Morphological,Mechanical Property Analysis and Comparative Study over Structural Properties of CVD TiN Film Grown under Different Substrate Temperature in Nitrogen Gas Atmosphere

Silicon - Titanium Nitride (TiN) thin films were deposited by thermal chemical vapor deposition process (CVD) over Si (100) substrate under different substrate temperatures. Morphological,...     

Some observations on morphology of anhydride-modified polystyrene

Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction between polystyrene and phthalic anhydride in the presence of AlCl₃ has been performed in two different solvents, 1,2-dichloro ethane and nitro-benzene. The morphology of the condensate prepared in 1,2-dichloroethane has revealed the participation of 1,2-dichloroethane, i.e., a competitive Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction.     

Profile of Triacylglycerols,Phenols, and Vitamin E of Manjari Medika Grape Seed Oil and Cake: Introducing a Novel Indian Variety

The aim of the study is to investigate the biochemical composition of grapeseed oil and cake from an unexplored Indian grape‐juice cultivar, Manjari Medika (MM). The composition of oil and residual seed cake is evaluated using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The findings demonstrate that the vitamin E content of MM‐seed oil (1.15–1.35 g kg^?1) is distinctively higher than the Codex standard, suggesting its superior quality as an edible oil. The predominant triacylglycerols include trilinolein (LLL, 43%), dilinoleoyl‐stearylglycerol (LSL, 19%), and dilinoleoyl‐palmitoylglycerol (LLP, 11%), which are earlier recognized as natural antioxidants. The seed‐cake is rich in polyphenols including acylated anthocyanins (e.g., pelargonidin‐3‐O‐coumaroyl glucoside) and certain other flavonoids (e.g., catechin). The profile of phytonutrients in MM seed‐oil and cake is significantly superior to its seeded female parent and two other widely cultivated wine‐grape varieties. In brief, the studied by‐products of this new grape‐juice cultivar can be an important source of high‐value ingredients for use in food supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. Practical applications: This study reports the phytochemical profile of the seed‐oil and seed cake derived from a newly developed grape variety, Manjari Medika. High contents of selective antioxidants: lipids, vitamin E, and phenols in the seed‐oil and cake with health benefits suggest their potential for use in nutraceutical and functional foods. These byproducts can be utilised as ingredients of functional foods and nutraceuticals (e.g., grape seed oil capsule) and also as raw materials in food supply chains (e.g., for production of grape cookies or cake). MM can also be utilized as a colorant in the food industry.     

Exploring the Influence of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate as a Modifier for Ethylene Vinyl Acetate/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blend at various blend ratios has been modified via reactive processing with 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). Modification of the blends with even small amount of MDI shows significant improvement in physico-mechanical properties for EVA/TPU 50/50 and 30/70 blends, and it is also supported by the superior melt rheological behavior and dramatic improvement in oil resistance property. After the treatment of electron beam (dose range: 50–150?kGy), radiation crosslinked EVA/TPU (30:70) blend reveals further improvement in various properties. This particular material can find potential application as cable sheathing component.     

Size and synergy effects of nanofiller hybrids including graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes in mechanical properties of epoxy composites

We study mechanical reinforcement in a widely used epoxy matrix with the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) and various mixture ratios of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with GnPs. Two different dimensions of GnPs were used with flake sizes of 5 μm and 25 μm to investigate the influence of nanofiller size on composite properties. In GnP reinforced composites, bigger flakes showed greater reinforcement at all GnP concentrations as they actively control the failure mechanisms in the composite. In the mixture samples, highest CNT content (9:1) showed marked improvement in fracture toughness of 76%. The CNT:GnP ratio is an interesting factor significantly influencing the properties of the epoxy based nanocomposites. The combination of high aspect ratio of CNTs and larger surface area of GnPs contribute to the synergistic effect of the hybrid samples. Thermal conductivity consistently increases with incorporation of GnPs in the matrix. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirm the uniform nanofiller dispersion achieved in the composites. For the hybrid samples CNTs are seen to align themselves on the GnP flakes creating an inter-connected strong nanofiller network in the matrix. The homogeneous nanofiller dispersions have been achieved by high shear calendaring which is a method capable of being industrially scaled up.     

Tailored Degradation and Dye Release from Poly(ester amides)

Poly(ester amides) based on L-valine and adipic acid with different aliphatic and aromatic diols were synthesized by interfacial polymerization. Four different diols such as ethylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, resorcinol, and catechol were used to systematically vary the chain lengths and position of the hydroxyl groups. The chemical structures, thermal properties, degradation, and dye release of these polymers were investigated. This study demonstrates that the release kinetics can be tailored through the control of the chain length of the diol and the position of the hydroxyl groups. These findings have important implications for designing biodegradable polymers for tailored release.     

Effect of side‐chain functionality on the organic field‐effect transistor performance of oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) derivatives

In order to observe the effects of the substitution of electronegative flourine with aromatic groups in oligo(p ‐phenylenevinylene) compounds on their packing, morphology, and charge carrier mobility, we have synthesized napthol‐substituted oligo(p ‐phenylenevinylene) compounds and examined their solubility, redox properties, thin film morphologies, and charge carrier properties. To date, very few examples of conjugated oligomers bearing napthol side groups have been reported in the literature. After annealing at 150 °C, the mobility of S1, S2, and S3 was 4.0 × 10^?2 cm² V^?1 s^?1, 1.2 × 10^?2 cm² V^?1 s^?1, and 2.6 × 10^?3 cm² V^?1 s^?1, respectively. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 44825.     

Sol–gel approach to near-net-shape oxide–oxide composites reinforced with short alumina fibres—The effect of crystallization

Near-net-shape (NNS) high alumina (alumina:silica = 96:4, in equivalent weight ratio) fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) were prepared with single and bicomponent sols following sol–gel vacuum infiltration technique. The CMCs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), three-point bend test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Crystallization of tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO₂) in the composite, CZY having zirconia–yttria matrix and that of gamma alumina (γ-Al₂O₃) in the composites, CAZ having alumina–zirconia matrix, CAS having alumina–silica matrix and CA having alumina matrix, enhanced the flexural strength values and pseudo-ductile character of CMCs.