Polypropylene photostabilization by hindered amines in the presence of acidic species

Some volatile acids were found to dramatically reduce the effectiveness of additives based on 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine as photostabilizers for polypropylene films. Strong acids such as HCl, HBr, and HNO₃ had the largest effect with sulfurous acid somewhat less detrimental. Weak organic acids did not impair the effectiveness of the hindered amine light stabilizers. The role of acid concentration and contact time were explored for the HCl–piperidyl additive system. Secondary and tertiary amines were included in the study as well as oligomeric additives and an N-oxyl derivative. The latter is less basic than the free amines, and it was correspondingly less effected by acid exposures. The possibilities for acid exposure during the compounding, fabrication, and use of stabilized polyolefin articles is discussed as well as the effects of acids in terms of proposed stabilization mechanisms for the hindered amines.     

Synthesis,characterization, and antitumor activity of poly(maleic anhydride‐co‐vinyl acetate‐co‐acrylic acid)

The ternary copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA), vinyl acetate (VA), and acrylic acid (AA) [P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA)], which is considered to be an acceptor–donor–acceptor system, was carried out in 1,4‐dioxane with benzoyl peroxide as an initiator at 70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Constants of complex formation for the monomer systems in the study were determined by UV–visible (hydrogen‐bonding complex) and ¹H‐NMR (charge transfer complex) methods, respectively. The results show that polymerization of the P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) system proceeds by an alternating terpolymerization mechanism. It is shown that the synthesized copolymers have typical polyelectrolyte behavior, ability for reversible hydrolysis–anhydrization reactions, and semicrystalline structures. In these cases, including radical polymerization, and formation of semicrystalline structures, the hydrogen‐bonding effect plays a significant role. The in vitro cytotoxicities of the synthesized terpolymer and alternating copolymer were evaluated using Raji cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cell line). The antitumor activities of prepared anion‐active copolymers were studied using methyl–thiazol–tetrazolium colorimetric assay and 50% of the cytotoxic dose of each copolymer and terpolymer were calculated. Hydrolyzed P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) and P(MA‐alt‐AA) copolymers have sufficiently high antitumor activity, which depends on the amount of hydrogen‐bonding carboxylic groups and their regular distribution in the side chain of functional macromolecules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3425–3432, 2006     

H_2-THF水合物形成过程研究

利用定容恒温法研究了H2-5.56 mol%THF-水在2℃,不同压力下的水合物形成特性,比较2种不同的氢气水合物形成方法:1)氢气-THF水溶液体系;2)氢气-THF水合物颗粒体系,考察形成过程,并计算储氢量。实验结果表明,在上述条件下,不同的方法氢气水合物的形成速率不同,第2种方法下氢气水合物的形成速率相对较快,且储氢量也高,约为质量分数0.33%,2种体系下的储氢量均随着压力的增高而增加。最后对2个体系下的氢气水合物的形成机理进行分析。     

高新区知识创新能力影响因素的实证研究

考虑到知识经济全球化背景下,高新区知识创新能力对于国家高新区二次创业和国际化发展的至关重要性,以西安高新区为研究对象,对高新区知识创新能力进行了分析,指出了高新区影响知识创新的两个因素是社会资本和区域基础环境.通过逻辑分析推导出9个假设,并进行了实证分析.     

基于改进粒子群的航空军械保障调度优化

针对航空单机军械保障中出现的保障周期长、资源配置不合理等问题,在给出改进粒子群算法的基础上,分析单机军械保障问题中多约束条件,构建多资源约束下的军械保障调度数学模型.将改进算法应用于航空单机军械保障问题中,利用优先值方法编码,提出一种优先进度生成机制作为解码方式求解.通过对实际算例优化分析,得到单机保障的最小时间为64min,远小于未优化时保障周期,而且资源的使用基本趋于均衡,说明改进的方法能快速、正确地解决单机军械调度的优化问题.     

基于Intel Xeon Phi的激光等离子体粒子模拟研究

激光等离子体粒子模拟广泛用于探索极端物质状态下的科学问题。将一种基于粒子云网格方法的三维等离子体粒子模拟程序LARED P移植到Intel Xeon Phi协处理器上。在移植的过程中,综合运用了Native和Offload两种编程模式：首先运用Native模式对LARED P程序中热点计算任务进行优化研究,通过采用SIMD扩展指令使该计算任务获得了4.61倍的加速;然后运用Offload模式将程序移植到CPU-Intel Xeon Phi异构系统上,并通过使用异步数据传输和双缓冲技术分别提升了程序性能9.8%和21.8%。     

Dynamic analysis of a novel time‐lag four‐dimensional fractional‐order financial system

In this paper, a novel four‐dimensional fractional‐order financial system (FFS) with time delay is presented. Unlike traditional bifurcation analysis of financial systems, the selection rules of two bifurcation points within the system are discussed. In addition, the motion state of the system in the vicinity of two bifurcation points are analyzed separately, such that the dynamic analysis of this novel nonlinear fourth‐dimensional FFS is more comprehensive. The detailed dynamical behaviors of this financial system, such as oscillation, stability, and bifurcation points, are deduced via rigorous mathematical analysis. Finally, some simulations are performed to verify the dynamic characteristics of the FFS around the two bifurcation points which satisfy the selection conditions of the bifurcation point.     

融合用户兴趣表征与注意力机制的推荐算法

为利用用户行为挖掘用户的兴趣,提出一种融合用户兴趣表征与注意力机制的推荐算法.利用CVR算法将传统的用户-项目表征转换为用户-兴趣表征;构建一种应用于用户兴趣预测的深度森林模型,引入兴趣簇重要性作为特征选择权重,融合时间注意力机制进行兴趣预测,将用户-兴趣模型结合基于用户的协同过滤算法预测推荐结果.两个数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法能够提高用户兴趣预测准确率,提升推荐效果.     

高速移动环境下无线信道模型的性能

针对移动网络在高铁通讯时存在接收信号不稳定问题,开展了多普勒效应及多径时延对正弦波叠加(Sum-of-Sinusoid,SOS)模型、XIAO模型(Jakes仿真器)和LIU Qian模型的影响研究.分析了3种模型的信噪比、相关性以及处理信号衰减的程度,结果表明,在多普勒效应及多径时延的环境下,SOS模型的算法复杂度最低,LIU Qian模型反之,而传递函数相关性最佳,XIAO模型对接入信号的衰落程度最小;在保证传输效率、信道容量足够的前提下,LIU Qian模型中接收信号的失真程度较小,更适宜作为高速移动环境下无线信道的研究模型.     

基于高机动目标跟踪的改进变结构IMM算法

传统交互式多模型(interacting multiple model,IMM)算法在跟踪高机动目标时存在模型集合和真实系统模式匹配欠佳所导致状态估计质量下降的问题.基于变结构的思想及图论的知识,结合协方差匹配技术提出了一种补偿式变结构交互式多模型算法(compensation variable structure interacting multiple model,CPVSIMM).针对目前对直线加速状态估计问题,传统变结构交互式多模型(variable structure interacting multiple model,VSIMM)模型集多采用角速度作为模型特征参数造成对其估计性能欠佳的情况,所提算法联合加速度和角速度作为模型参数,并建立了模型集合间的有向图连通关系及模型子集自适应调整原则.理论分析与对比仿真表明:本算法融合估计结果的精度更高,同时能在一定程度上减小由于模型集匹配欠佳及切换不及时所导致的机动累积误差.