STUDY ON THE COAL DESULFURIZATION BY DILUTE ALKALI / ACID TREATMENT AND ITS MECHANISM

Sulfur in coal causes problems in coal processing and utilization, therefore the chemical beneficiation of coal has gained widespread attention. Using three coal samples with high sulfur content the effect of desulfurization has been studied. For Nantong coal containing 4.25% total sulfur under the condition sulfur reduction increased from 38.8% upto 62.4% the released sulfur was generally sulfate and pyrite, but the organic sulfur almost remained constant. When alkali treatment was performed at 370^°C, organic sulfur removal of Donglin and Yanzhou coal was to 50.6% and 57.3% respectively.     

Titanium alloys in total joint replacement--a materials science perspective

Increased use of titanium alloys as biomaterials is occurring due to their lower modulus, superior biocompatibility and enhanced corrosion resistance when compared to more conventional stainless steels and cobalt-based alloys. These attractive properties were a driving force for the early introduction of alpha (cpTi) and alpha + beta (Ti-6A1-4V) alloys as well as for the more recent development of new Ti-alloy compositions and orthopaedic metastable beta titanium alloys. The later possess enhanced biocompatibility, reduced elastic modulus, and superior strain-controlled and notch fatigue resistance. However, the poor shear strength and wear resistance of titanium alloys have nevertheless limited their biomedical use. Although the wear resistance of beta-Ti alloys has shown some improvement when compared to alpha + beta alloys, the ultimate utility of orthopaedic titanium alloys as wear components will require a more complete fundamental understanding of the wear mechanisms involved. This review examines current information on the physical and mechanical characteristics of titanium alloys used in artifical joint replacement prostheses, with a special focus on those issues associated with the long-term prosthetic requirements, e.g., fatigue and wear.     

Angiotensin II stimulates cardiac myocyte hypertrophy via paracrine release of TGF-beta 1 and endothelin-1 from fibroblasts

We examined the effects of different cytokine combinations and culture conditions on the expansion and modulation of cell surface antigens of CD34+ derived dendritic cells (DCs), the most efficient antigen-presenting cells capable of stimulating resting T cells in the primary immune response. Cells with a dendritic morphology and expressing HLA-DR, CD1a, S100 and CD83 were maximally expanded under serum-free conditions with the addition of SCF, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta and Flt-3 ligand (fold increase of CD1a+ cells = 102 +/- 32 after 2 weeks of culture). CD34+ cells were also grown under continuous flow conditions in an artificial capillary system: after 14d of culture, the expansion in the total cell number was lower than that of the static cultures (3.3 +/- 2 v 18.9 +/- 4) but the percentage of CD1a+/CD83+/ CD80+ cells was considerably higher, whereas the CD14+ cells were significantly reduced (8.9 +/- 2 v 26 +/- 13). In continuous perfusion cultures, low levels of DC precursors and of LTC-IC were still present up to day 14. The DCs generated under flow conditions stimulated the mixed leucocyte reaction (MLR) more than the cells grown in static cultures. By electron microscopy, cells grown in the continuous flow system showed an increased number of large cells with numerous dendritic processes and abundant multilamellar complexes. The cells expanded under these conditions were sorted on the basis of their light-scatter properties into two fractions: one containing a predominance of CD1a+/S100+/ CD8 3+/CD80+/CD14- 'large cells' with great internal complexity (mature DCs); the second including 'small cells' either CD33+/CD14+, CD33+/CD15+ or CD33+/CD13-/CD14. The DCs generated and selected with this method are therefore particularly well suited for immunotherapeutic protocols.     

陶瓷模用α半水石膏的研究

理论上提出了影响陶瓷模用半水石膏常，高温性能的主要因素，即结晶形态．标准稠水度，初凝时间，抗折强度，进行了实验验证，确定了相应的制作技术，获得了性能优良的陶瓷模用α半水石膏。     

Effect of hydrogen loading on temperature/electric-field poling ofSiO2-based thin films on Si

Waveguide stacks of GeSiO₂-based glass deposited on Si exhibit a permanent second-order nonlinearity following temperature electric-field poling. High temperature hydrogen loading increases the second harmonic signal under certain conditions     

网络对抗训练混合虚拟化平台设计研究

讨论了虚拟化技术实现原理及其在网络对抗教学中的应用上,分析了各类虚拟化技术的优缺点和构建网络对抗训练环境存在的问题。提出了一种混合虚拟化平台设计,该平台利用Libvirt虚拟化的应用程序编程接口（API）调用两种虚拟化技术同时运行在同一物理主机上。并详细叙述了混合虚拟化平台的实现过程和方法,并在多个虚拟机内同时运行测试基准,分析其可扩展性。多种虚拟化技术在同一物理机上的混合,实现了复杂实验环境的创建,对构建大规模的网络实验平台具有一定的参考价值。     

Negative effects of sufficiently small initial weights on back-propagation neural networks

In the training of feedforward neural networks,it is usually suggested that the initial weights should be small in magnitude in order to prevent premature saturation.The aim of this paper is to point out the other side of the story:In some cases,the gradient of the error functions is zero not only for infinitely large weights but also for zero weights.Slow convergence in the beginning of the training procedure is often the result of sufficiently small initial weights.Therefore,we suggest that,in these cases,the initial values of the weights should be neither too large,nor too small.For instance,a typical range of choices of the initial weights might be something like(0.4,0.1) ∪(0.1,0.4),rather than(0.1,0.1) as suggested by the usual strategy.Our theory that medium size weights should be used has also been extended to a few commonly used transfer functions and error functions.Numerical experiments are carried out to support our theoretical findings.     

新的e修正鲁棒自适应控制方法在航空发动机上的应用

针对航空发动机模型的结构和参数的不确定性,提出一种基于非李亚普诺夫方程(NQLF)的e修正鲁棒模型参考自适应控制法。该方法无需知道发动机精确数学模型,抗干扰能力强,在输出误差信号的作用下具有比普通方法更快的收敛性,振荡性能够得到很好的控制。从仿真结果可见控制器能使系统比较好地跟踪参考模型的输出,对发动机模型参数和结构的变化有一定的适应能力,鲁棒性较好。     

全面建设小康社会进程中黄河流域水资源利用效率时空演变分析

提升水资源利用效率,减轻水资源短缺对经济社会发展产生的约束,是实现水资源与经济社会和谐发展的有力支撑。尝试将DEA视窗分析方法应用于水资源利用效率研究,结合超效率DEA模型,探究黄河流域九省区在全面小康社会建设进程中水资源利用效率时空演变特征,在此基础上,通过Malmquist指数分解效率变动的内在原因,并引用空间匹配度计算方法,研究水资源利用效率与全面小康相对水平匹配程度。研究发现:九省区2012—2018年水资源利用效率总体呈增加趋势,水资源利用水平具有显著空间差异性;九省区水资源利用效率的提升主要得益于技术进步TC,制约水资源利用效率提升的主要因素是综合技术效率EC;水资源利用效率与全面小康相对水平的匹配程度呈现出较强的地区差异,部分省区两者动态协同性较差,其中,宁夏需要同时提升水资源利用水平和经济社会发展水平,陕西需要提升水资源利用水平,内蒙古需要提升经济社会发展水平。