甲酸甲酯与三聚甲醛偶联合成乙醇酸甲酯 Ⅱ.硫酸/金属羰基化合物对收率的影响

研究了硫酸／金属羰基化合物对甲酸甲酯与三聚甲醛偶联合成乙醇酸甲酯反应的催化作用，结果乙醇酸甲酯和甲氧基乙酸甲酯的收率均有提高；用甲醇分解偶联反应母液，进一步提高了产品收率，优选出较佳的配比，用１０ｍｌ硫酸、３．１２ｇＡｇ２ＳＯ４（Ｉ）所形成的硫酸／金属羰基化合物作催化剂，与４５ｍｌ甲酸甲酯和１２ｇ三聚甲醛进行偶联反应，在甲醇分解偶联反应母液后，得到乙醇酸甲酯和甲氧基乙酸甲酯的摩收率分别为５９．８２％和３４．３９％，超过国外研究结果。     

平键联接两个工艺问题的分析及解决

对平键联接中键槽尺寸的选取以及高精度深内孔键槽的加工进行工艺分析，提出解决措施。     

Communication between Chinese and non-Chinese scientists in the discovery of high-Tc superconductor: I. The formal perspective

As the first part of a two-phase study, 240 documents highly cited in a self-created Chinese database and inScience Citation Index for the period of 1987–89 were examined to delineate the formal structure of communication in superconductivity research. Noteworthy similarities, e.g., analogous cited cores, identical publication sources, and comparable intellectual structures of cocitation data, were found in formal communication between Chinese and non-Chinese scientists. However, differences were also located in citedness, timeliness, and direction of communication.     

Characterization of Grain Boundaries in Superplastically Deformed Y-TZP Ceramics

The effects of compressive deformation on the grain boundary characteristics of fine-grained Y-TZP have been investigated using surface spectroscopy, impedance analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. After sintering at low temperature (1150°C), the grain boundaries are covered by an ultrathin (1nm) yttrium-rich amorphous film. After deformation at 1200°–1300°C under low stress, some grain boundaries are no longer covered by the amorphous film. Yttrium segregation seems to occur only at wetted grain boundaries. Evidence has been found that the extent of dewetting increases with increasing applied stress.     

制度创新与中国电信业的改革发展

制度确定了一个社会的激励结构,是决定长期经济绩效的基本因素,一个政体所获得的有效制度,要为创立和实施有效的产权制度创立激励。由于没有降低成本的动力和采用业务交叉补贴造成信息不充分带来的“政府失灵”,国有垄断制度的全社会收益呈现边际递减,低效率结果是不可回避的,这就是中国电信业发展的制度障碍。中国电信业下一步改革,就外部市场竞争而言,应该实施运营商重组、投融资体制改革、加快立法、放松资费管制、建立普遍服务基金等;就内部治理结构来说,重点要强化机制创新、培育与企业改革相适应的企业文化。中国电信机制创新包括快速市场反应机制、激励约束机制、内部压力传递机制三大机制的创新。它们之间相互联系、相互作用,共同构成了电信经营机制,推动电信经营模式从内部导向向市场导向转变,将市场的种种挑战和机会通过市场营销体系有效地传递到组织内部各个团队和每一个员工,从而使中国电信快速调整、优化资源配置,保证中国电信总体战略的有效贯彻,最终实现战略目标。     

涂层对TI纤维与Ti／TiAl复合材料性能影响的研究

研究了涂层对Ｔｉ纤维及Ｔｉ纤维强化γ－ＴｉＡｌ金属间化合物基复合材料性能的影响。研究结果表明，运用物理气相沉积法（ＰＶＤ）在Ｔｉ纤维表面涂覆Ｙ２Ｏ３制得Ｔｉ／ＴｉＡｌ复合材料，不仅改善了γ－ＴｉＡｌ及其复合材料的力学性能，而且使纤维与基体间的界面反应层厚度减小，涂覆Ｙ２Ｏ３较Ａｌ２Ｏ３有较高的稳定性，这对深入研究涂层对复合材料合成及性能的影响有着重要的意义。     

Electron and hole mobility enhancement in strained SOI by waferbonding

N- and p-MOSFETs have been fabricated in strained Si-on-SiGe-on-insulator (SSOI) with high (15-25%) Ge content. Wafer bonding and H-induced layer transfer techniques enabled the fabrication of the high Ge content SiGe-on-insulator (SGOI) substrates. Mobility enhancement of 50% for electrons (with 15% Ge) and 15-20% for holes (with 20-25% Ge) has been demonstrated in SSOI MOSFETs. These mobility enhancements are commensurate with those reported for FETs fabricated on strained silicon on bulk SiGe substrates