TSP203超前地质预报仪在隧道施工中的应用

大风垭口隧道地质及水文条件极其复杂,TSP203超前地质预报仪作为最先进的地质预报仪在大风垭口隧道施工中发挥了积极的作用。简单介绍TSP203超前地质预报仪的使用方法及其特点,根据TSP203预报结果与实际施工进行验证,体现其预报的精确性和长距离预报的优越性,建议今后类似工程中推广应用TSP203超前地质预报仪。     

Effect of specimen size and loading conditions on spalling of concrete

Different qualities of concrete have been fire tested using different geometries of the specimens as well as different load levels and load configurations. The main objective with the study was to examine a test methodology consisting of a full‐scale test and different small scale‐tests for determining the probability of spalling and the amount of spalling of fire exposed concrete structures. A reference specimen was defined as a one‐sided fire exposed slab with the dimensions 1800 × 1200 mm² giving an exposed area of 1500 × 1200 mm². A number of concrete qualities with different probabilities for spalling, were tested using the reference specimen. These tests showed that the reference specimens worked well giving the expected test results. Small specimens were manufactured in different shapes with the same concrete as the one used in the reference tests. These small specimens were tested either at the same time as the reference specimens in the large furnace or afterwards on a small‐scale furnace where the fire exposed surface was 450 × 360 mm². The test results clearly show the increased probability and the increased amount of spalling by using external compressive loading. The results also show that by using pre‐stress through bars or wires the load can be lost due to heating of the bars/wires which results in a decreased amount of spalling. The boundary of the specimen also affects the amount of spalling. The spalling around the edges was in all tests less than the spalling on the central parts of the exposed area. It could also be noted that the spalling did not pass completely through any of the specimens. The reason for this is probably that the water/vapour could migrate out from the unexposed surface of the specimen. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

自主创新导向下的TD-SCDMA与NGBWM务实发展战略思考

以TD—SCDMA既有进展及面临的挑战与NGBWM的发展走向为基础，重点论述自主创新导向下的TD—SCDMA与NGBWM务实发展战略思考。     

EILog-05成套测井装备在长庆油田的应用

EILog-05成套测井装备是中国石油集团测井有限公司研发的具有完全自主知识产权的集成测井系统。集成化设计提高了测井仪器性能,综合化设计实现了地面系统网络化,成像测井仪器的配接成功丰富了测井项目,配套使用的一体化LEAD处理解释软件能更好地实现测井资料的现场综合解释。20井次现场试验、与ECLIPS-5700测井系统5口井的对比试验以及累计300多井次的现场应用表明,EILog-05成套测井装备的可靠性、稳定性、重复性以及与国外同类仪器测井结果的一致性均满足油田生产需要,能很好地判断长庆油田的“三低一高”复杂地层,对认识岩石三性关系和评价油气显示具有重要的作用。     

Breakdown behavior of GaAs/AlGaAs HBTs

Avalanche breakdown behavior at the collector junction of the GaAs/AlGaAs HBT (heterojunction bipolar transistor) has been studied. Junction breakdown characteristics displaying hard breakdown, soft breakdown, and negative resistance breakdown behavior were observed and are interpreted by analysis of localized microplasma effects, uniform microplasma-free behavior, and associated current gain measurements. Light emission from the collector-base junction of the GaAs/AlGaAs HBT was observed and used to investigate breakdown uniformity. Using a simple punchthrough breakdown model, the theoretical breakdown curves at different collector doping concentrations and thicknesses were computed and found to be in agreement with maximum breakdown voltages measured from devices displaying the most uniform junction breakdown. The serious current gain degradation of GaAs/AlGaAs HBTs at low current densities was analyzed in connection with the measurement of a large collector-emitter breakdown voltage. The unexpected functional relationship between the collector-emitter breakdown voltage and collector-base breakdown voltage is explained by the absence of a hole-feedback effect for devices not exhibiting transistor action     

The uniformly valid asymptotic solutions of transient cone segments in pressure vessels

In this paper, according to the theory of thin shells, a basic equation in complex form is derived for conical thin shells with linearly varying wall thickness under symmetric loads, and the uniformly valid asymptotic solutions are given.     

强化措施抓好落实全面推进农村饮水安全工作

民以食为天，食以水为先。获得安全饮用水是人类生存的基本需求。 党中央、国务院领导高度重视饮水安全工作，要求把“切实保护好饮用水源，让群众喝上放心水”作为首要任务，把“让人民群众喝上干净的水、呼吸清新的空气，有更好的工作和生活环境”作为政府工作的目标。     

Robustness analysis of responses of vibration control structures with uncertain parameters using interval algorithm

Variations in system parameters due to uncertainties may result in system performance deterioration. Uncertainties in modeling of structures are often considered to ensure that control system is robust with respect to response errors. Hence, the uncertain concept plays an important role in vibration control of the engineering structures. The paper discusses the robustness of responses of vibration control systems with the uncertain parameters. The vibration control problem of an uncertain system is approximated by a deterministic one. The uncertain parameters are described by interval variables. The uncertain state matrix is constructed directly using system physical parameters and avoided to use bounds in Euclidean norm. The feedback gain matrix is determined based on the deterministic systems, and then it is applied to the actual uncertain systems. A method to calculate the upper and lower bounds of responses of the closed-loop system with uncertain parameters is presented. The upper bounds of responses can be used to estimate the robustness of responses of the controlled system with uncertain parameters. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the applications of the present approach.     

Surveying instructor and learner attitudes toward e-learning

The trend of using e-learning as a learning and/or teaching tool is now rapidly expanding into education. Although e-learning environments are popular, there is minimal research on instructors’ and learners’ attitudes toward these kinds of learning environments. The purpose of this study is to explore instructors’ and learners’ attitudes toward e-learning usage. Accordingly, 30 instructors and 168 college students are asked to answer two different questionnaires for investigating their perceptions. After statistical analysis, the results demonstrate that instructors have very positive perceptions toward using e-learning as a teaching assisted tool. Furthermore, behavioral intention to use e-learning is influenced by perceived usefulness and self-efficacy. Regarding to learners’ attitudes, self-paced, teacher-led, and multimedia instruction are major factors to affect learners’ attitudes toward e-learning as an effective learning tool. Based on the findings, this research proposes guidelines for developing e-learning environments.     

沉积物源的综合识别与岩性圈闭的确定——以柴达木盆地七个泉地区为例

 柴达木盆地西部南区的阿尔金山前带是寻找岩性地层油气藏的有利地区。但该区沉积物源多、砂层薄，仅用常规的、单一的方法难以取得岩性地层油气藏勘探的效果。本文通过建立层序地层格架确定寻找岩性油气藏的主要目的层段，应用重矿物组分、测井响应、波阻抗反演等多种方法进行沉积物源和岩性圈闭的综合识别，在柴达木盆地西部南区七个泉构造斜坡带上确定一个地层岩性圈闭，已获得钻探的证实。