铱发光探针检测硝基芳香化合物机理

以铱(Ⅲ)配合物Ir（ppy）₃为发光探针,检测3种硝基芳香化合物,包括3?硝基苯甲酸、3?硝基苯甲醇、3?硝基三氟甲苯,并通过密度泛函理论计算结合光谱分析研究发光检测机理。结果表明,3?硝基苯甲酸、3?硝基苯甲醇和3?硝基三氟甲苯可淬灭Ir（ppy）₃在乙腈中的发光,检测效率K_SV分别为20.4、1.8 L/mmol和2.8 L/mmol,最低检测限分别达0.155×10^-6、1.760×10^-6 mol/L和1.116×10^-6 mol/L。Ir（ppy）₃对3?硝基苯甲酸、3?硝基苯甲醇和3?硝基三氟甲苯的发光检测机理为电子转移机理。     

Thyroid Hormones and Antioxidant Systems: Focus on Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases

In previous works we demonstrated an inverse correlation between plasma Coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) and thyroid hormones; in fact, CoQ₁₀ levels in hyperthyroid patients were found among the lowest detected in human diseases. On the contrary, CoQ₁₀ is elevated in hypothyroid subjects, also in subclinical conditions, suggesting the usefulness of this index in assessing metabolic status in thyroid disorders. A Low-T3 syndrome is a condition observed in several chronic diseases: it is considered an adaptation mechanism, where there is a reduction in pro-hormone T4 conversion. Low T3-Syndrome is not usually considered to be corrected with replacement therapy. We review the role of thyroid hormones in regulation of antioxidant systems, also presenting data on total antioxidant capacity and Coenzyme Q₁₀. Published studies suggest that oxidative stress could be involved in the clinical course of different heart diseases; our data could support the rationale of replacement therapy in low-T3 conditions.     

Catalysis of Transesterification Reactions by a Self-Assembled Nanosystem

Histidine-containing peptides self-assemble on the surface of monolayer protected gold nanoparticles to form a catalytic system for transesterification reactions. Self-assembly is a prerequisite for catalysis, since the isolated peptides do not display catalytic activity by themselves. A series of catalytic peptides and substrates are studied in order to understand the structural parameters that are of relevance to the catalytic efficiency of the system. It is shown that the distance between the His-residue and the anionic tail does not affect the catalytic activity. On the other hand, the catalytic His-residue is sensitive to the chemical nature of the flanking amino acid residues. In particular, the presence of polar Ser-residues causes a significant increase in activity. Finally, kinetic studies of a series of substrates reveal that substrates with a hydrophobic component are very suitable for this catalytic system.     

The cytotoxicity evaluation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on human aortic endothelial cells

One major obstacle for successful application of nanoparticles in medicine is its potential nanotoxicity on the environment and human health. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity effect of dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated iron oxide (DMSA-Fe₂O₃) using cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Our results showed that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ in the culture medium could be absorbed into HAECs, and dispersed in the cytoplasm. The cytotoxicity effect of DMSA-Fe₂O₃ on HAECs was dose-dependent, and the concentrations no more than 0.02 mg/ml had little toxic effect which were revealed by tetrazolium dye assay. Meanwhile, the cell injury biomarker, lactate dehydrogenase, was not significantly higher than that from control cells (without DMSA-Fe₂O₃). However, the endocrine function for endothelin-1 and prostacyclin I-2, as well as the urea transporter function, was altered even without obvious evidence of cell injury in this context. We also showed by real-time PCR analysis that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ exposure resulted in differential effects on the expressions of pro- and anti-apoptosis genes of HAECs. Meanwhile, it was noted that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ exposure could activate the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and adhesion molecules, which suggested that inflammatory response might be evoked. Moreover, we demonstrated by in vitro endothelial tube formation that even a small amount of DMSA-Fe₂O₃ (0.01 and 0.02 mg/ml) could inhibit angiogenesis by the HAECs. Altogether, these results indicate that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ have some cytotoxicity that may cause side effects on normal endothelial cells.     

Gemcitabine-loaded albumin nanospheres (GEM-ANPs) inhibit PANC-1 cells in vitro and in vivo

With the development of nanotechnology, special attention has been given to the nanomaterial application in tumor treatment. Here, a modified desolvation-cross-linking method was successfully applied to fabricate gemcitabine-loaded albumin nanospheres (GEM-ANPs), with 110 and 406 nm of mean diameter, respectively. The aim of this study was to assess the drug distribution, side effects, and antitumor activity of GEM-ANPs in vivo. The metabolic viability and flow cytometry analysis revealed that both GEM-ANPs, especially 406-nm GEM-ANPs, could effectively inhibit the metabolism and proliferation and promote the apoptosis of human pancreatic carcinoma (PANC-1) in vitro. Intravenous injection of 406-nm GEM-ANPs exhibited a significant increase of gemcitabine in the pancreas, liver, and spleen of Sprague–Dawley rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, no signs of toxic side effects analyzed by blood parameter changes were observed after 3 weeks of administration although a high dose (200 mg/kg) of GEM-ANPs were used. Additionally, in PANC-1-induced tumor mice, intravenous injection of 406-nm GEM-ANPs also could effectively reduce the tumor volume by comparison with free gemcitabine. With these findings, albumin nanosphere-loading approach might be efficacious to improve the antitumor activity of gemcitabine, and the efficacy is associated with the size of GEM-ANPs.     

In situ growth of well-dispersed CdS nanocrystals in semiconducting polymers

A straight synthetic route to fabricate hybrid nanocomposite films of well-dispersed CdS nanocrystals (NCs) in poly[2-methoxy-5-(2''-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) is reported. A soluble cadmium complex [Cd(SBz)₂]₂·MI, obtained by incorporating a Lewis base (1-methylimidazole, MI) on the cadmium bis(benzyl)thiol, is used as starting reagent in an in situ thermolytic process. CdS NCs with spherical shape nucleate and grow well below 200°C in a relatively short time (30 min). Photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements performed on CdS/MEH-PPV nanocomposites show that CdS photoluminescence peaks are totally quenched inside MEH-PPV, if compared to CdS/PMMA nanocomposites, as expected due to overlapping of the polymer absorption and CdS emission spectra. The CdS NCs are well-dispersed in size and homogeneously distributed within MEH-PPV matrix as proved by transmission electron microscopy. Nanocomposites with different precursor/polymer weight ratios were prepared in the range from 1:4 to 4:1. Highly dense materials, without NCs clustering, were obtained for a weight/weight ratio of 2:3 between precursor and polymer, making these nanocomposites particularly suitable for optoelectronic and solar energy conversion applications.     

Assessment of production efficiency,physicochemical properties and storage stability of spray-dried propolis,a natural food additive,using gum Arabic and OSA starch-based carrier systems

The aim of this work was to obtain propolis in a powder, alcohol-free, water-dispersed and shelf-stable form. Propolis extract was spray-dried using gum Arabic and octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch as carriers in two different weight ratios (1:4 and 1:6). Spray-dried propolis samples were evaluated for morphology, moisture, water activity, water dispersibility, hygroscopicity, particle size, particle distribution, entrapping efficiency, stability, isotherms and antioxidant properties. The spray-drying process produced round particles with sizes ranging from 15 to 24 μm. This process preserved the antioxidant activity of propolis and also allowed propolis to be obtained in a powder form, which was stable during storage at room temperature, had low hygroscopicity and was highly dispersible in cold water. The application of this technology could increase the use of propolis in various industrial applications, such as an antimicrobial and as an antioxidant in food.     

The influence of drying air temperature on the physical properties of dried and rehydrated eggplant

Drying processes generally cause volume and surface change of foodstuffs. Information on the porous structure and the mechanical properties of dried food products is needed for determining food quality, process design and estimating properties such as density and moisture diffusivity.In this work we investigated the structural changes induced in eggplant by convective air drying at four different temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and their effect on the subsequent rehydration process. Drying and rehydration kinetic curves were also measured.The changes in physical properties, such as porosity, pore-size distribution and bulk density were determined by Hg porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy while their effect on the textural characteristics by dynamometric measurements.As expected, the increase of the drying air temperature causes shorter drying times. The drying temperature influences strongly the microstructure of dried samples: the porosity increases with the air temperature, but the structure is better preserved at intermediate temperature (60 °C) as confirmed by the lower firmness values with respect to the other dehydrated samples (40, 50 and 70 °C). In these latter, the longer drying time and the higher temperature, respectively, causes the development of a wrinkled structure. In particular, at 70 °C the structure of dehydrated samples appears totally broken with a consequent faster water uptake during rehydration.     

永磁同步伺服电机在注塑机中的应用

文章对比了同步电机与异步电机在性能、效率等方面的优缺点，以及海天公司在变频注塑机上的控制技术。测试证明，利用该技术与同步电机的注塑机，比使用变量泵的注塑机节能20％～30％。同时，系统的响应性和可控性都有较大提高。     

Synthesis of Fluorinated Hyperbranched Polymers and Their Use as Additives in Cationic Photopolymerization

Summary: A fluorine containing hyperbranched polymer was synthesized by modifying an aromatic‐aliphatic hyperbranched polyester with a semifluorinated alcohol via a Mitsunobu reaction and was subsequently used as an additive in cationic photopolymerization of an epoxy resin. The remaining OH groups of the fluorinated hyperbranched polymer interact with the polymeric carbocation through a chain‐transfer mechanism inducing an increase in the final epoxy conversion. The fluorinated HBP induces modification of bulk and surface properties, with an increase in T_g and surface hydrophobicity already reached at very low concentration. The HBFP additive can, therefore, protect the coatings from aggressive solvents, increases hardness, and allows the preparation of a low energy surface coating.

Synthesis of fluorinated hyperbranched polyester.