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101.
Elisa de Almeida Jackix Elisa Bernardes Monteiro Helena Fonseca Raposo Emerielle Cristine Vanzela Jaime Amaya‐Farfán 《Journal of food science》2013,78(12):H1929-H1934
Several studies have shown that fruits and vegetables contribute to protect against degenerative pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, mainly due to the presence of dietary fiber (DF) and polyphenols. Taioba (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is an edible aroid widely grown in many parts of Africa, America, and Asia. The tubers portions of taioba are widely consumed; however, the leafy portions are generally discarded, despite their high nutritive value. In this study, we have partly characterized the DF of lyophiized taioba leaf (LTL), and assessed the possible protective effects on biochemical parameters and on bile acid (BA) production in colon and cecum, when fed to healthy rats for 4 wk. Forty‐five Wistar rats were assigned to either of 5 groups: group 1 received AIN 93G diet (CG: Control); group 2 received AIN 93G containing 2.5% of cellulose + 2.5% inulin (CEIN_5%); group 3 received AIN 93G containing 2.5% of cellulose + 2.5% taioba fiber (CETA_5%); group 4 received AIN 93G containing 5% cellulose + 2.5% taioba fiber (CETA_7.5%); group 5 received AIN 93G containing 5% cellulose + 2.5% of inulin (CEIN_7.5%). LTL showed high contents of total fiber, predominantly comprising insoluble DF with glucose as the major monomer. Rats receiving LTL had increased fecal mass and fat excretion, and improved BA profiles by diminishing the proportion of secondary acids, thus suggesting that consumption of taioba leaf may have the property of lowering the risk of colon cancer. 相似文献
102.
Antonio Barba Carolina ClausellJuan Carlos Jarque María Monzó 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2011,31(12):2119-2128
This paper presents a study of the precipitation of ZnO and CuO crystals during the sintering of Cu-doped Ni-Zn ferrites. The nature of the Zn- and Cu-containing crystal precipitates was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The influence of the dry relative density of the body and the cooling rate on the occurring precipitates was also studied. Two consecutive chemical reactions are put forward, which explain the bulk precipitation of the zinc and copper oxides in the specimen during sintering, and their re-dissolution during cooling. 相似文献
103.
Carolina Merheb-Dini Graziele Aparecida Chiuchi Garcia Ana Lúcia Barretto Penna Eleni Gomes Roberto da Silva 《Food chemistry》2012
Prato cheeses were manufactured using coagulant from Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae N31 or a commercial coagulant. Cheeses were characterised using the following analysis: yield; fat; acidity; moisture; ash; salt; pH; total nitrogen; total protein; NS-pH 4.6/NT*100; NS-TCA 12%/NT*100; casein electrophoresis; and RP-HPLC. The results were statistically analysed and revealed that the proteolytic indices were not significantly different throughout the 60 days of ripening of cheeses made with either coagulant. Even though there were some quantitative differences in the peptide profile of cheeses, the enzyme from T. indicae-seudaticae N31 was used in the production of good quality Prato cheese without having to change the established technological parameters of the process. 相似文献
104.
Tamara Carolina; Timberlake William; Leffel Joseph 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2010,124(3):302
In two experiments we investigated the extent to which rats (Rattus norvegicus) use an egocentric trajectory and landmarks to locate a goal. In Experiment 1 we trained groups to locate the hidden platform in a water maze with either 1 of 3 or 3 of 3 predictive landmarks, and with either a random or fixed egocentric trajectory. A choice test revealed that regardless of the landmark configuration, rats relied on a directional, egocentric trajectory, when it was available, to locate the platform. In Experiment 2 we found that adding four predictive landmarks following training with a constant egocentric trajectory did not alter rats' initial attention to the trajectory. We conclude that the presence of nonpredictive landmarks in a predictive array did not affect the use of landmarks. With a blocking design, rats used initially an egocentric path, then landmarks. These results add to the notion that animals use available spatial cues sequentially. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
105.
Isabel Comino Ana Real Maria de Lourdes Moreno Raquel Montes Ángel Cebolla Carolina Sousa 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2013,93(4):933-943
BACKGROUND: Cereals used for beer manufacturing contain gluten, which is immunotoxic for celiac patients. The gluten remaining after processes of malting and brewing is mostly hydrolyzed, which makes practical evaluation of the immunotoxicity of the gluten pools challenging. RESULTS: We analyzed the presence of gluten peptides equivalent to the major immunotoxic protease‐resistant gliadin 33‐mer in 100 Belgium beers, using monoclonal antibodies (G12/A1). Immunochromatographic strips and enzyme‐linked immonosorbent assay G12/A1 methods estimated at least 20 ppm gluten equivalents in 90 beers and gluten‐free in 10 beers. The G12/A1 reactivity of beer high‐performance liquid chromatographic fractions correlated to the presence of T‐cell‐reactive epitopes identified by peptide sequencing. CONCLUSION: The determination of equivalent gliadin 33‐mer epitopes in beers has been shown to be practical, specific, and sensitive for the measurement of potential immunotoxicity for celiac patients. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
106.
Zeynep Yilmazer Hitit Carolina Zampol Lazaro Patrick C. Hallenbeck 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2017,42(10):6578-6589
Both dark and photo-fermentation can be used for biological hydrogen production; either performed separately, in two-stage systems, or in co-culture. A single stage process is less laborious and costly; however, the two types of microorganisms have different nutritional requirements requiring optimization of culture conditions. Here a response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design was used to optimize microorganism ratio and substrate and buffer concentrations, and to evaluate their interactive effects for maximization of hydrogen yield. Clostridium butyricum and Rhodopseudomonas palustris were grown on a potato starch/glucose base medium at 30 °C under continuous illumination (40 W m?2 light intensity). The highest hydrogen yield, 6.4 ± 1.3 mol H2/mol glucose, was obtained with a substrate concentration of 15 g/L, buffer concentration of 50 mM, and microorganism ratio of 3. The observed strong interaction between buffer and substrate concentration is most likely due to the need to optimize the pH for co-cultures. 相似文献
107.
108.
D. Brandt M. Asai P. L. Brink B. Cabrera E. do Couto?e?Silva M. Kelsey S. W. Leman K. McArthy R. Resch D. Wright E. Figueroa-Feliciano 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》2012,167(3-4):485-490
There is a growing interest in cryogenic calorimeters with macroscopic absorbers for applications such as dark matter direct detection and rare event search experiments. The physics of energy transport in calorimeters with absorber masses exceeding several grams is made complex by the anisotropic nature of the absorber crystals as well as the changing mean free paths as phonons decay to progressively lower energies. We present a Monte Carlo model capable of simulating anisotropic phonon transport in cryogenic crystals. We have initiated the validation process and discuss the level of agreement between our simulation and experimental results reported in the literature, focusing on heat pulse propagation in germanium. The simulation framework is implemented using Geant4, a toolkit originally developed for high-energy physics Monte Carlo simulations. Geant4 has also been used for nuclear and accelerator physics, and applications in medical and space sciences. We believe that our current work may open up new avenues for applications in material science and condensed matter physics. 相似文献
109.
Natalia A. Castillo Alejandra de Moreno de LeBlanc Carolina Maldonado Galdeano Gabriela Perdigón 《Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)》2012,45(2):831-841
Salmonella produces infections of different nature and severity depending of many factors including the Salmonella serovar involved, strain virulence, infective dose, host animal species, age and immune status of the host. The treatments against Salmonella infections rely on supportive and antibiotic therapy to eliminate the pathogen, but the development of resistance by Salmonella to the antimicrobials most commonly used limits its efficacy. Other disadvantages of antibiotic treatments are that they can lead to acute diarrhea (antimicrobials normally induce an imbalance of intestinal bacterial flora) and may produce chronic toxicity. Considering this undesired consequences of antibiotics and because at the present there are no effective oral vaccines which protect against salmonellosis, scientists have been searching for alternative methods to control enteric infections. In the present review, probiotics are proposed as an attractive possibility to attend this concern. Probiotic are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. In vitro and in vivo studies showed the effectiveness of probiotic administration in the prevention or in the treatment against Salmonella infection. There are several mechanisms by which probiotic strains might exert their effects. They include non immune mechanisms (stabilization of the gut mucosal barrier, competition for adhesion, secretion of antimicrobial substances, etc.) and the modulation of the mucosal and systemic immune responses. These mechanisms are species and/or strain specific. There are also evidences that in some cases, a mix of probiotic strains can be more useful than each strain alone against this infection. In addition, the presence of one or more probiotic strains in a fermented product can improve the beneficial properties of the probiotic strains involved. It was also reviewed the security of probiotics administration after Salmonella infection in healthy host and in immunosuppressed or babies hosts. Although, the major part of the researches were performed in animal models through in vivo assays or by in vitro studies using human cell lines, some studies carried out in humans to verify the probiotic effects were also addressed in the present review. Nevertheless, is of critical importance to perform more clinical trials in humans to validate the results obtained with each specific probiotic strain or probiotic product. 相似文献
110.
SriLakshmi Katar AzlinBiaggi Labiosa Amairy E Plaud Edgar Mosquera-Vargas Luis Fonseca Brad R Weiner Gerardo Morell 《Nanoscale research letters》2010,5(1):74-80
A dual stage process of depositing bamboo-like carbon nanotubes (BCNTs) by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD)
and coating Si using Radio frequency sputtering (RFS) technique. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron field
emission studies (EFE). SEM results suggest a dense network of homogeneous silicon-coated BCNTs. From the comprehensive analysis
of the results provided by these techniques emerges the picture of Si encapsulated BCNTs. 相似文献