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排序方式: 共有261条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Magnetic effects at the interface between non-magnetic oxides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Brinkman A Huijben M van Zalk M Huijben J Zeitler U Maan JC van der Wiel WG Rijnders G Blank DH Hilgenkamp H 《Nature materials》2007,6(7):493-496
The electronic reconstruction at the interface between two insulating oxides can give rise to a highly conductive interface. Here we show how, in analogy to this remarkable interface-induced conductivity, magnetism can be induced at the interface between the otherwise non-magnetic insulating perovskites SrTiO3 and LaAlO3. A large negative magnetoresistance of the interface is found, together with a logarithmic temperature dependence of the sheet resistance. At low temperatures, the sheet resistance reveals magnetic hysteresis. Magnetic ordering is a key issue in solid-state science and its underlying mechanisms are still the subject of intense research. In particular, the interplay between localized magnetic moments and the spin of itinerant conduction electrons in a solid gives rise to intriguing many-body effects such as Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interactions, the Kondo effect and carrier-induced ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors. The conducting oxide interface now provides a versatile system to induce and manipulate magnetic moments in otherwise non-magnetic materials. 相似文献
42.
Topical treatment of normal skin with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] or its synthetic analogs results in enhanced keratinocyte proliferation. Autocrine growth factors belonging to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family play a major role in controlling keratinocyte proliferation. 1,25-(OH)2D3 enhanced the autonomous proliferation of HaCaT human keratinocytes in the absence of exogenous growth factors. Autonomous and 1,25-(OH)2D3-stimulated proliferations were inhibited by a specific inhibitor of EGF receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, an EGFR-neutralizing antibody, heparin, the heparin antagonist hexadimethrine, and the proteoglycan sulfation inhibitor chlorate. These results indicate the involvement of proteoglycan-dependent EGFR ligands. The initial events in EGFR (i.e. ErbB1) mitogenic signal transduction are dimer formation with another ErbB protein and tyrosine cross-phosphorylation. By immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting we showed that ErbB1/ErbB3 heterodimers are the major mitogenic signaling entity in 1,25-(OH)2D3-stimulated cells. 1,25-(OH)2D3 did not affect the levels of the proteoglycan-dependent EGFR ligands amphiregulin and heparin-binding EGF nor the synthesis of proteoglycans, as assessed by 35S labeling and ion exchange chromatography. 1,25-(OH)2D3 caused a marked increase in the cellular contents of ErbB1, ErbB2, and ErbB3 proteins. The increase in ErbB proteins that mediates signal transduction by EGFR ligands can account for the stimulatory effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on autonomous keratinocyte proliferation. 相似文献
43.
Tao Hong Shiwoo Lee Paul Ohodnicki Kyle Brinkman 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2017,42(39):24978-24988
This work demonstrated a highly scalable spray coating process for cathode infiltration with excellent long-term stability for the oxygen reduction reaction. Barium carbonate (BaCO3) nanoparticles have previously demonstrated excellent catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction and were chosen as a model system to be applied by spray coating onto La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) and LSCF-SDC (Sm0.2Ce0.8O2-δ) cathode materials. In this work, barium acetate solutions were modified by a surfactant to lower the surface tension and decrease the contact angle on LSCF which is a benefit for the infiltration process. In the LSCF electrode, BaCO3 nano-particles exhibited significant interfacial contact with LSCF particles by the spray coating technique. As a result, the polarization resistance of BaCO3 infiltrated LSCF was reduced from 2.5 to 1.2 Ωcm2 at 700 °C. In addition, commercial full cell SOFCs with BaCO3 infiltrated LSCF-SDC cathodes also demonstrated higher performance due to the reduced cathode resistance. At 750 °C, the electrode overpotential of the BaCO3 infiltrated cell was much lower than that of baseline cell during long term testing (500 h). The polarization resistance of the BaCO3 infiltrated LSCF-SDC electrode only increased by 1.6% after 500 h. 相似文献
44.
Huijben M Rijnders G Blank DH Bals S Van Aert S Verbeeck J Van Tendeloo G Brinkman A Hilgenkamp H 《Nature materials》2006,5(7):556-560
Perovskite oxides exhibit a plethora of exceptional properties, providing the basis for novel concepts of oxide-electronic devices. The interest in these materials is even extended by the remarkable characteristics of their interfaces. Studies on single epitaxial connections between the wide-bandgap insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 have revealed them to be either high-mobility electron conductors or insulating, depending on the atomic stacking sequences. For device applications, as well as for a basic understanding of the interface conduction mechanism, it is important to investigate the electronic coupling of closely spaced complementary interfaces. Here we report the successful realization of such coupled interfaces in SrTiO3-LaAlO3 thin-film multilayer structures. We found a critical separation distance of six perovskite unit cell layers, corresponding to approximately 23 A, below which a decrease of the interface conductivity and carrier density occurs. Interestingly, the high carrier mobilities characterizing the separate conducting interfaces are found to be maintained in coupled structures down to subnanometre interface spacing. 相似文献
45.
Fei Zhao Qiang Liu Siwei Wang Kyle Brinkman Fanglin Chen 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2010
The morphological and electrical properties of yttrium (Y) and indium (In) doped barium cerate perovskites of the form BaIn0.3−xYxCe0.7O3−δ (with x = 0–0.3) prepared by a modified Pechini method were investigated as potential high temperature proton conductors with improved chemical stability and conductivity. The sinterability increased with the increase of In-doping, and the perovskite phase was found in the BaIn0.3−xYxCe0.7O3−δ solid solutions over the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3. The conductivities decreased from x = 0.3 to 0 while the tolerance to wet CO2 improved for BaIn0.3−xYxCe0.7O3−δ samples with an increase of In-doping. BaIn0.1Y0.2Ce0.7O3−δ was found to have relatively high conductivity as well as acceptable wet CO2 stability. 相似文献
46.
47.
48.
E. D. Jones J. C. Clark J. Malzbender J. B. Mullin N. Shaw A. W. Brinkman 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1995,24(5):581-585
Studies on the diffusion of iodine and zinc into CdTe are reported. Each iodine profile was divided up into four distinct
regions and described mathematically by a function consisting of the sum of four complementary error functions. When plotted
on an Arrhenius graph, the diffusivities gave four straight line relationships with similar slopes and the Arrhenius parameters
for the fastest component of D01 = (7 ±3). 10-11 cm2 s-1 and E1 = (0.21 ±0.05) eV. When extrapolated down to 20°C this gave a diffusivity of 10-14 cm2 s-1 indicating that when iodine is diffused from the vapor it is not suitable as a long term stable dopant in devices where sharp
impurity profiles are required. In the case of the zinc diffusions, each profile can be divided into two parts and was fitted
satisfactorily by the sum of two complementary error functions giving two values of the diffusivities: Dslow due to zinc diffusion into the slice from the vapor and Dfast due to interdiffusion between a surface layer of Znx Cd1-x Te formed on the slice and the remaining CdTe. 相似文献
49.
Crash costs and safety investment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Injury crashes cost society more than $34 billion annually. Expending up to $2.3 million to prevent one fatal crash appears to be rational public policy, although the crash costs society only $500,000. Prevention of severe, nonfatal head and spinal cord injuries warrants even larger expenditures. The estimated rational investment to prevent an average nonfatal injury crash is $22,000, while society's cost is $8,000. Rational investment levels for increased safety are estimated by summing the amount individuals typically pay for small increases in their safety and the cost the rest of society bears when someone is killed or injured, including transfer payments. 相似文献
50.
F Broly D Marez N Sabbagh M Legrand S Millecamps JM Lo Guidice P Boone UA Meyer 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,5(6):373-384
To detect mutations in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene (CYP2D6), we developed a strategy based on single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The efficiency of the method was evaluated by analysing DNA samples from extensive metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers (PM) of debrisoquine. Haplotypes, alleles and mutations of CYP2D6 had previously been characterized in each individual using PCR assays, Xba I restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing. PCR-SSCP results were in complete agreement with those obtained using established methods. All previously characterized mutations were associated with particular shifts in the electrophoretic mobility of DNA fragments allowing their identification. We further tested the efficiency of PCR-SSCP for detecting new CYP2D6 mutations. DNA from a PM subject presumed to carry an unknown non-functional mutant allele of CYP2D6 was amplified and bands with aberrant migration patterns were observed on SSCP gels. Sequence analysis of the corresponding DNA fragments revealed the causative mutations. In this way, a novel non-functional allele of the gene, carrying three previously reported mutations and a new mutation in the third exon which results in a premature termination codon, was characterized. Finally, CYP2D6 SSCP analysis was performed on DNA amplified with fluorescent primers and an automated DNA sequencer was used for SSCP analysis of products. We conclude that the PCR-SSCP approach is a powerful method of identifying simultaneously known and new mutations of the CYP2D6 gene. 相似文献