常见塑料溶解性能研究及其混合物的选择性分离

以常见塑料为原料,以有机物为溶剂,研究了塑料在有机溶剂中的溶解性能,提出了选择性分离混合塑料的方案。结果表明,实验所选用的塑料在有机溶剂中的溶解性能和溶解条件不同;可利用塑料与有机溶剂的相容性差别分离混合塑料。     

浅谈几种钢丝编织机的结构原理及性能特点

介绍了国产GBG，美国RB-2、TMW225-11，德国MR-11，意大利DAK，韩国BW等型号的钢丝编织机的编织机构的结构特点，分析了各种编织机梭子的传递过程。随后总结了各种编织机的性能特点并进行了分析讨论，认为至今没有先进的国产编织机研发成功的主要原因在于成本价格过高及制造技术水平达不到。     

Biodegradability and mechanical properties of agro‐flour–filled polybutylene succinate biocomposites

The objective of this study was the production of rice husk flour (RHF) and wood flour (WF) filled polybutylene succinate (PBS) biocomposites as alternatives to cellulosic material filled conventional plastic (polyolefins) composites. PBS is one of the biodegradable polymers, made from the condensation reaction of 1,4‐butanediol and succinic acid that can be naturally degraded in the natural environment. We compared the mechanical properties between conventional plastics and agro‐flour–filled PBS biocomposites. We evaluated the biodegradability and mechanical properties of agro‐flour–filled PBS biocomposites according to the content and filler particle size of agro‐flour. As the agro‐flour loading was increased, the tensile and impact strength of the biocomposites decreased. As the filler particle size decreased, the tensile strength of the biocomposites increased but the impact strength decreased. The addition of agro‐flour to PBS produced a more rapid decrease in the tensile strength, notched Izod impact strength, and percentage weight loss of the biocomposites during the natural soil burial test. These results support the application of biocomposites as environmentally friendly materials. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1513–1521, 2005     

305酯在船用PVC电缆料中应用研究

用305酯（双季戊四醇酯）增塑剂与其他添加剂配合使用，部分取代TOTM（偏苯三酸三辛酯）生产船用105℃PVC（聚氯乙烯）电线电缆料，并对其电性能，浸水后电性能等进行测试分析。结果表明，305酯为主增塑剂剂时，与4～5份的TCP（磷酸三甲酚酯）并用可以显著改善电缆料浸水电性能。在配方中应用二盐基性苯二甲酸铅和二盐基硬脂酸铅作稳定系统，更能保证电线电缆料浸水电性能的稳定。     

水中苯胺类化合物检测8-羟基喹啉试剂盒的研制

本文提出一种能方便、快速、灵敏地检测水中苯胺类化合物的试剂盒。该方法是以N -氯代丁二酰亚胺和 8-羟基喹啉与苯胺的显色反应为基础。显色反庆所得的蓝绿色化合物的最大吸收波长为 6 1 0nm ,在苯胺为 0 .2～ 8mg/L的浓度范围内符合比尔定率 ,最低检出限为 0 .0 1mg/L ,测定的重现性在± 5 %以内。本方法已成功地用于环境水样的分析测定     

水中苯胺类化合物检测1—萘酚试剂盒的研制

本文提出一种能快速灵敏地检测地面水和污水中苯胺类化合物的试剂盒。该方法是以 N-氯代丁二酰亚胺氧化苯胺 ,在 p H9- 1 1的碱性介质中 〔1〕,以 1 -萘酚偶联显色。显色反应所得的蓝色化合物的最大吸收波长为 61 0 nm,在苯胺浓度为 0 .2～ 8mg/L的浓度范围内符合比尔定律 ,最低检出限为 0 .0 2 mg/L ,测定的重现性在± 5 %以内。该试剂盒用于合成水样和环境水样的分析 ,回收率在 94.9～ 98.2之间。这种试剂盒可以成功地用于合成水样和环境水样的分析     

Preparation and rheology of polyamide-6/attapulgite nanocomposites and studies on their percolated structure

The polyamide-6/attapulgite nanocomposites were prepared via an in situ polymerization route with attapulgites pre-modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI). Morphology observation showed that the exfoliated attapulgite fibers were well dispersed in the polyamide-6 matrix on a nanometer scale and formed a percolation network structure. The rheological behaviors of such polymer/fibrous clay nanocompostie samples were investigated by an ARES rheometer with parallel plate geometry. The storage moduli (G′), loss moduli (G″), and dynamic viscosities of these samples increased monotonically with attapulgite content at low frequencies. The presence of attapulgites caused these nanocomposite melts to have solid-like behaviors and slower relaxation. This behavior can be explained in terms of the development of a grafting-percolated fibrous-silicate network structure. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine the critical threshold for attapulgites fibers in 3D. The calculated critical threshold from simulations fitted the results of our rheological experiments very well.     

On the oxidative coupling of methane with carbon dioxide over CeO2/ZnO nanocatalysts

The nano-CeO₂/ZnO catalysts were prepared using a novel combination of homogeneous precipitation with micro-emulsion for oxidative coupling of methane with CO₂ as an oxidant. The prepared catalysts were compared with those prepared using the conventional impregnation. The catalysts prepared in two ways were characterized with FTIR, TEM, XRD and CO₂-TPD. The effects of the reaction temperature, the amount of ZnO doped in the catalysts and the average size were investigated. The experimental investigation demonstrated that methane conversion over the nano-CeO₂/ZnO catalysts prepared by the combined technique was higher than that obtained over catalysts prepared by the conventional impregnation. A better low-temperature activity has also been achieved over the nanocatalysts. There was no clear trend between the average size of nano-CeO₂/ZnO catalysts and their catalytic performance but methane conversion increased with increasing fractal dimension of nanocatalysts.     

航空胶片显影液调整的计算机处理方法

为解决航空胶片显影液调整问题，采用了Visual Basic6.0开发了“显影液化学分析调整软件，该系统具有一定的应用价值。     

低温快烧无铅精陶釉的研制

采用高温熔融法制备了适用精陶的低温无铅熔块，并应用热膨胀分析仪、SEM等方法研究了精陶釉的光泽度、热稳定性、热膨胀系数等性能。结果表明：采用Li2O，SrO，B2O3等复合熔剂，可以制备出光泽度高，热稳定好，坯釉膨胀系数匹配，结合良好，适于低温快烧工艺的无铅精陶釉。