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61.
Ana B. Petermann Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes Lorena Ortega Claudio Coddou Gonzalo E. Yvenes 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(10)
Fatty acids (FAs) are essential components of the central nervous system (CNS), where they exert multiple roles in health and disease. Among the FAs, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been widely recognized as a key molecule for neuronal function and cell signaling. Despite its relevance, the molecular pathways underlying the beneficial effects of DHA on the cells of the CNS are still unclear. Here, we summarize and discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of DHA in neural cells with a special focus on processes of survival, morphological development, and synaptic maturation. In addition, we examine the evidence supporting a potential therapeutic role of DHA against CNS tumor diseases and tumorigenesis. The current results suggest that DHA exerts its actions on neural cells mainly through the modulation of signaling cascades involving the activation of diverse types of receptors. In addition, we found evidence connecting brain DHA and ω-3 PUFA levels with CNS diseases, such as depression, autism spectrum disorders, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the context of cancer, the existing data have shown that DHA exerts positive actions as a coadjuvant in antitumoral therapy. Although many questions in the field remain only partially resolved, we hope that future research may soon define specific pathways and receptor systems involved in the beneficial effects of DHA in cells of the CNS, opening new avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies for CNS diseases. 相似文献
62.
Valeria Gaspari Camilla Ceccarani Marco Severgnini Gionathan Orioni Tania Camboni Luca Laghi Sara Morselli Claudio Foschi Antonella Marangoni Clarissa Consolandi Bianca Maria Piraccini 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(10)
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the agent of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Until now, little information is available about the microbial composition of urine samples during CT urethritis. Therefore, in this study, we characterized the microbiome and metabolome profiles of first-void urines in a cohort of women with CT urethral infection attending an STI clinic. Methods: Based on CT positivity by nucleic acid amplification techniques on urine samples, the enrolled women were divided into two groups, i.e., “CT-negative” (n = 21) and “CT-positive” (n = 11). Urine samples were employed for (i) the microbiome profile analysis by means of 16s rRNA gene sequencing and (ii) the metabolome analysis by 1H-NMR. Results: Irrespective of CT infection, the microbiome of first-void urines was mainly dominated by Lactobacillus, L. iners and L. crispatus being the most represented species. CT-positive samples were characterized by reduced microbial biodiversity compared to the controls. Moreover, a significant reduction of the Mycoplasmataceae family—in particular, of the Ureaplasma parvum species—was observed during CT infection. The Chlamydia genus was positively correlated with urine hippurate and lactulose. Conclusions: These data can help elucidate the pathogenesis of chlamydial urogenital infections, as well as to set up innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. 相似文献
63.
Bibiana C. Mota Nathan Ashburner Laura Abelleira-Hervas Liyueyue Liu Robertas Aleksynas Lucio Claudio Rovati Gianfranco Caselli Magdalena Sastre 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)
Recent evidence suggests that I2-imidazoline ligands have neuroprotective properties in animal models of neurodegeneration, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We recently demonstrated that the I2-ligand BU224 reversed memory impairments in AD transgenic mice and this effect was not because of reductions in amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. In this study, our aim was to determine the therapeutic potential of the powerful analgesic I2-imidazoline ligand CR4056 in the 5xFAD model of AD, since this ligand has been proven to be safely tolerated in humans. Sub-chronic oral administration of CR4056 (30 mg/kg for 10 days) led to an improvement in recognition memory in 6-month-old 5xFAD mice, but not in wild-type littermates, without affecting Aβ levels or deposition. Our results also revealed a change in the profile of microglia by CR4056, resulting in a suppression of pro-inflammatory activated microglia, but increased the density of astrocytes and the expression of ApoE, which is mainly produced by these glial cells. In addition, CR4056 restored fibrinogen extravasation, affecting the distribution of markers of astrocytic end feet in blood vessels. Therefore, these results suggest that CR4056 protects against Aβ-mediated neuroinflammation and vascular damage, and offers therapeutic potential at any stage of AD. 相似文献
64.
Camila Reyes Estefanía Nova-Lamperti Daniel Duran-Sandoval Daniela Rojas Jorge Gajardo Enrique Guzman-Gutierrez Camila Bustos-Ruiz Valeska Ormazbal Felipe A. Zúiga Carlos Escudero Claudio Aguayo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is the most harmful form of cholesterol associated with vascular atherosclerosis and hepatic injury, mainly due to inflammatory cell infiltration and subsequent severe tissue injury. Lox-1 is the central ox-LDL receptor expressed in endothelial and immune cells, its activation regulating inflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factor secretion. Recently, a Lox-1 truncated protein isoform lacking the ox-LDL binding domain named LOXIN has been described. We have previously shown that LOXIN overexpression blocked Lox-1-mediated ox-LDL internalization in human endothelial progenitor cells in vitro. However, the functional role of LOXIN in targeting inflammation or tissue injury in vivo remains unknown. In this study, we investigate whether LOXIN modulated the expression of Lox-1 and reduced the inflammatory response in a high-fat-diet mice model. Results indicate that human LOXIN blocks Lox-1 mediated uptake of ox-LDL in H4-II-E-C3 cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that overexpression of LOXIN reduced both fatty streak lesions in the aorta and inflammation and fibrosis in the liver. These findings were associated with the down-regulation of Lox-1 in endothelial cells. Then, LOXIN prevents hepatic and aortic tissue damage in vivo associated with reduced Lox-1 expression in endothelial cells. We encourage future research to understand better the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic use of LOXIN. 相似文献
65.
We presentthe results of a research work targeted to understanding thedomains and consequences of CASE tools usage in Nokia. We aimto evaluate the importance of the various CASE tools features,as rated by our developers, and how well such features are implementedin currently available CASE tools. A structured questionnairewas sent to our most experienced developers and CASE users. Fromthis survey, it emerged that CASE tools support is reputed mostuseful for the following functions: graphical drawing, automaticdocumentation generation and storage of diagrams. The resultshint to a mismatch between the features required by the developersand those offered by CASE products. Further research is neededbefore more definite conclusions can be drawn. 相似文献
66.
Claudio Rocchini Paolo Cignoni Fabio Ganovelli Claudio Montani Paolo Pingi Roberto Scopigno 《The Visual computer》2004,20(2-3):149-164
A new algorithm for the integration of partially overlapping range images into a triangular mesh is presented. The algorithm consists of three main steps: it locates the intersections between the range surfaces and a reference grid chosen by the user, then merges all nearly coincident and redundant intersections according to a proximity criterion, and, finally, reconstructs the merged surface(s) from the filtered intersection set.
Compared with previous methods, which adopt a volumetric approach, our algorithm shows lower computational costs and improves the accuracy of the surfaces produced. It takes into account the quality of the input measurements and is able to patch small holes corresponding to the parts of the 3D scanned object that were not observed by the acquisition device.
The algorithm has been tested on several datasets of range maps; graphical and numeric results are reported. 相似文献
67.
Ground-Hypotheses for Beta Distribution as Bayesian Prior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The paper discusses the problem of a reasonable basis for choosing a prior distribution for a probability. The beta distribution is derived on the basis of some ground-hypotheses. The limitations of the proposed approach and a simple application are discussed with reference to Reliability. 相似文献
68.
Giulia Poli Consuelo Fabi Chiara Sugoni Marina Maria Bellet Claudio Costantini Giovanni Luca Stefano Brancorsini 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(9)
Varicocele (VC) is the most common abnormality identified in men evaluated for hypofertility. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced antioxidants concentrations are key contributors in varicocele-mediated hypofertility. Moreover, inflammation and alterations in testicular immunity negatively impact male fertility. In particular, NLRP3 inflammasome activation was hypothesized to lead to seminal inflammation, in which the levels of specific cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, are overexpressed. In this review, we described the role played by oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in VC disease. The consequences of ROS overproduction in testis, including inflammation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, chromatin damage, and sperm DNA fragmentation, leading to abnormal testicular function and failed spermatogenesis, were highlighted. Finally, we described some therapeutic antioxidant strategies, with recognized beneficial effects in counteracting OS and inflammation in testes, as possible therapeutic drugs against varicocele-mediated hypofertility. 相似文献
69.
Claudio Bernardazzi Morgana Teixeira Lima Castelo-Branco Beatriz Pêgo Beatriz Elias Ribeiro Siane Lopes Bittencourt Rosas Patrícia Teixeira Santana Joo Carlos Machado Camille Leal Fabiano Thompson Robson Coutinho-Silva Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(9)
70.
Carmen M González‐Henríquez Luis H Tagle Claudio A Terraza Ángel Leiva Andrés Barriga González Ulrich G Volkmann Alejandro L Cabrera Esteban Ramos‐Moore Maximiliano Pavez‐Moreno 《Polymer International》2012,61(5):810-817
Polyesters were synthesized by direct polycondensation of thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid and five different silarylene‐containing diphenols using a tosyl chloride/pyridine/N,N‐dimethylformamide system as a condensing agent. Polymers were obtained in good yields and were characterized using Fourier transform infrared and NMR (1H, 13C, 135‐DEPT and 29Si) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All polymers were completely soluble in aprotic organic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide and N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone. The range of effective mass of the polymers (m/z) was 1 × 105–2 × 105, determined using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Asymmetry and steric hindrance prevented dense packing of the polymeric chains, showing glass transition temperatures between ? 78 and ? 51 °C and loss of thermal stability at 177–199 °C (10% weight loss). Additionally, the melting points of the polyesters were found to be in the range 62–67 °C. Because of this, the samples were semi‐solid at room temperature. The optical band gaps of the polymers were observed between 4.54 and 4.48 eV, corresponding in all cases to insulator behavior. The molecular structure of the samples was studied using X‐ray diffraction, showing a degree of order that was associated with two monoclinic lattices. Additionally, the conductivity was studied using a two‐point method with contacts on top of polymer films. Prior to the electrical measurement, the samples were polarized in an external electric field of 0.8 to 6.4 V cm?1, and the alignment of the dipoles increased the electrical conductivity. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献