Mass transfer in a plane finite pore on a broad interval of Knudsen numbers with allowance for condensation

The flow field and the flow rate of a gas in a two-dimensional plane pore of finite length are found numerically over a broad interval of Knudsen numbers with allowance for condensation on the walls.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 11–15, July, 1987.     

Strength index and structure of polycrystalline diamonds after cryogenic treatment

We present results of an experimental investigation of the strength index P (the breaking load) and the structure of synthetic polycrystalline diamonds of the carbonado type (ARK) after treatment with liquid nitrogen. We have established that the value of P for samples treated with liquid nitrogen increased on the average by 47% compared with this characteristic in the original state. Based on the data obtained, we propose a possible mechanism for strengthening of ARK polycrystalline diamonds after liquidnitrogen treatmentTranslated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 53–56, January 1996.     

Viewpoint Selection for Human Actions

In many scenarios a dynamic scene is filmed by multiple video cameras located at different viewing positions. Visualizing such multi-view data on a single display raises an immediate question—which cameras capture better views of the scene? Typically, (e.g. in TV broadcasts) a human producer manually selects the best view. In this paper we wish to automate this process by evaluating the quality of a view, captured by every single camera. We regard human actions as three-dimensional shapes induced by their silhouettes in the space-time volume. The quality of a view is then evaluated based on features of the space-time shape, which correspond with limb visibility. Resting on these features, two view quality approaches are proposed. One is generic while the other can be trained to fit any preferred action recognition method. Our experiments show that the proposed view selection provide intuitive results which match common conventions. We further show that it improves action recognition results.     

Main principles of control of “Topaz” thermal-emission nuclear power plant in various modes

Conclusion Successful ground and flight tests of the Topaz NPP have made it possible to conclude that thermal-emission NPPs of this type should have a control algorithm that for the thermal state of the NPP and, primarily, the cesium-vapor-supply system. Under nominal conditions, current control is optimal with limitation of the maximum permissible heat-transfer-agent temperature and the use of a high-speed voltage controller, which redistributes the specified current between the space vehicle and the ballast load.Scientific-Industrial Organization Red Star. Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 71, No. 6, pp. 575–578, December, 1991.     

Acute phase serum amyloid A in ovarian cancer as an important component of proteome diagnostic profiling

In the context of serum amyloid A (SAA) identification as ovarian cancer marker derived by SELDI‐MS, its serum levels were measured by immunoassay in different stages of ovarian cancer, in benign gynecological tumors, and in healthy controls. In addition, SELDI‐TOF‐MS spectra were obtained by protocol optimized for the SAA peak intensity. SELDI data on small proteins (5.5–17.5 kDa) and SAA immunoassay data were combined with cancer antigen (CA)125 data in order to study the classification accuracy between cancer and noncancer by support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression, and top scoring pair classifiers. Although an addition of SAA immunoassay data to CA125 data did not significantly improve cancer/noncancer discrimination, SVM applied to combined biomarker data (CA125 and SAA immunoassay variables plus 48 SELDI peak variables) yielded the best classification rate (accuracy 95.2% vs. 86.2% for CA125 alone). Notably, most of discriminatory peaks selected by the classifiers have significant correlation with the major known peaks of SAA (11.7 kDa) and transthyretin (13.9 kDa). Acute phase serum amyloid A (A‐SAA) was proved to be an important member of cancer discriminatory protein profile. Among the eight known ovarian cancer SELDI profile components, A‐SAA is the most relevant to molecular pathogenesis of cancer and it has the highest degree of up‐regulation in disease.     

Construction of Motion in an Intelligent System with an Automated Dispatcher

Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International - In the previous work of the authors [1], an intelligent system for the automation of dispatching activities in organizing the movement of...     

High‐Mobility Carriers in Germanene Derivatives

Buckled elemental analogs of graphene—2D‐Xenes silicene, germanene, and stanene—and their derivatives are predicted to host high‐mobility carriers. Experiments, however, have not as yet confirmed the predictions. Here, high‐mobility (exceeding 10⁴ cm² V^?1 s^?1) carriers are discovered in intercalated multilayer germanene. Epitaxial films of antiferromagnetic and diamagnetic MGe₂ are synthesized via topochemical reactions, followed by extensive studies of the atomic and magnetic structures. Quantum oscillations in MGe₂ resistance manifest quasi‐2D Fermi‐surface pockets with effective masses of carriers as low as 0.015 m_e, comparable to graphene. The detected signature of the chiral anomaly in magnetoresistance and nonzero Berry phases may indicate the topological nature of the MGe₂ electronic structure and charge transport. The discovery bridges the gap between theory and experiment, thus establishing 2D‐Xenes as promising building blocks in materials engineering. Concurrently, the combination of magnetism and high mobility in Eu‐intercalated germanene is attractive for spintronic applications.     

Detection of dark energy near the Milky Way with the Hubble Space Telescope

The global expansion of the observed Universe is accelerated by cosmic antigravity—this has been found [1,2] with high-redshift type Ia supernova observations at the very large distances of more than 1000 Mpc, half-way to the observation horizon. Antigravity is produced by enigmatic dark energy which contributes about 3/4 to the total energy of the Universe [1, 2]; this figure is also confirmed by cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy studies [3, 4]. Does antigravity act on relatively small scales as well as on global ones? High-accuracy observations of the local expansion flow made with the Hubble Space Telescope enable us to discover antigravity and to estimate dark energy density in the Local Universe at distances of a few Mpc from us. The result is entirely independent of large-distance observations or CMB studies; however, it is compatible with and complementary to them. Together with the results of [1–4], this forms direct observational evidence for antigravity as a universal cosmic phenomenon existing on small and large scales. Antigravity and dark energy are little understood, and elucidating their physical nature provides perhaps the biggest challenge in physical cosmology.     

Semi-automated knowledge discovery: identifying and profiling human trafficking

We propose an iterative and human-centred knowledge discovery methodology based on formal concept analysis. The proposed approach recognizes the important role of the domain expert in mining real-world enterprise applications and makes use of specific domain knowledge, including human intelligence and domain-specific constraints. Our approach was empirically validated at the Amsterdam-Amstelland police to identify suspects and victims of human trafficking in 266,157 suspicious activity reports. Based on guidelines of the Attorney Generals of the Netherlands, we first defined multiple early warning indicators that were used to index the police reports. Using concept lattices, we revealed numerous unknown human trafficking and loverboy suspects. In-depth investigation by the police resulted in a confirmation of their involvement in illegal activities resulting in actual arrestments been made. Our human-centred approach was embedded into operational policing practice and is now successfully used on a daily basis to cope with the vastly growing amount of unstructured information.