低成本缓释化肥的实验室制备及其养分释放特征研究

研制了一种低成本缓释化肥,并对其养分缓释性能及养分释放规律进行了研究.实验结果表明:蒸馏水的作用无法使该缓释肥料中的大分子物质水解而释放出养分,而土壤则能使其养分基本释放,这说明该缓释肥料中的高分子物质能够在土壤中降解,作为化肥施入土壤后在一段时间内能够降解成能被植物吸收的小分子营养物质.     

18脉冲自耦变压整流器分析及不对称输入仿真

分析了不对称18脉冲ATRU的工作原理和输入输出电流的基本特性。针对三相电源输入不对称对变压整流器的影响进行仿真,并完成样机的基本特性实验、三相不对称实验和实验数据分析。     

气体辅助注射保压过程的数值分析

基于气体辅助注射成型保压过程的工程认识,利用粘性,可压缩非牛顿流体基本方程,得到了气体辅助注射保压过程分析的控制方法,并采用有限元法／有限差分法实现了对保压过程的数值模拟,并对过实例说明了气体辅助注射的优越性。     

酚醛型氰酸酯的性能

表征了采用"改进的卤化氰-酚法"合成得到的酚醛型氰酸酯未固化树脂的粘度、反应性和凝胶特性,固化树脂及其复合材料的力学性能、耐热性、耐烧蚀性能等。结果表明,固化气氛对酚醛型氰酸酯的反应活性有着显著的影响,在空气气氛中的凝胶时间远小于惰性气氛的凝胶时间。固化树脂及其复合材料具有优异的耐热性和烧蚀残留率,力学性能优于酚醛树脂。     

Enzymatic synthesis of low-calorie structured lipids in a solvent-free system

For the synthesis of low-calorie structured lipids (LCSL), transesterification between triacetin and stearic acid using immobilized lipase in a solvent-free system was investigated. Stearic acid, a long-chain saturated fatty acid, was incorporated mainly into the sn-1 and/or sn-3 positions of triacetin by lipase-catalyzed reaction. Three types of reactor systems (open, closed, and vacuum) were studied for the production of LCSL. The effects of various reaction variables such as water activity of substrates and lipase, molar ratio of substrates, stirring speed and reaction temperature were investigated. In the vacuum reactor system, a certain amount of water was added periodically to maintain the optimal water content of the reaction system. When a suitable amount of water (0.65 wt% of substrates) was added at every 1 h into the vacuum reactor system, more than 88% LCSL was obtained within 4 h using Chirazyme^® L-2.     

甲基肼合成新工艺

以亚磷酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂 ,一步合成了单取代的一甲基肼。在优化反应条件下 ,水合肼的转化率高于 63.68% ,甲基肼的收率高达 5 1 .5 8%。优化反应条件如下 :水合肼和亚磷酸二甲酯的摩尔比为 1 .0∶ ( 1 .2～ 1 .3) ,反应时间 3～ 4h,反应温度为 1 30～ 1 40℃ ,实验结果表明此工艺反应条件温和、方法简单易行、收率较高 ,为工业化生产提供了依据。并通过实验证明了加料方式对合成反应的影响较大。     

PVC聚合釜温度的组合控制方法

针对青岛海晶化工集团公司45m^3PVC聚合釜的特点及其对温度的要求,采用自适应变比例控制,程序控制及串级异相分程等控制方式相结合的组合控制手段对聚合釜的温度进行控制,取得了令人满意的效果。     

聚合物系超临界流体脱挥研究进展

综述了聚合物系超临界流体脱挥（SFDV）中的相平衡和质量传递研究进展,分析、总结了超临界流体（SCF）对聚合物的溶胀、温度、压力及SCF流速等因素对脱挥过程的影响。     

合成工艺对Cr-Ca-Sn-(Si)系列紫红色料呈色的影响

研究了铬锡红色料呈色的主要工艺影响因素,如添加剂种类、色料合成反应历程及工艺、基础釉成分等,并成功合成了系列色调变化的紫红色料.实验中采用X-ray衍射仪、色度仪等对所制色料进行测试与分析,探讨了其形成机理及对釉的适应性规律.     

Effects of surfactant/silica and silica/cerium ratios on the characteristics of mesoporous Ce-MCM-41

Using the surfactant CTMABr (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) and cerium(IV) sulfate, mesoporous Ce-MCM-41 molecular sieves were produced under a hydrothermal condition with various surfactant/silica (surfactant/Si) and silica/cerium (Si/Ce) ratios. Changes to the structural traits caused by changing the molar ratios of both surfactant/Si and Si/Ce were investigated. XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and SEM (scanning electro microscopy) were used for the characterization of prepared mesoporous samples. Among the tested molar ratios, surfactant/Si ratio of 0.5 and 0.2 showed highest values of d_1 0 0 and intensity, respectively, for the Si-MCM-41. XRD analysis also identified a quintessential hexagonal structure of Ce-MCM-41 for the Si/Ce molar ratio higher than 40 (maintaining the surfactant/Si ratio at 0.2). When cerium content was increased to have the Si/Ce molar ratio of 20, the hexagonal structure of Ce-MCM-41 was collapsed due to the structural stress of substituted cerium. FT-IR results confirmed calcination of Ce-MCM-41 and the incorporation of Ce⁴⁺ ions of cerium sulfate into the silica surface with proper removal of the surfactant. Rod-like shape with rounded edges of the prepared Ce-MCM-41 samples was identified by SEM. These results suggest surfactant/Si ratio of 0.2 and Si/Ce ratio of 40 for the production of Ce-MCM-41 with the highest level of crystallinity.