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991.
Yun Liao Bing Cao Li Liu Xiandong Wu Sheng Guo Changhui Mi Kaiwen Li Meng Wang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(15):50179
Two kinds of bio-based polyurethane coatings for controlled-release urea were prepared by in-situ polymerization used castor oil and liquefied starch as raw materials, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the section morphology of castor oil based polyurethane (Castor-PU) coating was uniform and dense, and that of liquefied starch based polyurethane (Starch-PU) coating had certain proportion of microporous. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) showed that the two coatings had typical urethane characteristic structure, but the difference was that the Starch-PU had obvious unreacted isocyanate structure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the glass transition temperature of the two coatings was around 58°C, but the Castor-PU had a crystallization domain with obvious crystallization melting peak at 130°C. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that the thermal stability of Castor-PU was significantly higher than that of Starch-PU. The controlled-release property test showed that when the coating ratio was 2.8%, the nutrient release longevity of urea coated with Castor-PU was 49 days and that of urea coated with Starch-PU was 14 days. The reasons for the poor controlled-release performance of Starch-PU were analyzed, which probably caused by concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrophilic dispersant added in the liquefied starch. 相似文献
992.
Qianyu Yang Chen Gao Xuemei Zhang Xingyu Zhao Yiqing Fu Chihui Tsou Chunyan Zeng Li Yuan Zejun Pu Yiqing Xia Yuping Sheng Yu Fang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(13):50308
Shape memory hydrogels (SMHs) can fix the hydrogels in a provisional shape and restore the initial shape under external stimulation. Herein, a dual-responsive shape memory hydrogel with dual-responsive swelling and self-healing properties is presented in this work. The SMHs were fabricated by one-step emulsion copolymerization of acrylic acid (AAc), acrylamide (AAm) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA). Sodium alginate (SA) was introduced as an interpenetrating polymer in the network. With ionic cross-linking between -COO− and Fe3+ or saline-reinforced hydrophobic association, the hydrogels can be fixed in a provisional shape, which can be restored by immersing the hydrogels in vitamin C solution or pure water, respectively. When the as-prepared hydrogels were immersed in FeCl3 solutions, additional ionic cross-linking between Fe3+ and -COO− could be formed, thus constructing the dual physically cross-linked (DPC) network, which endows the hydrogels with excellent fracture stress (2.6 MPa) and toughness (5.47 MJ/m3). Besides, the reversible physical cross-linkings endowed the hydrogel with outstanding self-healing capability. Furthermore, the pH and saline responsive swelling properties of the SMHs are additional fantastic properties. Therefore, we believe that this simple strategy provides a great opportunity for the preparation of SMHs with multiple intellectual performances. 相似文献
993.
This paper proposes a method of directly modifying the surface of cotton fiber to achieve super-hydrophobic properties. The process was directly utilized the long-chain alkyl siloxane and the nano-SiO2 modified cotton cloth, which was simple to operate, low in cost and environmentally friendly. This study discussed the influence of solvent ratio, reactant content and ammonia content on hydrophobicity. The solvent ratio had the greatest influence, and the maximum water contact angle (CA) changes were70° ± 1°. The maximum water CA of the superhydrophobic cotton fabric prepared after process selection was 162 ± 1.5°; it had good acid, alkali and salt resistance. After 24 h in a solution with a pH of 1–14, CA remained almost unchanged; After 144 h in a 3.5% salt solution, CA stabilized above 132°; it had self-cleaning properties; it had good selective adsorption performance, which can quickly separate oil and water; it had good mechanical stability. After 300 times abrasion of sandpaper, which still shows hydrophobic properties. 相似文献
994.
Haodong Duan Xiaolei Xu Kangwei Leng Sheng Zhang Yuxi Han Jun Gao Qing Yu Zhongwei Wang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(31):50792
The compound (4-fluorophenyl)(phenyl) phosphine oxide (4-FPO) was designed, synthesized, and used in the modification of epoxy resin (EP). The 4-FPO-modified EP was prepared by curing the reaction mixture of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 4-FPO in the presence of 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). Compared with the unmodified EP, the limiting oxygen index value of the EP/4-FPO-0.6 (4-FPO-modified EP with 0.6 wt% of phosphorus) increased to 31.6%, and the sample achieved UL-94 V-0 rating. The peak of the heat release rate, average of the heat release rate, and total heat release of EP/4-FPO-0.6 were reduced by 39, 24, and 19%, respectively. Mechanism study showed that the quenching effect in the gas and barrier effect in the condensed phase were responsible for the enhanced flame-retardant properties of the 4-FPO-modified EP. The results showed that hydrophobicity and dielectric properties of the modified EP were clearly improved. 相似文献
995.
Huimin Zhang Dan Meng Wenjia Wang Hongfei Li Xiaoyu Gu Sheng Zhang Jun Sun Fei Xin Zuodong Qin Wufei Tang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(46):51364
A modified kaolinite by grafting with phytic acid (PA-g-Kaol) is fabricated, and it was introduced into ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) with intumescent flame retardancy (IFR) together to improve the flame retardancy of EVA composites. The results show the limiting oxygen index value of EVA/ (18.0 wt% IFR)/ (2.0 wt% PA-g-Kaol) is 30.8%. Meanwhile, there is only one dripping produced in the vertical burning test. What's more, the flame-retardant mechanism is demonstrated by TG-IR, real-time-IR and GC–MS analysis. The results indicate that some pyrolytic products of IFR and PA-g-Kaol, like ammonia and phosphoric acid, catalyze the crosslinking of EVA and flame retardant, the resultant compact char protects the substrate from further burning. 相似文献
996.
为了使攻击的后果最大化,受国家支持的攻击者可以使用时间同步的协同机制发起高度隐蔽的网络攻击,而无须进行通信。这可能会使多个变电站内的所有断路器同时跳闸,从而引发大停电。提出了一种基于时间加速的方法来检测时间同步的协同攻击。在变电站自动化系统年度检修期间,通过逐步加速系统时间来触发时间逻辑,以识别是否存在潜在的恶意软件。此外,还提出了一种基于变电站自动化系统的异步化时间同步管理方法。将根据结构脆弱性指数识别的几个关键变电站的时间保持异步。因此,这些关键变电站将不会与其他变电站一起遭受时间同步的协同攻击,并且可以大大降低相关后果。基于IEEE 39节点系统的数值模拟表明,通过使2个关键变电站保持时间异步,可以显著减少2到3个变电站的协同攻击的负荷损失,并且电网可以具备应对时间同步协同攻击的韧性。 相似文献
997.
中性点经小电阻接地风电场集电线路单相接地故障测距研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
风电场集电线路呈现多分支、多电源接入的形态。线路发生单相接地故障后,不同分支上风机依据感受到的电压降的不同而自动投入不同的低穿控制策略,从而会导致输出不同的分支电流,使得基于阻抗原理的测距方法失效。该文巧妙地利用风机箱变高压侧采用三角形接线的现实,无零序电流回路,提出基于故障区段逐次搜索的单相接地故障测距方法,并引入描述故障点弧光接地的对数电弧模型,实现了较高的测距精度。仿真算例和实际案例数据验证了算法的有效性。该算法可同时求解得到故障点电弧的长度,为后续的故障类型辨识奠定了基础。 相似文献
998.
999.
针对热集成变压精馏乙二醇脱水再生系统存在的操作不稳定等问题,基于Aspen Plus和Aspen Dynamics软件,在全流程稳态模拟的基础上,对其进行了动态模拟及控制方案优化。设计了改进型控制方案CS2,与常规控制方案CS1相比,两个塔的操作压力的控制回路是相互独立的,高压塔的塔釜液位由再沸器的导热油流量控制,低压塔的塔釜温度由塔釜的采出流量控制,再分别对进料流量和进料组成中乙二醇含量的阶跃变动的动态响应特性进行分析。结果表明,控制方案CS1基本能够抵抗进料流量和进料组成扰动对系统的影响,但相关控制响应会出现一定的滞后性,难以保证产品满足要求。改进的控制方案CS2对相同的进料流量和进料组成扰动有更好的抵抗能力,控制性能显著提高,保证乙二醇的质量分数不低88%,趋于稳定时产品质量变化幅度小于2%,且该方案在实际应用中涉及到的操作相对简单。本文为相关双塔耦合过程的稳定控制提供了一种新思路,对于双塔耦合在其他体系的工程应用也有借鉴作用。 相似文献
1000.