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121.
Daniela F. Olivera Viviana O. Salvadori 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2011,46(7):1445-1454
Food consumption patterns have changed significantly during the last years, showing an increase in the consumption of convenience foods. Frozen foods represent an important segment of this market. The aim of the present paper was to study the influence of frozen storage on the quality of cooked organic tagliatelle. Instrumental measurements of different quality parameters (moisture content, colour, textural and rheological characteristics of frozen cooked pasta) were performed during twelve months of storage. The sensory properties of pasta were also evaluated by means of an acceptability study. In general, both instrumental and sensory analysis found that frozen storage affects negatively the acceptability of cooked pasta. The advantages obtained through fast freezing procedures are not maintained along storage, being hardness (instrumental) and consistency (sensory) the most relevant quality indices. Finally, the shelf life of the product was calculated as 3.6 and 3.8 months in the cryogenic device and air‐blast tunnel, respectively, based on simple kinetic models. 相似文献
122.
Potentilla erecta (L.) is known for the high concentration of proanthocyanidin oligomers (PAs) in its underground parts. The use of its preparations as food supplements and the lack of chemical–analytical studies concerning with an efficient chromatographic separation procedure for these compounds led us to develop a strategy to profile PAs occurring in this species. 相似文献
123.
124.
In this work, we developed molecular tools used in standard laboratory yeast strains, such as the cre–loxP system, so that they can be used with natural and industrial prototrophic yeast species. We constructed a new generation of dominant cassettes, with mutated loxP sites (loxLE and lox2272) and selectable drug markers, to create heterothallic strains and auxotrophic mutants without incurring in the risk of generating chromosomal rearrangements. We have shown that our newly developed loxLE–hphNT1–loxRE and lox2272–natNT2–lox2272 gene‐disruption cassettes can be present in the yeast genome together with the widely used loxP–marker gene–loxP cassettes without any recombination between the lox sequences. Moreover, we also developed a new phleomycin‐resistant Cre‐expressing vector (to excise multiple markers simultaneously) and two new standard loxP deletion cassettes containing hygromicin B and cloNAT as selecatable markers. To validate these cassettes, we created heterothallic auxotrophic S. cerevisiae strains, without the risk of incurring gross chromosomal rearrangements, and we showed an example of a fitness study of intraspecific hybrids deriving from parents with different adaptations to carbon‐limited resources. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
125.
Fiber introduction mass spectrometry: fully direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction with mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This work describes the first fully direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with mass spectrometry. An inlet system using a septum as the only interface between the ambient and the high-vacuum mass spectrometer was constructed to allow the introduction of the SPME needle directly into the ionization region of a mass spectrometer. The PDMS-coated fiber was then placed and exposed exactly between the two ionization filaments. Uniform heating of the fiber, efficient thermal desorption, and electron ionization of the analytes were achieved. Using this new analytical technique, here termed fiber introduction mass spectrometry (FIMS), we have been able to detect and quantitate several volatile (VOC) and semivolatile (SVOC) organic chemicals (carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene, xylenes, gamma-terpinene, diisoamyl ether, chlorobenzene, and many PAHs) and two herbicides (Sylvex and its methyl ether) from aqueous solutions at low-ppb to ppt levels using either SPME headspace or solution extraction. FIMS shows high sensitivity (ng/L), good reproducibility, and accuracy, providing therefore a simple and effective approach to rapid analysis of VOC and SVOC in various matrixes. 相似文献
126.
Two methods are presented for the amplitude and phase recovery of optical beams with rotational symmetry. These are the tomographic method based on the ambiguity function and the one-step wavefront recovery based on the measurement of a phase-space distribution closely related to the Wigner distribution function. The results obtained from these two methods are compared, and the appropriateness of using either one of them for specific situations is discussed. 相似文献
127.
Paola Carrara Daniela Fogli Giuseppe Fresta Piero Mussio 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2002,1(4):288-304
This paper proposes a new effective strategy for designing and implementing interactive systems overcoming culture, skill
and situation hurdles in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). The strategy to identify and reduce these hurdles is developed
in the framework of a methodology based on a recently introduced model of HCI, and exploits the technological innovations
of XML (Extensible Markup Language). HCI is modelled as a cyclic process in which the user and the interactive system communicate
by materializing and interpreting a sequence of messages. The interaction process is formalized by specifying both the physical
message appearance and the computational aspect of the interaction. This formalization allows the adoption of notation traditionally
adopted by users in their workplaces as the starting point of the interactive system design. In this way, the human–system
interaction language takes into account the users’ culture. Moreover, the methodology permits user representatives to build
a hierarchy of systems progressively adapted to users’ situations, skills and habits, according to the work organization in
the domain considered. The strategy is proved to be effective by describing how to implement it using BANCO (Browsing Adaptive
Network for Changing user Operativity), a feasibility prototype based on XML, which allows the hierarchy implementation and
system adaptations. Several examples from an environmental case under study are used throughout the paper to illustrate the
methodology and the effectiveness of the technology adopted.
Published online: 4 June 2002 相似文献
128.
Daniela Favaretto Paolo Mazzega Alberto Mezzaroba Bruno Viscolani 《Dynamics and Control》1996,6(1):91-104
We consider an application of optimal control theory to a marketing problem, in which a firm seeks the maximum profit by producing and selling a seasonal product. We assume that the firm can advertise its product in order to improve the firm goodwill and affect the product demand positively. In particular the demand is zero when the goodwill is less than a fixed threshold. The original optimal control problem is shown to be equivalent to a nonlinear programming problem, which has an optimal solution, possibly not unique.
Editor: G. Leitmann 相似文献
129.
130.
Pignatello R Spadaro D Vandelli MA Forni F Puglisi G 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2004,30(3):277-288
The present study is a preliminary exploration of the affinity between a carboxylic model drug, the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent ibuprofen (IBU) and Eudragit RL100 (RL) polymer. Due to the presence of a variable amount of quaternary ammonium groups in this matrix, physical and chemical interaction with the carboxylic drug can occur, which reinforces its scant mechanical dispersion in the polymer network and can ultimately affect its release profile in vitro and in vivo. To study these aspects, IBU was mixed at increasing weight ratios and in different chemical forms (free acid, sodium salt, and n-butyl ester), to investigate further the role of the carboxylic group in the interaction with the RL polymer. Therefore, IBU-RL solid dispersions (coevaporates) were obtained and fully characterized in the solid state through spectroscopic, calorimetric, and x-ray diffractometric analyses. The in vitro release pattern of the drug, in the different chemical states, was studied for the coevaporates, compared with drug-RL physical mixtures, along with drug adsorption profiles from aqueous solutions on the surface of the polymer granules. 相似文献