机压成型高效节能格子砖

机压成型高效节能格子砖丘必云，黄渊鳞，林剑成（中国轻工总会玻璃搪瓷研究所２０００５２）ＰｒｅｓｓｅｄＨｉｇｈＥｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔＣｈｅｃｋｅｒｓ￥ＱｉｕＢｉｙｕｎ；ＨｕａｎｇＹｕａｎｌｉｎ；ＬｉｎＪｉａｎｃｈｅｎｇ（Ｇｌａｓｓ＆ＥｎａｍｅｌＲｅｓｅａｒ...     

抛物型等效法研究指数型梯度折射率纤维的成像

本文采用抛物型等效法研究指数型梯度折射率纤维的成像特性。这种方法计算比严格解析法方便,精度比锥形等效法高,且适用范围大。     

Characterization and methanol adsorption of walnut-shell activated carbon prepared by KOH activation

Walnut-shellactivated carbons(WSACs)were prepared by the KOH chemicalactivation.The effects of carbonization temperature,activation temperature,and ratio of KOH to chars on the pore development of WSACs were investigated.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the microstructure and morphology of WSACs.Methanoladsorption performance onto the optimalWSAC and the coal-based AC were also investigated.The results show that the optimalpreparation conditions are a carbonization temperature of 700 ℃,an activation temperature of 700 ℃,and a mass ratio of 3.The BET surface area,the micropore volume,and the micropore volume percentage of the optimalWASC are 1636 m~2/g,0.641 cm~3/g and 81.97%,respectively.There are a lot of micropores and a certain amount of meso-and macropores.The characteristics of the amorphous state are identified.The results show that the optimalWSAC is favorable for methanoladsorption.The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the optimalWSAC is 248.02mg/g.It is shown that the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the optimalWSAC is almost equivalent to that of the common activated carbon.Therefore the optimalWSAC could be a potentialadsorbent for the solar energy adsorption refrigeration cycle.     

Noncovalent Functionalized Graphene-Filled Polyimides with Improved Thermal,Mechanical, and Wear Resistance Properties

A facile method is proposed to prepare poly-o-phenylenediamine (PoPD) noncovalent functionalized graphene (G)-reinforced polyimide (PI) nanocomposites. PoPD-G exhibited excellent dispersibility in various organic solvents. The structures of PoPD-G were characterized by Raman and UV spectrum, which verified the π–π interactions between PoPD and G. The effective exfoliation of graphene nanosheets was investigated by observation of the morphology of PoPD-G with SEM, SPM, and TEM. Compared to PI/G composites, the interfacial adhesion between graphene nanosheets and PI matrices promoted efficient stress transfer from PI chains to PoPD-G nanofillers. Polyimide nanocomposites with different incorporations of PoPD-G exhibited outstanding thermal properties. It is interesting to note that only 0.5 wt% PoPD-G-reinforced PI composites increased by 20.8% in hardness, enhanced by 84.0% in storage modulus, and reduced by 72.8% in wear rate compared with neat PI. The eminent enhancement was attributed to the facile dispersion of graphene nanosheets and strong interface adhesion between PI and PoPD-G.     

江汉油区低压油井机械捞砂技术研究与实践

江汉油区开发到中后期,地层能量下降,低压敏感储层油井活性水冲砂储层污染严重,严重影响油井正常生产。自动开启式捞砂泵采用小外径结构,捞砂起下容易,能够满足深井、斜度大油井捞砂需要;捞砂泵活塞直径、密封长度、密封方式,能够满足深井捞砂抽吸能力和抽吸密封性;上下单流密封总成,能够满足深斜井、大斜度捞砂灵活开启和密封。     

基于分簇的传感网虚拟MIMO协议

提出一种应用于无线传感网的新型分簇式虚拟MIMO协议。协议基于簇头轮换,避免大量重新分簇带来的拓扑维护开销,从而提高网络能量效率。在簇间路由中,提出一种新型的“跨跳”操作,以平衡网络中不同节点与簇的能耗和生命周期。仿真实验结果表明,该协议较现有的的虚拟MIMO在能耗总量和均衡上均具有更好的效果。     

自动简易擦窗器的设计

现实生活中,已经有多款用于擦洗玻璃的装置面市,但因这些产品或制造成本比较高昂,或使用范围有限,甚至效果不好,使其局限性比较大,难以得到推广。针对这些问题,本设计采用51单片机来控制自动擦窗器的电机及喷水装备以达到擦洗玻璃的目的,其效果明显,装置简单,成本较低,利用价值大,有着广阔的市场前景。     

油基钻井液组分对体系沉降性能的影响

研究了油基钻井液组分对其沉降稳定性能的影响。结果表明,基液类型、油水体积比、内相盐种类、加重材料粒径大小和种类会对油基钻井液的沉降稳定性能产生影响。静态沉降条件下基液黏度越大,体系油水体积比越小,体系沉降稳定性能越好。以NH4Ca(NO3)3为内相的油基钻井液体系沉降稳定性能优于甲酸盐、氯化钙和氯化钠内相钻井液体系。加重材料颗粒的粒径越小,沉降稳定性能越好,动态剪切和静态沉降条件下Mn3O4为加重材料的油基钻井液沉降稳定性能都优于其他加重材料体系。     

PIBSI对油基钻井液性能影响研究

常温条件下分别采用5号和3号两种白油配制基浆和油基钻井液体系,并在基浆和钻井液体系中加入不同质量分数的聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(PIBSI),考察不同温度下PIBSI的质量分数对基浆和钻井液体系流变、沉降和滤失性能的影响。结果表明,对于基浆而言,低温条件下(4℃)PIBSI能够提高基浆的沉降稳定性能,基浆的黏度随PIBSI质量分数的增加先降低后增加。对于油基钻井液体系而言,在适当质量分数下(5号白油体系PIBSI质量分数为2%,3号白油体系PIBSI质量分数为0.2%),PIBSI能够有效降低体系低温条件下(4℃)的黏度,而对室温(25℃)和高温(65℃)条件下体系的黏度、动切力等参数影响程度较小。PIBSI质量分数越高,两种油基钻井液体系的高温高压降滤失量越低。