菱镁制品低温早强促凝剂作用机理分析

菱镁胶凝材料在20℃以上的生产环境具有快硬的特点,但在环境温度低于15℃时,1d的硬化强度只有28d的10%,低于5℃时存在无法脱模的问题。为使菱镁制品能在较低温度下正常生产,试验研制出一种菱镁制品低温早强促凝剂。介绍该早强促凝剂的作用机理、技术性能、掺量特点及在低温生产环境下促进菱镁制品强度发展的作用。     

电力系统动态过程的柔性自校正仿真方法

电力系统动态过程仿真的效率和数值稳定性常常受到刚性的困扰。通过对非线性动态系统刚性特征的分析和再思考指出：刚性时空分布的局部性为柔性化提供了基础。其次，文中提出了自适应柔性分组策略和具有自校正积分措施的变量组协调策略。通过对变量组别划分、相对步长因子调整、最小积分步长调整3种自适应策略的统一处理,可以动态地控制变量组别的变化和积分步长的调整，在保证精度的前提下放开了较慢变量的步长，避免了传统方法所有变量采用相同步长进行积分导致计算效率低下的缺陷，克服了现有变量分组方法难以做到同时自适应调整多个控制参量的不足，使计算效率得到了显著提高。     

Intraperitoneal rupture of ectopic varices--a rare complication of portal hypertension

A 50 year old man presented with sudden abdominal pain, abdominal distension and shock. At emergency laparotomy a large amount of blood was found in the peritoneal cavity. There was micronodular cirrhosis of the liver and the spleen was enlarged. The bleeding was traced to distended veins in the right paracolic gutter which were oversewn and the abdomen closed. A coagulopathy was diagnosed and treatment including high dose aprotinin commenced. However, he continued to bleed and at a second laparotomy the area of previous haemorrhage was packed. Further deterioration continued until death 12 hours later. Intraperitoneal haemorrhage from ectopic varices is a rare occurrence. There is a high mortality rate usually due to an advanced coagulopathy. This is the first report of aprotinin being used in an attempt to treat this. On the basis of this report aprotinin would not seem to be of benefit for this condition.     

Benchmarking of electricity networks: Practical problems with its use for regulation

Benchmarking is a technique derived for management purposes, intended to identify outliers in any population as possible problems for resolution. Several regulatory agencies have tried to use benchmarking to define the degree of inefficiency of regulated companies, by reference to some target or frontier. This paper identifies the main problem inherent in trying to adapt a management technique to a regulatory purpose – namely that it requires the exercise of subjective judgements. The resulting lack of predictability and objectivity is not conducive to the provision of efficient regulatory incentives.This paper explains where subjective judgement enters into regulatory applications of benchmarking, which is not always apparent. The choice of model and selection of data sets are two obvious areas, but the main problem arises over the assumption that any costs not explained by the model must be due to inefficiency. Such assumptions are simply unsupported by evidence and lead to cost targets (or cost reduction targets defined over several years) that are little better than subjective guesses. There are other, superior ways to set cost reduction targets, based on long-term trends in total factor productivity for the regulated sector, which are used in the US and in other countries. However, some regulators feel obliged to use benchmarking and the paper concludes with recommendations as to how benchmarking should support further and more objective investigations into the costs of regulated utilities.     

New energy transfer dyes for DNA sequencing

We have synthesized a set of four energy transfer dyes and demonstrated their use in automated DNA sequencing. The donor dyes are the 5- or 6-carboxy isomers of 4'-aminomethylfluorescein and the acceptor dyes are a novel set of four 4,7-dichloro-substituted rhodamine dyes which have narrower emission spectra than the standard, unsubstituted rhodamines. A rigid amino acid linker, 4-aminomethylbenzoic acid, was used to separate the dyes. The brightness of each dye in an automated sequencing instrument equipped with a dual line argon ion laser (488 and 514 nm excitation) was 2-2.5 times greater than the standard dye-primers with a 2 times reduction in multicomponent noise. The overall improvement in signal-to-noise was 4- to 5-fold. The utility of the new dye set was demonstrated by sequencing of a BAC DNA with an 80 kb insert. Measurement of the extinction coefficients and the relative quantum yields of the dichlororhodamine components of the energy transfer dyes showed their values were reduced by 20-25% compared with the dichlororhodamine dyes alone.     

An object design framework for structural engineering

Object-oriented principles have introduced several useful concepts for developing complex software systems. As a result, several methodologies have been suggested for the overall design of software systems based on these concepts. Methodologies and frameworks for designing objects that are to be part of the software systems are currently lacking. This paper proposes anobject design framework andmethodology, which utilizes the object-oriented concepts, for planning, organizing and designing structural engineering design objects. Design objects in an integrated structural engineering system are complex and often related to each other in various different ways. The paper also identifies several important relationships among structural engineering design objects. These relationships serve as communication channels through wich design objects send messages to and receive responses from each other. Several examples, drawn from reinforced concrete structures, will be presented to demonstrate the object design methodology and to illustrate how the framework is effective in reducing the complexity of design objects in an integrated structural engineering system.     

多功能新材质屋面板设计施工

通过设计一种具有透明、保温、防水、防腐等多功能,且自重仅为原预应力砼屋面板10%的钢框玻璃钢罩屋面板,解决老厂屋面改造存在的生产与施工难题.