Dream patterns in Anglo and Chicano young adults

This study is the conclusion of an exploratory cross-cultural investigation of dream content and organization. Following our report in "Ego Modalities in the Manifest Dreams of Male and Female Chicanos," (Brenneis and Roll, 1975), this paper examines differences in the organization and content of dreams: (1) between Anglo men and women; (2) between Anglo and Chicano men and Anglo and Chicano women; and (3) between Anglos and Chicanos.     

The thymic way to transplantation tolerance

Within the past three decades, extensive research has been carried out with the aim to prevent graft rejection by minimizing the side effects related to the use of immunosuppressants. The major goal in transplantation research remains the development of strategies that would allow one to achieve a state of donor-specific unresponsiveness in order to promote a condition of true tolerance without the need of immunosuppressants. Recent evidence has been provided that this is a pursuing goal, at least in experimental animals. The thymus plays the major role in the development of self-tolerance, and initial work in the late 1960s indicated that the thymus also plays a critical role in the induction of acquired tolerance to exogenous antigens. Recently, the interest in acquired thymic tolerance has been renewed by the observation that, in the rat, the thymus is an immunologically privileged site in which isolated pancreatic islets can be engrafted and survive indefinitely. Moreover, intrathymic injection of the islets induced donor-specific unresponsiveness, which allowed survival of a second donor-strain islet cell allograft transplanted into an extrathymic site. These findings on cellular allografts have been extended to vascularized organ allografts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Simulated influence of postweaning production system on performance of different biological types of cattle: III. Biological efficiency

Methods were developed and incorporated into a previously published computer model to predict ME intake and calculate biological efficiencies in terms of grams of empty BW (EBW) and fat-free matter (FFM) gained/megacalorie of ME consumed from weaning to slaughter. Efficiencies were calculated for steers from F1 crosses of 16 sire breeds (Hereford, Angus, Jersey, South Devon, Limousin, Simmental, Charolais, Red Poll, Brown Swiss, Gelbvieh, Maine Anjou, Chianina, Brahman, Sahiwal, Pinzgauer, and Tarentaise) mated to Hereford and Angus dams, grown under nine backgrounding systems, finished at either a low (1.0 kg) or high (1.36 kg) ADG, and slaughtered at 300 kg carcass weight, small or greater degree of marbling, and 28% carcass fat. Backgrounding systems were high ADG (.9 kg) for 111, 167, or 222 d, medium ADG (.5 kg) for 200, 300, or 400 d, and low ADG (.25 kg) for 300 or 400 d, and 0 d backgrounding. The high ADG finishing system was more biologically efficient than the low ADG finishing system, and generally backgrounding systems were less biologically efficient than direct finishing after weaning (0 d backgrounding). Large-framed breeds were more efficient at the constant carcass weight and carcass fatness end point, and breeds that achieved the marbling end point at low levels of carcass fatness were more efficient at this end point. Some small-framed breeds gained EBW more efficiently but gained FFM less efficiently than some of the large-framed breeds. Variation in efficiency between genotypes was greatest with 0 d backgrounding and decreased in the other backgrounding systems.     

Assessment of popliteal arterial occlusive disease with 2D time-of-flight MRA

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate both morphology and blood flow in peripheral arteries with occlusive lesions using MR angiography (MRA) and velocity-encoded cine MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-dimensional time-of-flight MRA and velocity-encoded cine MRI were performed in nine patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Findings on MR angiograms were verified by conventional angiography. RESULTS: All the stenotic lesions in the popliteal arteries were depicted by MRA. The degree of the stenoses in the artery was overestimated by MRA. Major collateral circulations were demonstrated. Velocity-encoded cine MRI provided flow velocity information on the arteries above and below the stenoses. The flow velocity waveform was monophasic above and below the stenosis. The peak systolic velocity in the artery below the stenosis was reduced compared with that above the stenosis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of MRA and velocity-encoded cine MRI has clinical potential for the evaluation of peripheral arterial occlusive disease.     

The effectiveness and safety of low dose pravastatin in elderly hypertensive hypercholesterolemic subjects on antihypertensive therapy

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose (10 mg) pravastatin in hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive elderly subjects undergoing antihypertensive treatment, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 6-month trial was conducted. The subjects had a total plasma cholesterol of at least 250 mg/dL and had been, for at least 3 months, consuming a standard lipid-lowering diet (American Heart Association Step 1 Diet). Sixty elderly hypertensive patients randomly received placebo (n = 30) or pravastatin (n = 30) treatment. The dosage consisted of 10 mg of pravastatin daily during the 6-month trial. Over that period, in the pravastatin group, plasma levels of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol significantly (P < .01) dropped (-20% and -25%, respectively) compared to the placebo group. The plasma level of HDL-cholesterol increased (+5%) while triglycerides slightly decreased (-8%) (P < .05). No serious side effects occurred, and pravastatin was generally tolerated. Fasting hyperinsulinemia (11.0 +/- 0.8 v 9.3 +/- 0.7 microU/mL; P = .06) also improved, although not significantly, after 6 months of pravastatin therapy. Results from this study confirmed that a low dose (10 mg) of pravastatin daily is a safe and effective method of reducing plasma total and LDL-cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive elderly patients who are on concurrent antihypertensive drug therapy.