Light-Controlled Nanosystem with Size-Flexibility Improves Targeted Retention for Tumor Suppression

Although great promise has been achieved with nanomedicines in cancer therapy, limitations are still encountered, such as short retention time in the tumor. Herein, a nanosystem that can modulate the particle size in situ by near-infrared (NIR) light is self-assembled by cross-linking the surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) from the up-conversion nanoparticle with indocyanine green and doxorubicin–nitrobenezene–polyethylene glycol (DOX–NB–PEG). The nanosystem with its small size (≈100 nm) achieves better tumor targeting, while the PEG on the surface of the nanosystem can effectively shield the adsorption of proteins during blood circulation, maintaining a stable nanostructure and achieving good tumor targeting. Moreover, the nanosystem at the tumor realizes the rapid shedding of PEG on its surface by NIR irradiation, and the enhanced cellular uptake. At the same time, aggregation occurs inside the nanosystem to form bigger particles (≈600 nm) in situ, prolonging the retention time at the tumor and producing enhanced targeted therapeutic effects. In vitro data show higher cellular uptake and a higher rate of apoptosis after irradiation, and the in vivo data prove that the nanosystem have a longer residence time at the tumor site after NIR irradiation. This nanosystem demonstrates an effective therapeutic strategy in targeted synergistic tumors.     

Visualization of Negative Refraction in Chiral Nihility Media

Chiral nihility media are known to produce a backward wave as one of their two polarizations, yielding negative refraction at the interface of the chiral nihility medium and free space. In this paper, the analysis of chiral nihility effects is illustrated by showing the propagation of a Gaussian beam, both reflected and refracted from an air-chiral interface, and through layered chiral nihility media that are matched to free space. The critical angle for total reflection, and the index-matched total transmission in a matched chiral half-space, are demonstrated. Also demonstrated are the wave splitting, wave widening, and a wave of “standing phase” in matched chiral nihility slabs.     

用最小二乘法恢复逐行倒相副载波

介绍ＰＡＬ制彩色全电视信号中色同步信号编码原理及恢复逐行倒相副载波的过程中，两种计算色同步信号相位角的方法。并且在实验的基础上得出：最小二乘法在ＰＡＬ制电视信号的副载波相位角计算中不仅可以满足精度要求，而且简便灵活。     

Cerebral artery-vein separation using 0.1-Hz oscillation in dual-wavelength optical imaging

We present a novel artery-vein separation method using 0.1-Hz oscillation at two wavelengths with optical imaging of intrinsic signals (OIS). The 0.1-Hz oscillation at a green light wavelength of 546 nm exhibits greater amplitude in arteries than in veins and is primarily caused by vasomotion, whereas the 0.1-Hz oscillation at a red light wavelength of 630 nm exhibits greater amplitude in veins than in arteries and is primarily caused by changes of deoxyhemoglobin concentration. This spectral feature enables cortical arteries and veins to be segmented independently. The arteries can be segmented on the 0.1-Hz amplitude image at 546 nm using matched filters of a modified dual Gaussian model combining with a single Gaussian model. The veins are a combination of vessels segmented on both amplitude images at the two wavelengths using multiscale matched filters of single Gaussian model. Our method can separate most of the thin arteries and veins from each other, especially the thin arteries with low contrast in raw gray images. In vivo OIS experiments demonstrate the separation ability of the 0.1-Hz based segmentation method in cerebral cortex of eight rats. Two validation studies were undertaken to evaluate the performance of the method by quantifying the arterial and venous length based on a reference standard. The results indicate that our 0.1-Hz method is very effective in separating both large and thin arteries and veins regardless of vessel crossover or overlapping to great extent in comparison with previous methods.     

畸变对TDI成像相机的像移影响研究

随着时间延迟积分技术(Time Delayed and Integration,TDI)的不断成熟,具有TDI 功能的电荷耦合器件(Charge Coupled Devices,CCD)已经广泛应用到高分辨率对地成像系统。然而,采用TDI功能的成像系统在推扫成像过程中必然会受到像移的影响,导致最终成像模糊。主要分析了TDI 成像过程中光学系统畸变引起像移的原因,推导了畸变产生像移的数值计算公式,分析了光学系统畸变对TDI 成像相机调制传递函数的影响,研究了畸变和像移导致的TDI 成像相机图像退化的关系,针对焦距为9 000 mm、积分级次96 级、地面像元分辨率GSD=0.6m,F/p=1、信噪比为50:1 的TDI 成像相机,计算了在畸变产生的像移影响下导致的NIIRS(National Imagery Interpretability Rating Scale,美国国家图像解译度分级标准) 的变化值NIIRS,计算结果表明在畸变导数值D'()=6.493 时引起的驻NIIRS 达到-0.1624将影响图像的解译需求,最后分析给出了对于该空间相机不影响解译需求的D'()限制条件。可为光学遥感TDI 成像系统的设计提供参考。     

基于边缘初始化的竞争网络的矢量量化

用神经网络实现图像矢量量化是一种非常有效的方法。我们对竞争网络的初始化进行改进,提出一种新的基于边缘初始化的竞争网络的矢量量化(EICL),实验表明主客观效果良好。     

Writing current reduction and total set resistance analysis in PRAM

We evaluated the limit of scaling bottom electrode contact (BEC) heater size and high resistivity heater to reduce writing current. It was found that the resistivity of heater should be increased for reducing writing current below the heater size of about 50 nm without any undesirable increase of resistance of the crystalline state (SET state, Rset). It was shown in the numerical simulations that the dissipated heat loss through BEC during melting GST was decreased in the increase of resistivity of heater. In addition, we analyzed the resistance components contributing to the total set resistance. It was observed that the undesired sharp increase of Rset as the BEC size decreases below 50 nm was attributed to the resistance component of GST–BEC interface. In the case of high resistivity heater, the contributions of both incomplete crystallization and heater itself were enhanced.     

防空兵火控雷达综合抗干扰能力评估

对防空兵火控雷达面临的主要干扰及其所采取的主要抗干扰措施进行了分析,建立了防空兵火控雷达综合抗干扰能力评估模型,并对防空兵火控雷达综合抗干扰能力进行了评估。