Study on the outcome of a cetane improver on the emission characteristics of a diesel engine

ABSTRACT

Dimethyl carbonate (DMC), a cetane improver, is used as a fuel additive to investigate the exhaust emission in diesel engine. Neem oil biodiesel (B100), neem oil biodiesel + dimethyl carbonate (B100+DMC) and diesel were used as test fuels. DMC is added 0.5% by volume to biodiesel. This research work was executed in a four-stroke, single-cylinder diesel engine. Owing to the percentage of DMC in biodiesel, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were dropped corresponding to diesel. A considerable amount of nitrogen oxide (NO_x) is decreased when diesel is used, and by the addition of B100+DMC, NO_x were slightly reduced compared to B100.     

Study on growth,optical and dielectric properties of ‘Nd’ DOPED NBT-BT (0.94(Na0.5Bi0.5tio3)-0.06batio3) relaxor ferroelectric single crystals

Journal of Electroceramics - The present work describes the effect of Neodymium (Nd) in the NBT-BT (0.94Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.06BaTiO3 (NBT-BT (94/06))?+?xNd (x?=?0, 0.4, 0.6,...     

RNA-TAG Mediated Protein-RNA Conjugation

Combinations of biological macromolecules can provide researchers with precise control and unique methods for regulating, studying, and manipulating cellular processes. For instance, combining the unmatched encodability afforded by nucleic acids with the diverse functionality of proteins has transformed our approach to solving several problems in chemical biology. Despite these benefits, there remains a need for new methods to site-specifically generate conjugates between different classes of biomolecules. Here we present a fully enzymatic strategy for combining nucleic acids and proteins using SNAP-tag and RNA-TAG (transglycosylation at guanosine) technologies via a bifunctional preQ1-benzylguanine small molecule probe. We demonstrate the robust ability of this technology to assemble site-specific SNAP-tag – RNA conjugates with RNAs of varying length and use our conjugation strategy to recruit an endonuclease to an RNA of interest for targeted degradation. We foresee that combining SNAP-tag and RNA-TAG will facilitate researchers to predictably engineer novel macromolecular complexes.     

Controlling Protein Enrichment in Lipid Sponge Phase Droplets using SNAP-Tag Bioconjugation

All cells use organized lipid compartments to facilitate specific biological functions. Membrane-bound organelles create defined spatial environments that favor unique chemical reactions while isolating incompatible biological processes. Despite the fundamental role of cellular organelles, there is a scarcity of methods for preparing functional artificial lipid-based compartments. Here, we demonstrate a robust bioconjugation system for sequestering proteins into zwitterionic lipid sponge phase droplets. Incorporation of benzylguanine (BG)-modified phospholipids that form stable covalent linkages with an O⁶-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (SNAP-tag) fusion protein enables programmable control of protein capture. We show that this methodology can be used to anchor hydrophilic proteins at the lipid-aqueous interface, concentrating them within an accessible but protected chemical environment. SNAP-tag technology enables the integration of proteins that regulate complex biological functions in lipid sponge phase droplets, and should facilitate the development of advanced lipid-based artificial organelles.