Phonemic analysis and synthesis as word-attack skills.

40 4-yr-olds were randomly assigned either to a group that received phonic blend training or to a group that did not. Half in each group were proficient at segmenting syllables into individual speech sounds. After demonstrating their ability to discriminate among letterlike forms, all Ss were trained to read from left to right, then to associate a different sound with each of the letterlike forms, and finally were given 2 paired-associate lists in which stimuli were pairs of letterlike forms and responses were common English words with a 1:1 letter-sound correspondence. Ss proficient at phonemic analysis performed better on both lists. Phonic blend training improved performance on the 2nd list only for Ss proficient at phonemic analysis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Photodegradation of the Lampricide 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol (TFM) 1. Pathway of the Direct Photolysis in Solution

Solutions of TFM (3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) in distilled and in two Lake Ontario tributary stream waters were exposed to spring and fall natural sunlight in Pyrex glass containers. TFM degraded in the natural stream waters with a half-life of about 3 days. The principle identified photoproduct is shown to be gentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid). A second major photoproduct is believed to be a condensation product of TFM and gentisic acid (molecular weight 371). Structures based on mass spectra are proposed for four other photoproducts. A photolysis pathway is proposed in which the primary degrdation route leads to polymeric, humic acid-like material.     

High power13C16O2laser with three-mirror cavity

A tunable, high power¹³C¹⁶O2laser with a three-mirror cavity consisting of two dielectric mirrors and a grating is investigated. The combination of a dielectric mirror and the grating reduces the cavity optical loss and, in this way, an output power of over 25 W is obtained in a single line for a 100 cm long sealed-off discharge tube.     

Reliability Evaluation and Prediction for Discrete Semiconductors

The use of accelerated step-stress and constant stress-in-time test techniques is demonstrated for generating models for predicting reliability at use conditions. Reliability prediction models were obtained for a signal diode, signal and power transistors, silicon trolled rectifier, and metal oxide varistor. Each of these device types follows the Arrhenius model for reliability prediction. Techniques are demonstrated for determining 1) the acceleration factor between extremely high acceleration testing conditions and field operating conditions on the signal diode; and 2) the acceleration or multiplying factor between high level stresses and use conditions which can be used to predict the performance of the signal diode over time. The effect of relative humidity on reliability is discussed. Devices under power operation have a lower relative humidity (RH) than the environment. This low RH suppresses humidity activated mechanisms. A transistor high-reliability screen which removes devices with early manufacturing type defects is described. This screen was effective, efficient and economical for improving the reliability of systems. A technique of combining acceleration factors for a number of items which affect reliability was demonstrated for the diode. This same technique should be useful for most device reliability predictions. The acceleration factors, however, can not be extrapolated into stress levels much above maximum ratings where new failure modes may appear that override the established failure rate relation with stress. The straight line plots of failure rates in this paper are terminated before these threshold limits.     

Absorption of sound in helium vapor

We have studied the absorption of sound in helium vapor using a broad band heat pulse technique. The results are in good accord with classical hydrodynamics and with experimental values of the viscosity and thermal conductivity.Work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR77-25715.     

An improved culture flask for photographic and visual observation of living cell cultures

C1t is a 9.5 S alpha1 glycoprotein that has been shown to be a fourth subcomponent of the first component of complement. The m.w. of C1t was found to be 233,000 by sedimentation equilibrium in the ultracentrifuge. A subunit m.w. of 23,000 was obtained by sedimentation equilibrium in 5.95 M guanidinium chloride. No change in either m.w. was produced by prior reduction and alkylation. In the electron microscope characteristic pentagonal figures of 85 A diameter were observed together with rod-like figures which appear to be stacked assemblies of the pentagonal figures. These observations lead us to propose that C1t is a noncovalent, decameric protein with the subunits disposed at the vertices of two regular pentagons joined at one of their faces. A possible relationship between C1t and the P-component of amyloid is discussed.