层流冷却传热系数对金属物料温度场的影响

层流冷却的冷却强度决定着金属物料微观组织结构,从而影响产品的性能,而传热系数直接影响着冷却强度的大小。本工作提出了一种获得层流冷却传热系数的方法,通过工艺分析得到其分布形式为以喷头为中心由半波正弦和直线构成的分段函数,给出了通过结构参数、运行参数和实验数据获得函数特征参数的方法。以实验台验证了该方法的准确性,同时分析了特征参数变化对金属物料温度场的影响规律。结果表明,振幅增加1 W/(m2?K),金属物料表面温度相对下降量在最后一个区域达到最大值,为?0.36 m2?K2/W,断面温差最大相对变化量为0.07 m2?K2/W;周期减小1 s,金属物料表面温度相对增加量在最后一个区域达到最大值,为13.24 K/s,断面温差呈现周期性变化,变化范围为?2.5~0 K/s。     

Kellogg型一段转化炉管理22年

回顾一段转化炉管理２２年来,重点围绕延长转化管寿命所进行的主要工作的经验与体会。精心维护是延长炉管使用寿命的基础,抓好大修是保证炉管正常服役的重要环节,炉管判废研究是决定适时更换的依据。炉管超声波检测系统的引进与研究开发,对保障Ｋｅｌｌｏｇｇ型炉的安全运行起了极其重要的作用。创造了一炉Ｋｅｌｌｏｇｇ型竖琴管排稳产高产低消耗运行１６１０１７ｈ、生产合成氨６５３５５７７的纪录。     

Sensory Detection and Population Thresholds for Sodium Tripolyphosphate in Cooked Ground Turkey Patties

Sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) at levels of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5% by weight was added to ground turkey meat to determine if a flavor difference could be detected when STP was present. Detection thresholds for STP in ground turkey meat were determined for 30 female respondents. Two population thresholds were determined using information from the detection thresholds. Two-thirds of the respondents detected a difference between samples with no STP and those with 0.5% STP or less. STP added at less than 0.3% was undetected by more than 50% of the tested population.     

西非下刚果—刚果扇盆地A区块中新统深水水道体系沉积特征及演化

深水水道体系沉积演化特征及其控制因素研究是揭示大陆边缘“源—汇”过程和取得深水油气勘探突破的关键。下刚果—刚果扇盆地中新统发育有大型深水水道沉积,基于A区块的地震、测井、岩心等资料,利用地震属性分析等手段,阐述了中新统层序地层格架内深水水道体系的沉积特征、演化规律并讨论了其控制因素。区内中新统可划分为4个三级层序（SQ1-SQ4）,大体对应于下中新统、中中新统下段、中中新统上段及上中新统。深水水道体系岩性上以砂岩为主,沉积单元包括水道、天然堤—溢岸、末端朵体和块体搬运沉积等。SQ1以发育弱受限—不受限的加积型水道或末端朵体为主,SQ2主要发育弱受限的侵蚀型—加积型水道,SQ3以受限侵蚀型水道的发育为主导,SQ4多见孤立侵蚀型过路水道。构造隆升与剥蚀、冰期气候以及海平面变化等因素,为深水水道的发育提供了充足物源并可能导致了该地区古地貌的坡度变化,从而影响了重力流作用的强弱并控制了深水水道体系的发育和演化,盐构造活动对深水水道的发育具有重要的改向、限制、封堵、迁移或破坏作用。     

成品油调合调度优化模型及其应用

针对国内炼油厂的现状，建立了成品油调合调度优化的混合整数非线性规划模型，根据用户指定的产品需求计划优化调合调度和提货方案及调合配方，用于指导炼油厂的实际调合操作。在通用建模优化平台GAMS上，对某炼油厂的汽油调合调度进行优化，取得了较好的调合调度方案和调合配方结果。     

Influence of Cu on the properties of gadolinium-doped barium cerate

In the present work the effect of copper oxide addition on the densification behavior and electrical conductivity of BaCe_1−xGd_xO_3−δ (BCG) type ceramics is investigated. Small addition (1 mol%) of this sintering additive reduces both the calcination temperature (by ∼250 °C) and the sintering temperature (by ∼150 °C) and promotes at the same time the densification process. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis the BaCe_1−xGd_xO_3−δ samples with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2 and the BaCe_0.9−yGd_0.1Cu_yO_3−δ samples with 0.0075 ≤ y ≤ 0.07 are single-phase. It was found that the samples with Cu, when sintered at 1450 °C for 3 h, have ∼95% of relative density compared with pure BaCe_0.9Gd_0.1O_3−δ samples that have ∼86%. It was also found that the electrical conductivity of Cu-containing samples sintered at 1450 °C is comparable to those without Cu sintered at 1600 °C in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. Cu-containing samples exhibit significantly higher conductivity in both air and hydrogen atmosphere.     

Investigation of the protonic conduction in Sm doped BaCeO3

In the present work the structural and electrical properties of samarium-doped barium cerate perovskites of BaCe_1−xSm_xO_3−δ formula (with x = 0–0.2), prepared by following the solid state reaction method, are investigated. The crystal structure and microstructure of the samples is determined by employing the techniques of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). According to the XRD analysis at 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2 the formed continuous series of BaCe_1−xSm_xO_3−δ solid solutions have the structure of cubic perovskite with orthorhombic distortions. It was found that the relative density of the samples is ∼87% for 0.02 < x < 0.05 and ∼94% for 0.05 < x < 0.25. It was also found that the highest conductivity is observed for x = 0.15. Finally, the thermal expansion of BaCe_1−xSm_xO_3−δ (x = 0–0.2) is studied and the thermal expansion coefficients for the high temperature region are calculated.     

CAN总线技术在导弹控制系统中的应用

以两级弹道导弹为例,提出了一种基于CAN技术的总线式导弹控制系统的方案,给出了具有五个节点的系统结构,确定了各节点的任务和接口,制定了通讯协议和工作时序,分析了总线的使用效率.最后,针对导弹控制系统的特殊要求,通过试验分析了CAN总线的几个主要技术性能.