赤豆皮色素的提取及其稳定性

从赤豆皮渣中提取的玫瑰红色素属于花色苷类化合物,该色素对光、热、ｐＨ均不稳定,十二烷基硫酸钠等对色素具有一定的护色作用,可使色素的降解率在３０ｄ内降低２０％。     

涂层过程中织物拉伸对膜材料拉伸性能的影响

针对机织基布涂层前后结构相变化所导致的拉伸力学性能的变化,建立了膜材料拉伸力学的空间桁架模型,旨在讨论涂层过程中织物经向拉伸对膜材料拉伸性能的影响。建模过程中分别考虑了以经纬纱屈曲转换为主及纱线拉伸伸长为主的变形机制,用最小二乘法分段线性拟合来描述织物拉伸性能的非线性,用PVC/PES膜材料的拉伸试验验证模型的可靠性。结果表明:通过控制织物在涂层过程中的应变量,可以由涂层前织物的拉伸行为预测涂层后膜材料的拉伸性能。     

Anti-diabetic potential of a Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai extract in L6 skeletal muscle cells

The anti-diabetic potential of a Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai extract (SQE) in L6 muscle cells was evaluated. The SQE stimulated glucose uptake via the AMP-activated protein kinase-activating pathway, but not via the insulinstimulating pathway. The SQE increased the expression of fatty acid translocase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and induced phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The SQE attenuated oleic acid-induced intracellular triglyceride contents by decreasing the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and fatty acid synthase. These results indicate that the SQE probably has an anti-diabetic potential by enhancing glucose uptake and reducing triglyceride content in L6 skeletal muscle cells.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜水果中的百草枯和敌草快残留

目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定6种蔬菜和水果以及玉米、香菇等其他植物源性样品中百草枯和敌草快的分析方法。方法样品先以0.5 mol/L HCl浸泡酸化5 min,再以10 mL甲醇-0.5 mol/L HCl(1:1, V:V)振荡提取10 min,然后于80℃水浴中保温30 min,提取液冷却后于5000 r/min离心5 min,取上层清液过0.22μm的滤膜,直接上机测定。以20mmol/L甲酸铵(pH=3)-乙腈为流动相,经亲水色谱柱(hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC)进行分离后进行超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱多反应监测模式分析,内标法定量。结果百草枯的检出限(limitsofdetection,LOD)、定量限(limitsof quantitation, LOQ)分别为2.0、7.0μg/kg,敌草快的LOD、LOQ分别为1.5、8.0μg/kg。考察了8种不同样品的基质效应,其中敌草快在上海青和西芹中的基质效应较强,需要以基质标准曲线进行定量校正。在10、50、100μg/kg3个浓度水平的加标回收试验下测得,百草枯的回收率为74.6%～120.2%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为0.9%～11.7%;敌草快的回收率为76.6%～124.9%, RSD为2.0%～12.1%。结论该方法操作简单,快速。以内标法和基质匹配曲线定量,结果准确,适用于大量蔬菜水果样品中百草枯和敌草快的高通量分析和检测。     

Effects of cooking methods and chemical tenderizers on survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef patties

This study evaluated chemical tenderizers and cooking methods to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef patties (model system for non-intact beef). Ground beef was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and mixed with (i) nothing (control), (ii) calcium chloride (CC) and flavoring agents (FA), (iii) CC, FA, and acetic acid (AA), (iv) sodium chloride (SC), sodium tripolyphosphate (ST), and potassium lactate (PL), and (v) the combination of SC, ST, PL, and AA. Patties were stored in aerobic or vacuum bags at − 20, 4, and 12 °C. Samples were grilled, broiled, or pan-fried to 60 or 65 °C. Total bacterial and E. coli O157:H7 populations remained unchanged during storage. Broiling was more effective in reducing E. coli O157:H7 than grilling and pan-frying, and acidified tenderizers reduced E. coli O157:H7 more than non-acidified tenderizers in broiling. Higher reductions were observed at 65 °C than 60 °C in broiled and grilled samples. These results indicate that acidified tenderizers and broiling may be useful in non-intact beef safety.     

大孔吸附树脂法分离脂肪氧合酶的研究

脂肪氧合酶作为一种绿色食品催化剂广泛存在于植物和微生物中。采取大孔吸附树脂法从基因工程菌PET-32a-ana-LOX发酵产物中分离脂肪氧合酶,结果表明,HPD600树脂对脂肪氧合酶的选择性吸附能力较强,当上样量为4.3BV,上样浓度为4.026mg/mL,吸附流速为1.0BV/h时,其吸附率达到96.8%;洗脱剂采用混合剂（乙醇∶乙酸乙酯=1∶1）,洗脱剂用量为33.3BV,洗脱流速为4.0BV/h时,其洗脱率为94.8%,得率为95.0%,纯化倍数为6.2。本研究结果为脂肪氧合酶的工业化生产提供了一定参考。      

HPLC法检测低聚果糖的研究

本文研究了高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测低聚果糖的色谱条件和不同浓度低聚果糖对检出率的影响。结果表明,用高效液相色谱法检测低聚果糖的色谱条件为:流动相配比(乙腈:水)=75:25(v/v)、色谱柱温度为30℃、检测器灵敏度为+8。用此方法检测低聚果糖发现,低聚果糖的检出率随其浓度的不同呈现规律性变化。     

TSAT is a better predictor than ferritin of hemoglobin response to Epoetin alfa in US dialysis patients

Clinical guidelines recommend concurrent treatment of anemia in end‐stage renal disease with erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron. However, there are mixed data about optimal iron supplementation. To help address this gap, the relationship between iron markers and hemoglobin (Hb) response to ESA (Epoetin alfa) dose was examined. Electronic medical records of 1902 US chronic hemodialysis patients were analyzed over a 12‐month period between June 2009 and June 2010. The analysis included patients who had at least one Hb value during each 4‐week interval for four consecutive intervals (k ? 2, k ? 1, k, and k + 1; k is the index interval), received at least one ESA dose during intervals k ? 1 or k, had at least one transferrin saturation (TSAT) value at interval k, and at least one ferritin value during intervals k ? 2, k ? 1, or k. Effect modification by TSAT and ferritin on Hb response was evaluated using the generalized estimating equations approach. Patients had a mean (standard deviation) age of 62 (15) years; 41% were Caucasian, 34% African American, 65% had hypertension, and 39% diabetes. Transferrin saturation, but not ferritin, had a statistically significant (P < 0.05) modifying effect on Hb response. Maximum Hb response was achieved when TSAT was 34%, with minimal incremental effect beyond these levels. Of the two standard clinical iron markers, TSAT should be used as the primary marker of the modifying effect of iron on Hb response to ESA. Long‐term safety of iron use to improve Hb response to ESA warrants further study.     

Dynamic cell fractionation and transportation using moving dielectrophoresis

This study presents a new cell manipulation method using a moving dielectrophoretic force to transport or fractionate cells along a microfluidic channel. The proposed moving dielectrophoresis (mDEP) is generated by sequentially energizing a single electrode or an array of electrodes to form an electric field that moves cells continuously along the microchannel. Cell fractionation is controlled by the applied electrical frequency, and cell transportation is controlled by the interelectrode activation time. The applicability of this method was demonstrated to simultaneously fractionate and transport Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells, both viable and nonviable, by operating at conditions under which the cells were subjected to positive and negative dielectrophoresis, respectively. Compared to the conventional dielectrophoresis (cDEP and traveling wave dielectrophoresis (twDEP), moving dielectrophoresis allows cells to be separated on the basis of the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti factor, as in cDEP, but yet allows the direct transportation of separated cells without using fluid flow, as in twDEP. This dielectrophoresis technique provides a new way to manipulate cells and can be readily implemented on programmable multielectrode devices.     

Synthesis and characterization of Ag/polyaniline core-shell nanocomposites based on silver nanoparticles colloid

Ag/polyaniline core-shell nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via in situ chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline based on mercaptocarboxylic acid capped Ag nanoparticles colloid. The morphology and structure of the products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectra. A possible formation mechanism of the Ag/polyaniline core-shell nanocomposites was also proposed.