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31.
Decoupling Charge Transport and Electroluminescence in a High Mobility Polymer Semiconductor 下载免费PDF全文
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Christoph Weigel Valeriya Cherkasova Mathias Holz Hai Binh Phi Christian Görner Tenorio Björn Wilbertz Leonard Voßgrag Thomas Fröhlich Steffen Strehle 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2023,25(9):2201873
Ultralow expansion (ULE) glasses are of special interest for temperature stabilized systems for example in precision metrology. Nowadays, ULE materials are mainly used in macroscopic and less in micromechanical systems. Reasons for this are a lack of technologies for parallel fabricating high-quality released microstructures with a high accuracy. As a result, there is a high demand in transferring these materials into miniaturized application examples, realistic system modeling, and the investigation of microscopic material properties. Herein, a technological base for fabricating released micromechanical structures and systems with a structure height above 100 μm in ULE 7972 glass is established. Herein, the main fabrication parameters that are important for the system design and contribute thus to the introduction of titanium silicate as material for glass-based micromechanical systems are discussed. To study the mechanical properties in combination with respective simulation models, microcantilevers are used as basic mechanical elements to evaluate technological parameters and other impact factors. The implemented models allow to predict the micromechanical system properties with a deviation of only ±5% and can thus effectively support the micromechanical system design in an early stage of development. 相似文献
34.
Christoph Schnörr 《Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision》1998,8(3):271-292
We analyze a variational approach to image segmentation that is based on a strictly convex non-quadratic cost functional. The smoothness term combines a standard first-order measure for image regions with a total-variation based measure for signal transitions. Accordingly, the costs associated with discontinuities are given by the length of level lines and local image contrast. For real images, this provides a reasonable approximation of the variational model of Mumford and Shah that has been suggested as a generic approach to image segmentation.The global properties of the convex variational model are favorable to applications: Uniqueness of the solution, continuous dependence of the solution on both data and parameters, consistent and efficient numerical approximation of the solution with the FEM-method.Various global and local properties of the convex variational model are analyzed and illustrated with numerical examples. Apart from the favorable global properties, the approach is shown to provide a sound mathematical model of a useful locally adaptive smoothing process. A comparison is carried out with results of a region-growing technique related to the Mumford-Shah model. 相似文献
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Modeling spatially distributed phenomena in terms of its controlling factors is a recurring problem in geoscience. Most efforts
concentrate on predicting the value of response variable in terms of controlling variables either through a physical model
or a regression model. However, many geospatial systems comprises complex, nonlinear, and spatially non-uniform relationships,
making it difficult to even formulate a viable model. This paper focuses on spatial partitioning of controlling variables
that are attributed to a particular range of a response variable. Thus, the presented method surveys spatially distributed
relationships between predictors and response. The method is based on association analysis technique of identifying emerging
patterns, which are extended in order to be applied more effectively to geospatial data sets. The outcome of the method is
a list of spatial footprints, each characterized by a unique “controlling pattern”—a list of specific values of predictors
that locally correlate with a specified value of response variable. Mapping the controlling footprints reveals geographic
regionalization of relationship between predictors and response. The data mining underpinnings of the method are given and
its application to a real world problem is demonstrated using an expository example focusing on determining variety of environmental
associations of high vegetation density across the continental United States. 相似文献
37.
This paper introduces a system for real-time physiological measurement, analysis, and metaphorical visualization within a virtual environment (VE). Our goal is to develop a method that allows humans to unconsciously relate to parts of an environment more strongly than to others, purely induced by their own physiological responses to the virtual reality (VR) displays. In particular, we exploit heart rate, respiration, and galvanic skin response in order to control the behavior of virtual characters in the VE. Such unconscious processes may become a useful tool for storytelling or assist guiding participants through a sequence of tasks in order to make the application more interesting, e.g., in rehabilitation. We claim that anchoring of subjective bodily states to a virtual reality (VR) can enhance a person’s sense of realism of the VR and ultimately create a stronger relationship between humans and the VR. 相似文献
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Sascha Kuhn August Burr Michael Kübler Matthias Deckert Christoph Bleesen 《Microsystem Technologies》2010,16(10):1787-1801
The injection molding of micro-structures is a promising mass-production method for a broad range of materials. However, the
replication quality of these structures depends significantly on the heat flow during the filling stage. In this paper, the
filling and heat transfer of v-groove and random structures below 5 μm is investigated with the help of an AFM (atomic force
microscope) and thermo couples. A numerical model is developed to predict the filling of surface structures during the filling
and packing stage. The model implies the use of simple fully developed flow models taking the power-law material model into
account. This permits investigation into which ways several processing parameters affect the polymer flow in the surface structures.
The mold wall temperature, which has significant effects on the polymer flow, is varied by using a variothermal mold temperature
control system to validate the model proposed. 相似文献
40.
Context: A number of approaches have been proposed for the general problem of software component evaluation and selection. Most approaches come from the field of Component-Based Software Development (CBSD), tackle the problem of Commercial-off-the-shelf component selection and use goal-oriented requirements modelling and multi-criteria decision making techniques. Evaluation of the suitability of components is carried out largely manually and partly relies on subjective judgement. However, in dynamic, distributed environments with high demands for transparent selection processes leading to trustworthy, auditable decisions, subjective judgements and vendor claims are not considered sufficient. Furthermore, continuous monitoring and re-evaluation of components after integration is sometimes needed.Objective: This paper describes how an evidence-based approach to component evaluation can improve repeatability and reproducibility of component selection under the following conditions: (1) Functional homogeneity of candidate components and (2) High number of components and selection problem instances.Method: Our evaluation and selection method and tool empirically evaluate candidate components in controlled experiments by applying automated measurements. By analysing the differences to system-development-oriented scenarios, the paper shows how the process of utility analysis can be tailored to fit the problem space, and describes a method geared towards automated evaluation in an empirical setting. We describe tool support and a framework for automated measurements.We further present a taxonomy of decision criteria for the described scenario and discuss the data collection means needed for each category of criteria.Results: To evaluate our approach, we discuss a series of case studies in the area of digital preservation. We analyse the criteria defined in these case studies, classify them according to the taxonomy, and discuss the quantitative coverage of automated measurements.Conclusion: The results of the analysis show that an automated measurement, evaluation and selection framework is necessary and feasible to ensure trusted and repeatable decisions. 相似文献