Rheological properties of ethylcellulose latex

Because of their large specific surface area, aqueous‐based pseudolatex systems of ethylcellulose can absorb large amounts of drugs. In addition, the stability of polymeric particles in biological fluids delays the release of the drug as in controlled drug delivery systems. The aim of the present study was to characterize the rheological properties of latex particles as a measure of their colloidal stability. Here, we report the effect of three variables: pH, electrolyte concentration, and temperature. The rheograms clearly show that the polymer suspensions displayed Bingham plastic behavior. Internal structuring of the latex was greatest at acid and natural pH values, particularly at the highest ionic strength. In acid solutions, only temperature appeared to play a fundamental role; both the shear stress corresponding to the onset of nonlinear viscoelasticity and the elastic modulus at all frequencies were higher at 37°C than those at room temperature. This is assumed to be a consequence of deformation of the polymer particles upon heating. The effect of ionic strength was noticeable only at the natural pH (pH ? 6.5). At high concentrations of sodium chloride, the particles aggregated because of the decrease in double layer repulsion, and as a result, the latex became structured and its elastic modulus subsequently increased. Interestingly, when the temperature was increased further, this structure presumably broke, down, at least partially, and the storage modulus was reduced. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 847–851, 2006     

转盘反应器固定米根霉的L－乳酸发酵

研究了米根霉的固定化方法，研制了用吸附法固定米根霉的生物转盘反应器，考察了在该反应器中培养基组成及其它操作条件对Ｌ－乳酸发酵的影响。实验结果表明，应用吸附法固定化的米根霉及生物转盘反应器进行Ｌ－乳酸发酵具有发酵速率快，Ｌ－乳酸得率高及既能用于连续发酵又能用于间歇发酵等优点     

我国合成树脂的展望

综述了我国“八五”期间合成树脂LDPE、LLDPE、HDPE、PP、PS、ABS以及工程塑料PA、POM、PC、PET、PBT、PTFE、PSF、PPO、MPPO、PPS的发展情况,并介绍了新建合成树脂装置及其生产能力。     

Shear creep resistance of styrene–isoprene–styrene (SIS)‐based hot‐melt pressure‐sensitive adhesives

The effects of the properties of substrates and tackifier on the shear creep of SIS‐based HMPSAs were investigated. The holding power (t_b) and shear adhesion failure temperature (SAFT) were measured. The relationship between the complex viscosity and the holding power was examined. The holding power and SAFT values of the triblock SIS blends were higher than those of the diblock‐containing SIS blends, perhaps because blends using triblock SIS have higher crossover temperature and complex viscosity than those using diblock‐containing SIS. Higher levels of aromatic resin‐modified aliphatic tackifier and rosin ester were found to decrease the holding power of the HMPSAs. This maybe due to the fact that rosin ester and aromatic‐modified aliphatic resin are compatible with both the ends and midblocks of SIS. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 825–831, 2006     

High PVC film‐forming composite latex particles via miniemulsification,part 1: Preparation

Miniemulsification technology was used to encapsulate TiO₂ particles inside a styrene/n‐butyl acrylate copolymer with high loading levels (11 to 70% PVC (pigment volume concentration)). In this approach, a St/BA copolymer dissolved in toluene in the presence of a costabilizer (hexadecane) was mixed with a dispersion of TiO₂ particles in toluene and sonified, and then emulsified in an aqueous surfactant solution by sonification. The effect of sonification time on both the dispersibility of the TiO₂ particles in the presence of the copolymer and hexadecane and on the encapsulated particle size was investigated. Particle size analysis by dynamic light scattering showed that these composite latexes are quite stable. It was also found that as the TiO₂ loading increased from 11 to 43% PVC, the particle size of the TiO₂ dispersion decreased while the polymer‐encapsulated TiO₂ particle size increased. The effect of surfactant concentration (sodium lauryl sulfate, SLS) on the encapsulated particle size was investigated using four different SLS concentrations in the 11% PVC system. The results showed that as the SLS concentration increased the particle size decreased, as expected. Also it was found that the minimum surfactant concentration that gives stable encapsulated TiO₂ particles is above 10 mM SLS. The role of HD in the recipe was studied for an artificial latex containing no TiO₂ and one prepared at 11% PVC, in terms of particle size before and after solvent stripping, and its effect on the T_g. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 4504–4516, 2006     

自适应天线匹配低频RFID读写器设计

在工业现场、野外甚至水中,RFID读写器天线电特性参数将发生改变,导致阻抗不匹配和发射功率大幅下降,最终降低RFID读写器读写范围和效率。为了解决这个问题,构建了一个自适应天线匹配RFID读写器系统,该系统在基本读写器系统上增加了自适应电容匹配矩阵、正弦波均方根检测和模/数转换器。该系统通过依次配置电容矩阵,扫描天线发射信号幅度,检测出最佳匹配电容,实现天线阻抗的最佳匹配。通过实验表明,在一定范围内该系统能够实现自动的阻抗匹配,获取最大发射功率。     

水下拖曳体多源信息监控系统设计与实现

基于海洋电法探测系统中水下拖曳体对多源信息实时监控的需求,设计了一种准实时监测拖曳体的运动状态与环境信息的监控系统。该系统可与水面监控器保持命令与数据沟通,并在监控器的指令下启动水下电法仪执行参数设置、数据采集等操作。经系统样机的海上测试结果表明,系统性能稳定可靠,能够在其他水下信息采集作业中得到推广应用。     

免疫荧光定量分析仪设计

设计了免疫荧光定量分析仪,用以对人体血液和尿液中的各种分析物(CRP、PCT、NTpro BNP、c Tn I等)含量进行快速准确的定量分析。光源采用大功率LED灯珠,采用窄带干涉滤光片对激发光和荧光进行滤光,采用内置运放的光电转换芯片OPT101进行荧光强度的检测。采用步进电机驱动,皮带传动方式带动双排滚珠宽体滑块在单根精密直线导轨上滑动,实现对检测样品的扫描式检测。通过与标准仪器进行对比试验,结果表明样机在小型化、快速性以及低成本的基础上,测量结果准确,测量精度高,稳定性好,能满足临床应用要求。     

Characteristics of electrical responsive chitosan/polyallylamine interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel

An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel composed of chitosan and polyallylamine exhibited electric‐sensitive behavior. The chitosan/polyallylamine IPN hydrogel was synthesized by radical polymerization using 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (DMPAP) and methylene bisacrylicamide (MBAAm) as initiator and crosslinker, respectively. The swelling behavior of the IPN was studied by immersion of the gel samples in aqueous NaCl solutions at various concentrations and pHs. The swelling ratio decreased with increasing concentration and pH of electrolyte solution. The stimuli response of the IPN hydrogel in electric fields was also investigated. When a swollen the IPN was placed between a pair of electrodes, the IPN exhibited bending behavior in response to the applied electric field. The IPN also showed stepwise bending behavior depending on the electric stimulus. In addition, thermal properties of the IPN were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric analysis (DEA). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2290–2295, 2002     

A genetic tango attack against the David–Prasad RFID ultra‐lightweight authentication protocol

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a powerful technology that enables wireless information storage and control in an economical way. These properties have generated a wide range of applications in different areas. Due to economic and technological constrains, RFID devices are seriously limited, having small or even tiny computational capabilities. This issue is particularly challenging from the security point of view. Security protocols in RFID environments have to deal with strong computational limitations, and classical protocols cannot be used in this context. There have been several attempts to overcome these limitations in the form of new lightweight security protocols designed to be used in very constrained (sometimes called ultra‐lightweight) RFID environments. One of these proposals is the David–Prasad ultra‐lightweight authentication protocol. This protocol was successfully attacked using a cryptanalysis technique named Tango attack. The capacity of the attack depends on a set of boolean approximations. In this paper, we present an enhanced version of the Tango attack, named Genetic Tango attack, that uses Genetic Programming to design those approximations, easing the generation of automatic cryptanalysis and improving its power compared to a manually designed attack. Experimental results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of this new attack.