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141.
Edward J. Daniels Joseph A. CarpenterJr. Claudia Duranceau Michael Fisher Candace Wheeler Gerald Winslow 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2004,56(8):28-32
Approximately 15 million cars and trucks reach the end of their useful life in the United States each year. More than 75%
of the materials from end-of-life vehicles are profitably recovered and recycled by the private sector; automotive materials
recycling is a success story. To achieve greater fuel efficiency and safety, today’s cars incorporate an increasing share
of innovative light-weight materials. While these materials greatly enhance efficiency during vehicle use, they can present
special challenges for recycling. These challenges will persist as automotive designs and the mix of materials used in vehicles
continue evolving to further improve safety and performance. To meet the challenges of automotive materials recycling, the
U.S. Department of Energy has recently expanded its collaborative research with industry in this area. This article discusses
this collaborative government/industry approach to sustainable end-of-life vehicle recycling.
For more information, contact Edward J. Daniels, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Building 362, Room C393,
Argonne, IL 60439-4815; (630) 252-5279; fax (630) 252-1342; e-mail edaniels@anl.gov. 相似文献
142.
Decision recommendations are a set of alternative options for clinical decisions (e.g., diagnosis, prognosis, treatment selection, follow-up, and prevention) that are provided to decision makers by knowledge-based Clinical Decision Support Systems (k-CDSS) as aids. We propose to follow a “reasoning over domain” approach for the generation of decision recommendations by gathering and inferring conclusions from production rules. In order to rationalize our approach, we present a specification that will sustain the logic models supported in the knowledge bases we use for persistence. We introduce first the underlying knowledge model and then the necessary extensions that will convey toward the solution of the reported needs. The starting point of our approach is the proposition of Reflexive Ontologies (RO). Here, we go a step further, proposing an extension of RO that includes the handling and reasoning that production rules provide. Our approach speeds up the recommendation generation process. 相似文献
143.
Li Dong-fen Wang Rui-jin Zhang Feng-li Baagyere Edward Qin Zhen Xiong Hu Zhan Huayi 《Quantum Information Processing》2016,15(11):4819-4837
Quantum Information Processing - With the advent of the Internet and information and communication technology, quantum teleportation has become an important field in information security and its... 相似文献
144.
“The only truly secure system is one that is powered off, cast in a block of concrete and sealed in a lead-lined room with armed guards—and even then I have my doubts.” —Gene Spafford, Professor of Computer Science, Purdue University 相似文献
145.
Suehye Park Edward Namkyu Cho Ilgu Yun 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2013,21(8):333-338
Amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin‐film transistors (TFTs) have attracted increasing attention due to their electrical performance and their potential for use in transparent and flexible devices. Because TFTs are exposed to illumination through red, green, and blue color filters, wavelength‐varied light illumination tests are required to ensure stable TFT characteristics. In this paper, the effects of different light wavelengths under both positive and negative VGS stresses on amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O TFTs are investigated. The TFT instability that is dependent on optical and electrical stresses can be explained by the charge trapping mechanism and interface modification. 相似文献
146.
Friday Njaya Katherine A. Snyder Daniel Jamu John Wilson Clive Howard-Williams Edward H. Allison Neil L. Andrew 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2011
Lake Chilwa produces between zero and 24,000 metric tons of fish per year, making it one of the most productive but variable lakes in Africa. The size of the lake varies seasonally and among years, sometimes drying completely. Its surrounding wetland and floodplain provide habitat for a diversity of birds and economically valuable grasses and reeds. When the lake has water, there is considerable activity on its shores and temporary fishing villages spring up. People move in and out of the lake basin in concert with these seasonal and longer term changes. This paper examines the environmental dynamics of Lake Chilwa and its surrounding wetlands, presents an overview of the socio-economic context of the area and discusses threats to this resilient system that might occur as a result of climate change. We conclude that management of Lake Chilwa must place the lake in the wider economic and ecological system in which it is situated. Ultimately, land-use practices within the basin present more of a threat to the resilience of the fishery and people's livelihoods than overfishing or a strict focus on the lake's resources. These perspectives present significant challenges to conventional fisheries governance. 相似文献
147.
W. Hui P.J.-H. Hu † T.H.K. Clark ‡ K.Y. Tam‡ & J. Milton§ 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》2008,24(3):245-259
Abstract A field experiment compares the effectiveness and satisfaction associated with technology-assisted learning with that of face-to-face learning. The empirical evidence suggests that technology-assisted learning effectiveness depends on the target knowledge category. Building on Kolb's experiential learning model, we show that technology-assisted learning improves students' acquisition of knowledge that demands abstract conceptualization and reflective observation but adversely affects their ability to obtain knowledge that requires concrete experience. Technology-assisted learning better supports vocabulary learning than face-to-face learning but is comparatively less effective in developing listening comprehension skills. In addition, according to empirical tests, perceived ease of learning and learning community support significantly predict both perceived learning effectiveness and learning satisfaction. Overall, the results support our hypotheses and research model and suggest instructors should consider the target knowledge when considering technology-assisted learning options or designing a Web-based course. In addition, a supportive learning community can make technology-assisted learning easier for students and increase their learning satisfaction. 相似文献
148.
149.
Stephen J. Blackband Richard W. Bowtell Andrew Peters Jonathan C. Sharp Peter Mansfield Edward W. Hsu Nanci Aiken Anthony Horsman 《Magma (New York, N.Y.)》1994,2(3):445-447
Previous NMR microimaging studies at 360 MHz have demonstrated a clear differentiation between the nucleus and cytoplasm in isolated single neurons. In particular, theT
2 of the cell nucleus is 2.5 times larger than that of the cytoplasm. In order to determine the magnitude of possibleT
2
*
influences on these observations, images of single cells have been obtained at 500 MHz using spin-echo and line-narrowing sequences. Comparison of the images acquired by the two sequences, and of the spin-echo images at 360 and 500 MHz, imply that anyT
2
*
contributions are relatively small. Consequently, the measuredT
2 differences in spin-echo imaging represent a true difference in theT
2 relaxation in the two cellular compartments. 相似文献
150.