全文获取类型
收费全文 | 26713篇 |
免费 | 1593篇 |
国内免费 | 74篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 413篇 |
综合类 | 29篇 |
化学工业 | 6067篇 |
金属工艺 | 1079篇 |
机械仪表 | 1628篇 |
建筑科学 | 523篇 |
矿业工程 | 8篇 |
能源动力 | 1140篇 |
轻工业 | 2235篇 |
水利工程 | 111篇 |
石油天然气 | 18篇 |
武器工业 | 2篇 |
无线电 | 4381篇 |
一般工业技术 | 5800篇 |
冶金工业 | 1794篇 |
原子能技术 | 347篇 |
自动化技术 | 2805篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 25篇 |
2023年 | 318篇 |
2022年 | 475篇 |
2021年 | 809篇 |
2020年 | 586篇 |
2019年 | 604篇 |
2018年 | 847篇 |
2017年 | 799篇 |
2016年 | 932篇 |
2015年 | 728篇 |
2014年 | 1142篇 |
2013年 | 1660篇 |
2012年 | 1796篇 |
2011年 | 2187篇 |
2010年 | 1604篇 |
2009年 | 1655篇 |
2008年 | 1507篇 |
2007年 | 1209篇 |
2006年 | 1024篇 |
2005年 | 917篇 |
2004年 | 800篇 |
2003年 | 728篇 |
2002年 | 740篇 |
2001年 | 625篇 |
2000年 | 545篇 |
1999年 | 511篇 |
1998年 | 826篇 |
1997年 | 524篇 |
1996年 | 472篇 |
1995年 | 317篇 |
1994年 | 215篇 |
1993年 | 193篇 |
1992年 | 137篇 |
1991年 | 118篇 |
1990年 | 92篇 |
1989年 | 107篇 |
1988年 | 91篇 |
1987年 | 76篇 |
1986年 | 58篇 |
1985年 | 52篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 37篇 |
1982年 | 38篇 |
1981年 | 31篇 |
1980年 | 30篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 27篇 |
1976年 | 39篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
H. M. Park M. C. Sung 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2004,60(12):1949-1968
The Karhunen–Loève Galerkin procedure is employed to solve an inverse radiation problem of determining the time‐varying strength of a heat source, which mimics flames in a furnace, from temperature measurements in three‐dimensional participating media where radiation and conduction occur simultaneously. The inverse radiation problem is solved through the minimization of a performance function, which is expressed by the sum of square residuals between calculated and observed temperature, using a conjugate gradient method. Through the Karhunen–Loève Galerkin procedure, one can represent the system dynamics with a minimum degree of freedom, and consequently the amount of computation required in the solution of the inverse problem is reduced drastically when the present technique is adopted. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
72.
A new prediction method with an interior light sensor for the workplane illuminance in daylighting control systems is introduced. Based on radiosity theory, the spatial distributions of daylight and electric light in the space are discussed and the prediction method is developed. An experimental verification of the technique is performed in an outdoor test-room for a double-glazed window system with a motorized venetian blind integrated between the two glazings. Electric light and daylight predictions were performed in accordance with the proposed method. The results showed that the electric light workplane illuminance can be predicted with high accuracy (±5 lux error with a linear correlation) and that the daylight workplane illuminance can be predicted within ±20 lux (with a linear correlation) for any sky conditions (overcast, clear sky, or variable) with the window system controlled to prevent direct daylight transmission. This method is useful for integrated control of motorized daylighting devices and dimmable electric lights. 相似文献
73.
S H Yoon J H Collins D Musale S Sundararajan S P Tsai G A Hallsby J F Kong J Koppes P Cachia 《Water science and technology》2005,51(6-7):151-157
A newly developed membrane performance enhancer (MPE) was used to prevent membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) process. It transpired that 1,000 mg/l of MPE reduced polysaccharide levels from 41 mg/I to 21 mg/I on average under the experimental condition. Repeated experiments also confirmed that 50-1,000 mg/l of MPE could reduce membrane fouling significantly and increase the intervals between membrane cleanings. Depending on MPE dosages and experimental conditions, trans-membrane pressure (TMP) increase was suppressed for 20-30 days, while baseline TMP surged within a few days. In addition, MPE allowed MBR operation even at 50,000 mg/l of total solid and reduced permeate COD. However, no evidence of toxicity for sludge was found from respiratory works. 相似文献
74.
Wastewater discharge from coal refining plants contains a number of biologically toxic compounds; 2000-2500 mg/l of COD of which 40% is composed of phenol, 100-400 mg/l of thiocyanate, 10-40 mg/l of cyanide, 100-250 mg/l of NH4+-N and 150-300 mg/l of total nitrogen. In order to treat this kind of high strength wastewater, we have developed a high performance biofilm process using fluidizing bio-carriers of the tube chip type. The fluidizing biofilm carriers are made of a composite of polyethylene and several inorganic materials, whose density is controlled at 0.97-0.98 g/ml. The fluidizing biofilm carriers show sound fluidization characteristics inside bioreactors. The wastewater is treated using three consecutive series reactors in oxic-anoxic-oxic arrangement. Each reactor is charged with the fluidizing biofilm carriers of 50 vol%. Furthermore, newly cultured active microorganisms for the thiocyanate biodegradation are added in the biofilm process. At total hydraulic retention time of 2.2 days, this process can achieve steady state removal efficiencies: COD, 99%; thiocyanate, 99%; NH4+-N, 99% and total nitrogen, 90%. 相似文献
75.
The optical character of waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) is of concern for several reasons. Algal photosynthesis, which produces oxygen for waste oxidation in WSPs, is influenced by attenuation of sunlight in ponds. Disinfection in WSPs is influenced by optical characteristics because solar UV exposure usually dominates inactivation. The optical nature of WSPs effluent also affects assimilation by receiving waters. Despite the importance of light behaviour in WSPs, few studies have been made of their optical characteristics. We discuss simple optical measures suitable for routine monitoring of WSPs (including at sites remote from laboratories): optical density of filtrates - an index of dissolved coloured organic (humic) matter, visual clarity - to provide an estimate of the beam attenuation coefficient (a fundamental quantity needed for optical modelling) colour (hue) - as an indicator of general WSP 'condition' and irradiance attenuation quantifying depth of light penetration. The value of optical characterisation of WSPs is illustrated with reference to optical data for WSPs in NZ (including high-rate algal ponds) treating dairy cattle wastewater versus domestic sewage. We encourage increased research on optical characteristics of WSPs and the incorporation of optical measures in monitoring and modelling of WSP performance. 相似文献
76.
Dielectric reliability in Al2O3(2–3.1nm)–HfO2(3nm) stack capacitor with Metal–Insulator–Si(MIS) structure is investigated in this paper. We propose an optimized capacitor process through the Time–Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB) data under various process conditions. Furthermore, due to asymmetric current at both negative and positive voltage stress polarities, we show different lifetime extrapolation by a fluence–driven model. As a result, the maximum allowed operating voltage is projected to be 1.7V (failure rate 10ppm during 10year @ 85°C) for Data “0” retention lifetime. 相似文献
77.
A practical resource management method that can significantly reduce cochannel interference (CCI) and improve spectrum utilisation in FH-OFDMA packet-based cellular networks is presented. The proposed method seeks an effective combination of dynamic resource allocation with fractional coding and bit loading to respectively minimise CCI and maximise system throughput for a desired performance. 相似文献
78.
Shinsook Yoon Mi-Kyoung Kim In-Young Lee Mikyung Yun Jeong E. Nam Shin 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(6):759-764
We have developed a mutant strain derived from Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750, which produces a water-soluble polysaccharide having potential utility to the food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A high concentration of product (15 g/L) is obtained by 48 h cultivation of the mutant strain under optimized fermentation conditions. The water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from cultures of the mutant strain beta82 has Glc:Man:Gal in approximate molar ratios of 5.8:6.7:1.0. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was determined to be approximately 1000 kDa by HPSEC analysis. Linkage analysis contained 3-Glcp, 3-Manp, terminal Glcp and terminal Manp, as well as a small proportion of 3- and 3,4-Galp, and 4,6-Manp residues. Based on analyses using FT-IR and 13C NMR spectrometers, most glycosidic bonds joining these sugar residues are of the α-type, and acetyl groups are apparently attached to the polymer chain at random. 相似文献
79.
Effects of surfactant/silica and silica/cerium ratios on the characteristics of mesoporous Ce-MCM-41
Se Ho Park Bo Yune Song Tai Gyu Lee 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(2):261-264
Using the surfactant CTMABr (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) and cerium(IV) sulfate, mesoporous Ce-MCM-41 molecular sieves were produced under a hydrothermal condition with various surfactant/silica (surfactant/Si) and silica/cerium (Si/Ce) ratios. Changes to the structural traits caused by changing the molar ratios of both surfactant/Si and Si/Ce were investigated. XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and SEM (scanning electro microscopy) were used for the characterization of prepared mesoporous samples. Among the tested molar ratios, surfactant/Si ratio of 0.5 and 0.2 showed highest values of d1 0 0 and intensity, respectively, for the Si-MCM-41. XRD analysis also identified a quintessential hexagonal structure of Ce-MCM-41 for the Si/Ce molar ratio higher than 40 (maintaining the surfactant/Si ratio at 0.2). When cerium content was increased to have the Si/Ce molar ratio of 20, the hexagonal structure of Ce-MCM-41 was collapsed due to the structural stress of substituted cerium. FT-IR results confirmed calcination of Ce-MCM-41 and the incorporation of Ce4+ ions of cerium sulfate into the silica surface with proper removal of the surfactant. Rod-like shape with rounded edges of the prepared Ce-MCM-41 samples was identified by SEM. These results suggest surfactant/Si ratio of 0.2 and Si/Ce ratio of 40 for the production of Ce-MCM-41 with the highest level of crystallinity. 相似文献
80.
Yong Bae Park Keum Cheol Hwang Ikmo Park 《Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, IEEE》2008,18(3):152-154
A tapered coaxial tip in a parallel plate waveguide is investigated. A boundary-value problem of electromagnetic scattering from a tapered coaxial monopole is solved rigorously based on the Fourier transform, eigenfunction expansion, and mode matching. Scattering parameters are represented in a series and computed to understand the behavior of the scattering in terms of the coaxial tip geometry. 相似文献