Co3?xMnxO4 is a bimetal oxide with excellent electrochemical activity in alkaline solution, has been regarded as a promising alternative in the field of ion-air batteries and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Herein, we report a simple solvothermal-calcination method to fabricate Co3?xMnxO4 with tunable external Co3+/Co2+ and Mn3+/Mn2+ ratio. The tunable ratio of element valence in the bimetal results in a higher exposure of active center for oxygen redox reaction (ORR), and thus lead to a better ORR activity, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations and electrochemical measurements. Specially, Co1.8Mn1.2O4 with a Co3+/Co2+ ratio of 2.08 showed an overpotential of 0.37 V at benchmark ORR current density of 3 mA/cm2 in 0.1 M KOH, which is lower than that of pure oxide (Mn3O4 0.53 V and Co3O4 0.56 V). In addition, the as prepared Co1.8Mn1.2O4 exhibited a positive half-wave potential (0.83 V vs RHE) due to their more active sites, promotes charge transfer, adsorption and desorption of oxygen species. This work provides a strategy for the design and fabrication of earth-abundant, low-cost electrocatalysts for PEMFC in practical applications.
Graphic Abstract
Co3?xMnxO4 was fabricated by tuning external Co3+/Co2+ and Mn3+/Mn2+ ratio, and the activity initially shows a positive correlation with the ration of Co3+/Co2+ in Co3?xMnxO4.
Ammonium-based ionic liquid monomers and their corresponding polymers [poly(ionic liquid)s] are synthesized and characterized for CO2 sorption. The polymers have much higher CO2 sorption capacities than the room-temperature ionic liquids and imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s. For example, P[VBTMA][PF6] with polystyrene backbone has a CO2 sorption capacity of 10.67 mol%. The CO2 sorption is selective over N2 and O2. The effects of cation, backbone, substituent, anion and crosslinking on CO2 sorption are discussed. The sorption mechanism study indicates that CO2 sorption by the poly(ionic liquid)s is a bulk and surface phenomenon. 相似文献