液闪测氡中闪烁杯的氡气泄漏

本文简要介绍了液闪测氡中氡气自闪烁杯泄漏的实验结果。实验中对三种玻璃闪烁杯盖的密封性能作了检查,结果表明,这三种闪烁杯均不能满足液闪法测氡中对氡的密封要求。采用一层1mm 厚的橡胶垫片和一层0.01mm 厚的铝化聚脂膜作衬垫,代替原来的聚乙烯或纸板衬垫,解决了其中两种闪烁杯的氡气泄漏问题。建议在使用商品闪烁杯测氡时,应首先检查其对氡的密封性,必要时需采取补救措施,以保证测量结果的可靠性。     

45% efficient silicon photovoltaic cell under monochromatic light

Improvements in the performance of silicon photovoltaic cells for solar applications are adapted for nonsolar photovoltaic applications. Improved monochromatic light efficiencies above 45% are reported including efficiencies close to 40% for relatively long-wavelength (1.064 μm) light as produced by neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers     

中小油田集输站含油污水除油技术研究及应用

华东石油局的各中小油田分散于苏北河网地区,采油污水难以集中处理。根据这一特点,研制出了一套三级粗粒化油水分离处理装置。该装置实现了污水供给、废油回收、水温防冻电加热、水质含油浓度自检、达标排放自动化,形成了一套较适用于中、小油田的采油污水除油处理技术。     

Nd3+ Doped Silicate Glass Photonic Crystal Fiber with Random Hole Distributions

The fabrication of one kind of large core area Nd3 doped silicate glass photonic crystal fiber, and demonstration of the fiber's waveguidence properties were reported. This fiber owns a random air hole distribution in the cladding. The measured minimum loss of this kind of fiber is 10 dB·m-1 at 660 nm. These fibers can sustain only a single mode at least over wavelength ranging from 660 nm to 980 nm.     

Nucleotide sequence and genome structure of mink enteritis virus

Diabetes mellitus is a common disease. It affects multiple organ systems. Adverse effects of hyperglycemia on infection, fracture healing, and bone remodeling have been recently reported. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of 93 total hip arthroplasties in 78 consecutive patients with diabetes. All femoral components were cemented using contemporary cementing techniques. Prophylactic antibiotics were given in each case. The mean follow-up period was 4.1 years (range, 2-6.5 years). Ninety-six percent of the hips were rated excellent or good. Radiolucencies were observed in only 3.7% of the stems, while 22.2% of the cups showed radiolucencies. There was a 4% revision incidence. There was no postoperative infection in this series--a distinct improvement from previously reported series. However, complications remained high at 24.3%. The most frequent complication was urinary tract infection (14.2%). The most serious complication was myocardial infarction. The authors believe total hip arthroplasty can be safely performed in patients with diabetes, provided that adequate medical and follow-up evaluations are performed. The medium-term clinical and radiographic follow-up evaluations are not inferior to reported series in patients without diabetes.     

Nickel and chromium cycles: Stocks and flows project part IV

Nickel and chromium are essential ingredients in alloys increasingly important for energy-efficient, environmentally friendly modern technology. Quantitative assessment of the flows of these metals through the world economy from resource extraction to final disposal informs resource policy, energy planning, environmental science, and waste management. This article summarizes the worldwide technological cycles of nickel and chromium in 2000. Stainless steel is the major use of these metals, but they serve numerous other special needs, as in superalloys for high-temperature service, as plating materials, and in coinage. Because they are used primarily in alloys, novel recycling issues arise as their use becomes more widespread. “... the great New York and St. Louis double track, nickel plated railroad...” — Norwalk, Ohio, Chronicle 10 March 1881 announces arrival of surveyors for the future Nickel Plate Railway “Later [1911] I formed an alloy of Iron and Chromium, which showed remarkable resistance to rust and tarnish ... [It was] rediscovered by an Englishman named Brearley, in 1914.” —Elwood Haynes to Stephen F. Roberts, 17 January 1925     

Influence of the silicon surface treatment by plasma etching and scratching on the nucleation of diamond grown in HFCVD - a comparative study

A comparative study for the nucleation of diamond was carried out using surface treatment like (i) surface scratching with 1 μm diamond paste and (ii) surface etching using chlorine plasma at different RF powers (50, 100 and 150 W). Atomic force microscopic study shows variation in roughness from 31 nm to 110 nm. Scratching results in random scratches, whereas plasma etches a surface uniformly. Scanning electron microscopic observations show well faceted crystallites with a predominance of angular shaped grains corresponding to 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 crystallite surfaces for the scratched as well as plasma etched substrate. Surface etching at 150 W plasma power results in a better growth in comparison with 50 and 100 W plasma powers. Chlorine-radical is found responsible for the changes in the growth morphology. Raman spectroscopy shows a sharp peak at 1,332 cm⁻¹ and a peak at ∼1,580 cm⁻¹ for both samples.     

One‐step production of 2,3‐butanediol from starch by secretory over‐expression of amylase in Klebsiella pneumoniae

BACKGROUND: 2,3‐Butanediol (2,3‐BD) is a valuable chemical that can be biosynthesized from many kinds of substrates. For commercial biological production of 2,3‐BD, it is desirable to use cheap substrate without pretreatment, such as starch. However, there have been few reports on the production of 2,3‐BD directly from starch. RESULTS: In this work, gene malS coding for α‐amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) precursor was inserted into plasmid pUC18K, and secretory over‐expression of α‐amylase was achieved by engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae. The extracellular recombinant amylase accelerated the hydrolyzation of starch, and one‐step production of 2,3‐BD from starch was carried out by engineered K. pneumoniae. A 2,3‐BD concentration of 3.8 g L^?1 and yield of 0.19 g 2,3‐BD g^?1 starch were obtained after 24 h fermentation. CONCLUSION: The one‐step production of 2,3‐BD from starch was achieved by secretory over‐expression of amylase in K. pneumoniae. This would simplify the process and reduce the production cost considerably by enabling use of starch with minimal pretreatment. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry