笼形团簇材料

近年来,在原子、分子和凝聚态两层次之间出现了原子团簇这一重要的学科领域。本文介绍了笼形团簇材料的国内外最新研究进展,分析了笼形团簇材料的研究现状,并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

WAVE INTERACTION WITH PERFORATED CAISSON BREAKWATERS

The reflection coefficient of perforated caissons and the total horizontal forces acting on them were experimentally and numerically analyzed and discussed when wave propagates normally. To consider the viscosity effect of fluid and nonlinear action of waves on structures, the VOF (Volume Of Fluid) method combined with the k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the interaction between waves and structures. Governing equations were solved with the finite difference method. Through 2D experimental study in the wave flume, the empirical relationship between the reflection coefficient of perforated caissons and the main affecting factors were obtained from the experimental data using the least square method. Also the correlation between the ratio of the total horizontal force acting on perforated caisson and the force acting on solid caisson and the main affecting factors were regressed from the experimental data.     

Self-organized public-key management for mobile ad hoc networks

In contrast with conventional networks, mobile ad hoc networks usually do not provide online access to trusted authorities or to centralized servers, and they exhibit frequent partitioning due to link and node failures and to node mobility. For these reasons, traditional security solutions that require online trusted authorities or certificate repositories are not well-suited for securing ad hoc networks. We propose a fully self-organized public-key management system that allows users to generate their public-private key pairs, to issue certificates, and to perform authentication regardless of the network partitions and without any centralized services. Furthermore, our approach does not require any trusted authority, not even in the system initialization phase.     

From Poldhu to the Italian station of Coltano: Marconi and the first years of transcontinental wireless

This paper presents the evolution of low-frequency, high-power transcontinental transmission, starting from the first successful transatlantic link from Poldhu up to the Italian transcontinental station of Coltano. The trend toward higher and higher transmitting power, and the dead end into which wireless was heading if it were not for research in the higher frequency ranges, are pointed out.     

Graph-theoretic construction of low-density parity-check codes

This article presents a graph-theoretic method for constructing low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes from connected graphs without the requirement of large girth. This method is based on finding a set of paths in a connected graph, which satisfies the constraint that any two paths in the set are either disjoint or cross each other at one and only one vertex. Two trellis-based algorithms for finding these paths are devised. Good LDPC codes of practical lengths are constructed and they perform well with iterative decoding.     

Field Static Load Test on Kao-Ping-Hsi Cable-Stayed Bridge

Field load testing is an effective method for understanding the behavior and fundamental characteristics of a cable-stayed bridge. This paper presents the results of field static load tests on the Kao-Ping-Hsi cable-stayed bridge, the longest cable-stayed bridge in Taiwan, before it was open to traffic. A total of 40 loading cases, including the unit and distributed bending and torsion loading effects, were conducted to investigate the bridge behavior. The atmospheric temperature effect on the variations of the main girder deflections was also monitored. The results of static load testing include the main girder deflections, the flexural strains of the prestressed concrete girder, and the variations of the cable forces. A three-dimensional finite-element model was developed. The results show that the bridge under the planned load test conditions has linear superposition characteristics and the analytical model shows a very good agreement with the bridge responses. Further discussion of deflection and cable forces of the design specifications for a cable-stayed bridge is also presented.     

On the convergence of the inverses of Toeplitz matrices and its applications

Many issues in signal processing involve the inverses of Toeplitz matrices. One widely used technique is to replace Toeplitz matrices with their associated circulant matrices, based on the well-known fact that Toeplitz matrices asymptotically converge to their associated circulant matrices in the weak sense. This often leads to considerable simplification. However, it is well known that such a weak convergence cannot be strengthened into strong convergence. It is this fact that severely limits the usefulness of the close relation between Toeplitz matrices and circulant matrices. Observing that communication receiver design often needs to seek optimality in regard to a data sequence transmitted within finite duration, we define the finite-term strong convergence regarding two families of matrices. We present a condition under which the inverses of a Toeplitz matrix converges in the strong sense to a circulant matrix for finite-term quadratic forms. This builds a critical link in the application of the convergence theorems for the inverses of Toeplitz matrices since the weak convergence generally finds its usefulness in issues associated with minimum mean squared error and the finite-term strong convergence is useful in issues associated with the maximum-likelihood or maximum a posteriori principles.     

Extracting Light from Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Stamped Bragg Gratings

In this paper, we describe a method for increasing the external efficiency of polymer light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) by coupling out waveguided light with Bragg gratings. We numerically model the waveguide modes in a typical LED structure and demonstrate how optimizing layer thicknesses and reducing waveguide absorption can enhance the grating outcoupling. The gratings were created by a soft‐lithography technique that minimizes changes to the conventional LED structure. Using one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional gratings, we were able to increase the forward‐directed emission by 47 % and 70 %, respectively, and the external quantum efficiency by 15 % and 25 %.