which had a preformed
splitting crack in the plane passing through the bar axis: twelve specimens (Tests A and C) were fitted up with a round deformed
bar having crescent-shaped lugs (Db=18 mm); seven specimens (Tests B) were fitted up with a specially machined deformed bar having a rectangular cross-section
and straigth, lugs, so that concrete deterioration close to the bar could be investigated at the surface of the specimen,
by means of the moiré technique. The tests were carried out at constant slip rate, up to very large slip values (
); both the ascending and the descending branches of the stress-slip curves were measured, for four different values of the
opening of the splitting crack. The agreement among the results of the three series is generally satisfactory and often very
good: consequently, constitutive laws regarding the four main variables (crack opening and bar slip, shear and confinement
stresses) can be worked out, as will be shown in a companion paper on constitutive relationships and on concrete deterioration
at the bar-to-concrete interface. 相似文献
50.
Jan Korbecki Klaudyna Kojder Patrycja Kapczuk Patrycja Kupnicka Barbara Gawroska-Szklarz Izabela Gutowska Dariusz Chlubek Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(2)
Hypoxia is an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. Either as chronic or cycling hypoxia, it exerts a similar effect on cancer processes by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor (NF-κB), with cycling hypoxia showing a stronger proinflammatory influence. One of the systems affected by hypoxia is the CXC chemokine system. This paper reviews all available information on hypoxia-induced changes in the expression of all CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 (IL-8), CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 (SDF-1), CXCL13, CXCL14, CXCL15, CXCL16, CXCL17) as well as CXC chemokine receptors—CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, CXCR7 and CXCR8. First, we present basic information on the effect of these chemoattractant cytokines on cancer processes. We then discuss the effect of hypoxia-induced changes on CXC chemokine expression on the angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and recruitment of various cells to the tumor niche, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Finally, the review summarizes data on the use of drugs targeting the CXC chemokine system in cancer therapies. 相似文献