单载流子传输双异质结光敏晶体管频率特性分析(邀请论文)

为了缓解光敏晶体管探测器在响应度和响应速度优化时存在的矛盾并提高响应度和响应速度,分析了单载流子传输(uni—travelling—carrier,UTC)双异质结光敏晶体管(double hetero-junction phototransistor,DHPT)中光生载流子对发射结结电容和集电结结电容的影响,建立了UTC—DHPT的频率特性模型.基于所建模型,研究了UTC—DHPT在电学晶体管工作状态(double hetero-junction transistor,DHBT)、基极光偏置的二端工作模式(two terminal,2T)和基极光电混合偏置的三端工作模式(three terminal,3T)的光电流增益和光学特征频率.结果表明:UTC—DHPT比传统的单异质结光敏晶体管(single hetero-junction phototransistor,SHPT)有更好的频率特性,3T工作模式下的UTC—DHPT可以同时提供高响应度和高响应速度.     

一株产内切菊粉酶菌株培养条件的响应面优化

从新疆石河子盐碱地菊芋生长根际土壤中,分离筛选得到10株具有内切菊粉酶活力的菌株,复筛得到1株高产内切菊粉酶活力菌株,将其命名为G-60。在单因素实验的基础上,采用Plackett-Burman实验法对8个因素进行了显著因素的筛选,结果表明,菊粉浓度、蛋白胨浓度和装液量对内切菊粉酶酶活影响显著;通过最陡爬坡实验及Central Composite Design设计进一步优化,得到最佳发酵产酶条件为:菊粉浓度66.5g/L、蛋白胨浓度29.1g/L、装液量49.38mL,内切菊粉酶活力达24.62U/mL,与优化前相比提高了1.55倍。      

牦牛乳酪蛋白糖巨肽生产工艺研究

酪蛋白糖巨肽是κ-酪蛋白经酶解后生成的一类含有糖链的多肽,具有许多生理功能。本文研究了牦牛乳酪蛋白糖巨肽的生产工艺条件,通过正交实验得到了最佳工艺条件:底物浓度50g/L、酶底比为0.5/100、反应温度为45℃,酶解时间为3.5h。酪蛋白糖巨肽产品得率9.4%,纯度96.78%,蛋白质87.18%,唾液酸含量6.125mg/g。      

红酵母红素对氧化应激细胞PC12细胞的保护机制

探究红酵母红素对氧化应激细胞的保护机制。PC12细胞（大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞）分为对照组、模型组（200μmol/L H₂O₂）、番茄红素组（20μmol/L番茄红素+200μmol/L H₂O₂,阳性对照组）和红酵母红素组（1μmol/L红酵母红素+200μmol/L H₂O₂、2μmol/L红酵母红素+200μmol/L H₂O₂和3μmol/L红酵母红素+200μmol/L H₂O₂）,分别观察PC12细胞的形态变化,检测细胞凋亡率、半胱氨酸蛋白酶Caspase-3的活性及细胞中促凋亡蛋白Bax和抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达含量。结果表明,与模型组相比,3μmol/L的红酵母红素能维持细胞原有形态,降低了11.6%的细胞凋亡率（p<0.05）,抑制了62.92%的Caspase-3活性（p<0.01）,进一步研究发现红酵母红素能够下调Bax的表达（p<0.01）,上调Bcl-2的表达（p<0.01）,从而阻止了凋亡链反应。综上所述,红酵母红素可能通过抑制Caspase-3活性,调节Bax和Bcl-2的表达来发挥对氧化应激细胞的保护作用,且其作用存在剂量依赖性。      

四川传统发酵肉中乳酸菌的分离及发酵特性研究

对四川传统发酵肉中乳酸菌进行分离鉴定,并对其发酵特性进行研究。以四川腊肉为研究对象,采用平板划线法对乳酸菌进行分离纯化,利用16S r DNA的序列测定技术对其鉴定,并对分离菌株在不同温度、p H、Na Cl浓度、亚硝酸盐浓度条件下的生长代谢、产酸能力进行研究,并对发酵产物中游离氨基酸进行测定分析。结果表明:筛选出的一株优势乳酸菌经分子生物学鉴定为戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)。分离菌株对数生长期为6~18 h;最适发酵温度30℃,发酵p H5.5;对Na Cl及Na NO2耐受能力分别高达10%和150 mg/L;其代谢产物中共测出16种游离氨基酸,共包含5种人体必需氨基酸。      

维科天然生物制剂对干酪乳杆菌生长影响的初探

利用植物资源开发新的培养方法来促进干酪乳杆菌的生长。在单因素优化实验的基础上,采用响应面实验设计,首次对能缓解环境污染的维科（WIC）天然生物制剂影响干酪乳杆菌生长的条件进行初步优化。结果表明,维科天然生物制剂可以促进干酪乳杆菌的生长。经过响应面分析得到的最优促生长条件为:温度39.51℃,培养基起始p H6.16,接种量1.34%,最适维科制剂培养浓度12.56 mg/m L,干酪乳杆菌的实际OD_610nm值达2.227,菌落总数为7.3×10⁹CFU/m L。本研究给该天然生物制剂应用提供了理论依据。      

Energy transfer,superior thermal stability and multi-color emitting properties of langbeinite-type solid-solution phosphor K_2Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_xTa_(0.5)(PO_4)_3

Langbeinite type compounds are a large kind of oxometallate with good flexibility structure.Herein,we synthesized a new langbeinite type compound K_2 Dy_(1.5)Ta_(0.5)(PO_4)_3,in which the Dy~(3+) and Ta~(5+) were blended to occupy the same crystallographic sites.Simultaneously,solid solutions of K_2 Dy_(1.5)_(-x)Eu_xTa_(0.5)(PO_4)_3(x=0-1.5) were prepared and their photoluminescence properties were investigated.Due to energy transfer from Dy~(3+) to Eu~(3+),both Dy~(3+) and Eu~(3+) characteristic emissions are observed under 393 nm light excitation.The emitting color of K_2 Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_xTa_(0.5)(PO_4)_3 turns from green through yellow to red by simply adjusting the Eu~(3+) concentration from 0 to 0.4.Moreover,K_2 Dy_(1.48)Eu_(0.02)Ta_(0.5)(PO_4)_3 phosphor possesses excellent fluorescence thermal stability and exhibits zero thermal quenching at 150 ℃.These results manifest that K_2 Dy_(1.5-x)Eu_xTa_(0.5)(PO_4)_3 solutions are promising multi-color emitting phosphors candidate for near-UV LED.     

High Glucose-Induced Cardiomyocyte Damage Involves Interplay between Endothelin ET-1/ETA/ETB Receptor and mTOR Pathway

Patients with type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Impairments of endothelin-1 (ET-1) signaling and mTOR pathway have been implicated in diabetic cardiomyopathies. However, the molecular interplay between the ET-1 and mTOR pathway under high glucose (HG) conditions in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts has not been investigated. We employed MTT assay, qPCR, western blotting, fluorescence assays, and confocal microscopy to assess the oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage under hyperglycemic conditions in H9c2 cells. Our results showed that HG-induced cellular stress leads to a significant decline in cell survival and an impairment in the activation of ET_A-R/ET_B-R and the mTOR main components, Raptor and Rictor. These changes induced by HG were accompanied by a reactive oxygen species (ROS) level increase and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss. In addition, the fragmentation of mitochondria and a decrease in mitochondrial size were observed. However, the inhibition of either ET_A-R alone by ambrisentan or ET_A-R/ET_B-R by bosentan or the partial blockage of the mTOR function by silencing Raptor or Rictor counteracted those adverse effects on the cellular function. Altogether, our findings prove that ET-1 signaling under HG conditions leads to a significant mitochondrial dysfunction involving contributions from the mTOR pathway.     

Shifting the pH Optima of (R)-Selective Transaminases by Protein Engineering

Amine transaminases (ATAs) are powerful biocatalysts for the stereoselective synthesis of chiral amines. However, wild-type ATAs usually show pH optima at slightly alkaline values and exhibit low catalytic activity under physiological conditions. For efficient asymmetric synthesis ATAs are commonly used in combination with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, optimal pH: 7.5) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH, optimal pH: 7.75) to shift the equilibrium towards the synthesis of the target chiral amine and hence their pH optima should fit to each other. Based on a protein structure alignment, variants of (R)-selective transaminases were rationally designed, produced in E. coli, purified and subjected to biochemical characterization. This resulted in the discovery of the variant E49Q of the ATA from Aspergillus fumigatus, for which the pH optimum was successfully shifted from pH 8.5 to 7.5 and this variant furthermore had a two times higher specific activity than the wild-type protein at pH 7.5. A possible mechanism for this shift of the optimal pH is proposed. Asymmetric synthesis of (R)-1-phenylethylamine from acetophenone in combination with LDH and GDH confirmed that the variant E49Q shows superior performance at pH 7.5 compared to the wild-type enzyme.