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排序方式: 共有114条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Yiying Liu Christin Zachow Jos M. Raaijmakers Irene de Bruijn 《International journal of molecular sciences》2016,17(1)
Animals and plants are increasingly threatened by emerging fungal and oomycete diseases. Amongst oomycetes, Saprolegnia species cause population declines in aquatic animals, especially fish and amphibians, resulting in significant perturbation in biodiversity, ecological balance and food security. Due to the prohibition of several chemical control agents, novel sustainable measures are required to control Saprolegnia infections in aquaculture. Previously, fungal community analysis by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) revealed that the Ascomycota, specifically the genus Microdochium, was an abundant fungal phylum associated with salmon eggs from a commercial fish farm. Here, phylogenetic analyses showed that most fungal isolates obtained from salmon eggs were closely related to Microdochium lycopodinum/Microdochium phragmitis and Trichoderma viride species. Phylogenetic and quantitative PCR analyses showed both a quantitative and qualitative difference in Trichoderma population between diseased and healthy salmon eggs, which was not the case for the Microdochium population. In vitro antagonistic activity of the fungi against Saprolegnia diclina was isolate-dependent; for most Trichoderma isolates, the typical mycoparasitic coiling around and/or formation of papilla-like structures on S. diclina hyphae were observed. These results suggest that among the fungal community associated with salmon eggs, Trichoderma species may play a role in Saprolegnia suppression in aquaculture. 相似文献
42.
Frederic W. Patureau Christin Worch Maxime A. Siegler Anthony L. Spek Carsten Bolm Joost N. H. Reek 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2012,354(1):59-64
Phosphorylated sulfonimidamides (SIAPhos) undergo ion exchange reactions with cationic complexes, [Rh(cod)2BF4] and [Ir(cod)2BarF], or neutral complexes [Rh(cod)Cl]2 and [Ir(cod)Cl]2, leading to unprecedented neutral complexes with P‐N‐S‐N chelates. Use of the resulting neutral iridium complexes in asymmetric hydrogenation reactions of tri‐ and tetrasubstituted enamides leads to products with high enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee). 相似文献
43.
A. Simonin H. de Esch L. Doceul L. Christin F. Faisse F. Villecroze 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2013,88(1):1-7
The energy of future neutral beam injector (NBI) heating systems of fusion power plants ranges from 1 to 2 MeV. They are based on powerful (several tens of MW) hydrogen negative ion electrostatic accelerators where electrodes are polarized by DC high-voltage. The beam line under vacuum is supplied by HV power supplies via a transmission line pressured under SF6 and a high voltage feedthrough called bushing. The paper presents results obtained over experimental campaigns dedicated to high voltage vacuum insulation for future NBI systems (ITER). It addresses the problematic of the electron field emission and the high voltage breakdown limit under vacuum between large electrode surfaces. The paper highlights the dependence of the electron emission (dark current) with the voltage and the background tank pressure: at low pressure (~1E?3 Pa in hydrogen), an important dark current of I ~ 100 mA has been measured at 500 kV, while at higher pressure (~0.3 Pa in helium), the dark current has been nearly suppressed (less than 3 mA of dark current at 970 kV). The paper shows that a field induced gas adsorption process could occur on the emitting surfaces (cathode), and this process tends to lower the electron field emission current by increasing the work function of the electrode surface. The Fowler–Nordheim law applied to the measured dark current indicates about 70% of work function increase at 0.3 Pa in helium. Finally, a new high-voltage bushing concept relevant to the future NBI systems is presented; it is based on these experimental findings in high voltage vacuum insulation; the main feature of the new bushing concept is to take benefit of the field induced adsorption effect, i.e., the suppression of the dark current with helium gas, in the inner part of the bushing where the electric field intensity is highest. 相似文献
44.
This investigation examined associations between pre- and postnatal reports of 1st-time mothers' depression, anxiety, and marital quality and postnatal reports of infant temperament and changes in feelings of efficacy. Maternal efficacy measured prenatally was associated with concurrent measures of depression, anxiety, marital conflict, and levels of previous child-care experience. Mothers' perception of infant temperament postnatally accounted for a significant proportion of variance in postnatal reports of maternal efficacy. Although individual differences in women's feelings of efficacy were fairly stable, significant increases in maternal efficacy were also observed over time. Findings suggest that 1st-time mothers' beliefs about their ability to perform nurturing routines may change from a global sense of self-competence to more differentiated perceptions of nurturing efficacy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
45.
Hendrik Meer Stephan Wust Christin Schmitt Paul Herrgen Felix Fuhrmann Steffen Hirtle Beatrice Bednarz Adithya Rajan Rafael Ramos Miguel Angel Niño Michael Foerster Florian Kronast Armin Kleibert Baerbel Rethfeld Eiji Saitoh Benjamin Stadtmüller Martin Aeschlimann Mathias Kläui 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(21):2213536
The antiferromagnetic order in heterostructures of NiO/Pt thin films can be modified by optical pulses. After the irradiation with laser light, the optically induced creation of antiferromagnetic domains can be observed by imaging the created domain structure utilizing the X-ray magnetic linear dichroism effect. The effect of different laser polarizations on the domain formation can be studied and used to identify a polarization-independent creation of 180° domain walls and domains with 180° different Néel vector orientation. By varying the irradiation parameters, the switching mechanism can be determined to be thermally induced. This study demonstrates experimentally the possibility to optically create antiferromagnetic domains, an important step towards future functionalization of all optical switching mechanisms in antiferromagnets. 相似文献
46.
Kritee Pant Christin Neuber Kristof Zarschler Johanna Wodtke Sebastian Meister Rainer Haag Jens Pietzsch Holger Stephan 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(7)
Active tumor targeting involves the decoration of nanomaterials (NMs) with oncotropic vector biomolecules that selectively recognize certain antigens on malignant cells or in the tumor microenvironment. This strategy can facilitate intracellular uptake of NM through specific interactions such as receptor‐mediated endocytosis and can lead to prolonged retention in the malignant tissues by preventing rapid efflux from the tumor. Here, the design of actively targeting, renally excretible bimodal dendritic polyglycerols (dPGs) for diagnostic cancer imaging is described. Single‐domain antibodies (sdAbs) specifically binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are employed herein as targeting warheads owing to their small size and high affinity for their corresponding antigen. The dPGs equipped with EGFR‐targeting feature are compared head‐to‐head with their nontargeting counterparts in terms of interaction with EGFR‐overexpressing cells in vitro as well as accumulation at receptor‐positive tumors in vivo. Experimental results reveal a higher specificity and preferential tumor accumulation for the α‐EGFR dPGs, resulting from the introduction of active targeting capabilities on their backbone. These results highlight the potential for improving the tumor uptake properties of dPGs by strategic use of sdAb functionalization, which can ultimately prove useful to the development of ultrasmall NM with highly specific tumor accumulation. 相似文献
47.
Markus von Detten Marie Christin Platenius Steffen Becker 《Software and Systems Modeling》2014,13(4):1239-1268
Many software development, planning, or analysis tasks require an up-to-date software architecture documentation. However, this documentation is often outdated, unavailable, or at least not available as a formal model which analysis tools could use. Reverse engineering methods try to fill this gap. However, as they process the system’s source code, they are easily misled by design deficiencies (e.g., violations of component encapsulation) which leaked into the code during the system’s evolution. Despite the high impact of design deficiencies on the quality of the resulting software architecture models, none of the surveyed related works is able to cope with them during the reverse engineering process. Therefore, we have developed the Archimetrix approach which semiautomatically recovers the system’s concrete architecture in a formal model while simultaneously detecting and removing design deficiencies. We have validated Archimetrix on a case study system and two implementation variants of the CoCoME benchmark system. Results show that the removal of relevant design deficiencies leads to an architecture model which more closely matches the system’s conceptual architecture. 相似文献
48.
Marjolein Haftenberger Thorsten Heuer Christin Heidemann Friederike Kube Carolin Krems Gert BM Mensink 《Nutrition journal》2010,9(1):36
Background
Validation of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is important as incorrect information may lead to biased associations. Therefore the relative validity of an FFQ developed for use in the German Health Examination Survey for Adults 2008-2011 (DEGS) was examined. 相似文献49.
Roman Kern Christin Seifert Michael Granitzer 《International Journal on Digital Libraries》2010,11(2):75-89
Collaboratively created on-line encyclopedias have become increasingly popular. Especially in terms of completeness they have
begun to surpass their printed counterparts. Two German publishers of traditional encyclopedias have reacted to this challenge
and started an initiative to merge their corpora to create a single, more complete encyclopedia. The crucial step in this
merging process is the alignment of articles. We have developed a two-step hybrid system to provide high-accurate alignments
with low manual effort. First, we apply an information retrieval based, automatic alignment algorithm. Second, the articles
with a low confidence score are revised using a manual alignment scheme carefully designed for quality assurance. Our evaluation
shows that a combination of weighting and ranking techniques utilizing different facets of the encyclopedia articles allow
to effectively reduce the number of necessary manual alignments. Further, the setup of the manual alignment turned out to
be robust against inter-indexer inconsistencies. As a result, the developed system empowered us to align four encyclopedias
with high accuracy and low effort. 相似文献
50.
Tom Zimmermann Lisa A. Gebhardt Lucas Kreiss Christin Schneider Stephanie Arndt Sigrid Karrer Oliver Friedrich Michael J. M. Fischer Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is partially ionized gas near room temperature with previously reported antitumor effects. Despite extensive research and growing interest in this technology, active components and molecular mechanisms of CAP are not fully understood to date. We used Raman spectroscopy and colorimetric assays to determine elevated nitrite and nitrate levels after treatment with a MiniFlatPlaster CAP device. Previously, we demonstrated CAP-induced acidification. Cellular effects of nitrite and strong extracellular acidification were assessed using live-cell imaging of intracellular Ca2+ levels, cell viability analysis as well as quantification of p21 and DNA damage. We further characterized these observations by analyzing established molecular effects of CAP treatment. A synergistic effect of nitrite and acidification was found, leading to strong cytotoxicity in melanoma cells. Interestingly, protein nitration and membrane damage were absent after treatment with acidified nitrite, thereby challenging their contribution to CAP-induced cytotoxicity. Further, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was increased after treatment with both acidified nitrite and indirect CAP. This study characterizes the impact of acidified nitrite on melanoma cells and supports the importance of RNS during CAP treatment. Further, it defines and evaluates important molecular mechanisms that are involved in the cancer cell response to CAP. 相似文献