声波最小二乘偏移不同精确伴随算子对的定量关系分析

最小二乘偏移（Least Squares Migration,LSM）是一种备受关注的高分辨率成像方法,它的成功应用取决于正演—偏移算子对的伴随特性。通常,正演—偏移算子对可以根据Born近似理论或逆时偏移（Reverse Time Migration,RTM）过程构建,也可以基于两者同时构建。波动方程离散化和数值实现方法会影响其伴随特性,通过点积测试可以对伴随特性进行数值检验。然而,不同伴随算子之间的关系和成像结果差异目前尚不清楚。为此,从二阶声波方程的矩阵表达式入手,推导出了三组精确伴随算子对。其中两组分别基于Born近似理论和RTM过程构建,第三组是利用声波方程的自伴随离散化形式构建,分别将它们命名为Born-AdjBorn、DeRTM-RTM和自伴随Born-RTM算子对。对应的LSM过程分别称为LSBM、LSRTM和自伴随LSBRTM。通过数学推导和矩阵分析,得出了基于三组伴随算子对的成像结果之间的一系列定量关系,并应用数值算例进行了验证。     

混凝土预冷效果的研究

预冷混凝土是一个十分有效的温控方法，特别是对于碾压混凝土更为重要。由于外界气温高于预冷混凝土的温度，所以预冷后的混凝土在运输，浇筑和层间间歇期内，其温度均会有所升高，形成温度例灌，造成预冷效果降低。本文研究了混凝土浇筑后的间歇期间内的预冷损失问题，综合考虑了混凝土层厚，间歇期和混凝土表面放热系数的影响，进行了多种方案的计算分析，在此基础上提出了预冷效果的概念，并整理出一套预冷效果估算方法，本方法既     

镜质体反射率作为成熟度指标的探讨

本通过对源岩样品镜质体反射率的测定分析表明，未抽提源岩的Ｒ０值与已抽提源岩的Ｒ０值存在差异，并随成熟度增加这种差异逐渐增大；不同类型但经历了相同的演化程度之后的源岩Ｒ０值不同；相同样品不同气体反应压力下，其Ｒ０值不同。     

用电荷密度法计算静电场的程序和误差分析

正 电荷密度法是一种数值求解积分方程的方法,用于设计静电透镜系统有很多优点。它避开了真空边界的赋值问题,从而有可能用较少内存、较短机时达到较高精度。如图1所示,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ分别表示三个旋转对称的电极,阴影区表示待求场区。有限差分法要求事先给出虚线所示真空边界点的电位,作为重复迭代的不变出发值,这是误差的一个重要来源。为了减少这种误差,可把虚线边界扩大到足够远,从而按电位为零处理,但网格点数大大增加,往往达到不能接受的程度。电荷密度法则不需要处理真空边界,也不需要划分     

太赫兹雷达的人体微多普勒特征

太赫兹雷达观测的行人微多普勒特征可用于行人检测和识别,在无人车和智能驾驶领域有广泛的应用前景。通过搭建292 GHz太赫兹信号发射和接收环境,利用292 GHz太赫兹雷达观测行人的四肢和躯干摆动引起的微多普勒。本文实验中,首先利用矢量信号发生器生成基带信号,然后采用上变频器将基带信号上变频至292 GHz,不同部位的回波信号通过下变频器下变频至基带信号。对回波信号采用短时傅里叶变换处理,提取微多普勒频谱。实验中292 GHz提取的人体微多普勒特征实测结果与仿真结果一致。同时,实验还对比了292 GHz和24 GHz雷达的微多普勒结果。     

Chiral metal-organic frameworks with tunable catalytic selectivity in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation reactions

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have achieved great success in the field of heterogeneous catalysis,however,ifs still challenging to design MOF catalysts with enhanced selectivity.Here,we demonstrated a combination strategy of metal design and ligand design on the enantioselectivity—that is the enantioselectivities of chiral MOF(CMOF)catalysts could be significantly enhanced by the rational choice of metal ions with higher electronegativities and introducing sterically demanding groups into the ligands.Four isostructural Ca-,Sr-and Zn-based CMOFs were prepared from enantiopure phosphono-carboxylate ligands of 1,V-biphenol that are functionalized with 2,4,6-trimethyl-and 2,4,6-trifluoro-phenyl groups at the Supposition.The uniformly distributed metal phosphonates along the channels could act as Lewis acids and catalyze the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of heteroaromatic imines(benzoxazines and quinolines).Particularly,the Ca-based MOF 1 with 2,4,6-trimethyl groups at the substituents exhibited enhanced catalytic performance,affording the highest enantioselectivity(up to 97%).It is also the first report of the heterogeneous catalyst with chiral non-noble metal phosphonate active sites for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation reactions with Hantzsch ester as the hydrogen source.The catalyst design strategy demonstrated here is expected to develop new types of chiral materials for asymmetric catalysis and other chiral applications.     

Corrosion protection of NiNb metallic glass coatings for 316SS by magnetron sputtering

Metallic glasses (MGs) appear as promising anti-corrosion coating materials due to their microstructural and physicochemical advantages,Herein,we proposed magnetron sputtered NiNb thin film MG coatings(MGCs) with different structures and compositions for corrosion protection of 316 stainless steel in an aggressive saline environment.The properties of monolayered Ni50Nb50 and Ni60Nb40,as well as the mul-tilayered Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 (at.％) MGCs,were characterized in terms of morphology and microstructural properties,as well as the anticorrosion behavior.All the NiNb MGCs presented compact structure and the monolayered coatings exhibited preferable adhesion properties in comparison with the multilayered coating.The electrochemical tests and XPS results imply that the monolayered Ni50Nb50 MGC with high Nb content resisted corrosion mainly due to the formation of stable passive film that contained abun-dant Nb2O5 species,whereas the Ni60Nb40 MGC with high Ni content showed week corrosion protection performance during long-term service due to the dissolution of Ni cations and the devastation of the coating structure.Though with bit worse adhesion and more vulnerable Ni60Nb40 layers,the multilay-ered Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGC possessed comparable corrosion resistance with the monolayered Ni50Nb50 MG coating,which remained stable even after 32 days of exposure.Such performance should be ascribed to the combined eff ;ect of the repassivation property for the sub-layers,the hindrance of propagation paths of micro-defects,and the obstruction of corrosive species by interfaces in the multilayered coating.     

Synthesis of nano-MoS<Subscript>2</Subscript>/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> composite and its catalytic degradation effect on methyl orange

A nano-MoS₂/TiO₂ composite was synthesized in H₂ atmosphere by calcining a MoS₃/TiO₂ precursor, which was obtained via a quick deposition of MoS₃ on anatase nano-TiO₂ under a strong acidic condition. The obtained nano-MoS₂/TiO₂ composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the composite had a high BET surface area because of its small size and irregularly layered structure. MoS₂ in the composite was composed of typical layered structures with thicknesses of 2–8 nm and lengths of 10–40 nm. The composite contained a wide and intensive absorption at 400–700 nm, which is in the visible light region, and presented a positive catalytic effect on removing methyl orange from the aqueous solution. The catalytic activity of the composite was influenced by the initial concentration of methyl orange, the amount of the catalyst, the pH value, and the degradation temperature. In addition, the composite catalyst could be regenerated and repeatedly used via filtration three times. The deactivating catalyst could be reactivated after catalytic reaction by heating at 450 °C for 30 min in H₂.     

Si3N4/CrNx/Ag/NiCrNX/Si3N4复合涂层的光热性能

采用磁控溅射法在浮法玻璃上制备Si3N4/CrNx/Ag/NiCrNX/Si3N4复合涂层,并与浮法玻璃和传统Low-E玻璃进行对比研究了其光热性能。结果表明:随着Ag层厚度的增加,增加了红外线反射率,降低了可见光的透过率,具有良好的隔热性能;使用Si3N4作为内外保护层后,增加了复合涂层的硬度和附着力,而且不影响复合涂层的光谱特性。