Thermodynamic analysis of mass-transfer motive forces in the course of crystallization from solutions

On the basis of taking the volume, mass, momentum, and energy of the surface phase into account the structure of the motive forces of mass transfer to the phase interface (and from it into the carrier phase) in crystallization and solution is established. The correctness of the relations obtained is verified in two systems.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 260–266, February, 1982.     

Investigation of the operation of the reactor unit of a catalytic reforming plant

Conclusions To study the character of the conversion of individual groups of hydrocarbons during the catalytic reforming process, an experiment was carried out in a semiworks unit consisting of two reactors connected in series, with intermediate sampling over the length of the catalyst bed.It was shown that six-member naphthenic hydrocarbons are already almost practically converted in the first reactor, and five-member hydrocarbons, in the first two reactors, Paraffinic hydrocarbons are subject to dehydrocyclization in all three reactors. The highest yield of hydrocracking products is observed in the third reactor.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 5, pp. 5–9, May, 1972.     

Flow of two-phase mixtures in a rotary mixer

On the basis of a hydrodynamic model of a multivelocity continuum, the flow of miscible materials over the working surface of a multistage centrifugal (rotary) mixer is investigated, and the optimal dimensions of the working sections required to obtain a high-quality mixture are determined.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 226–233, February, 1977.     

Modeling and Optimization of Jet Milling

The energy efficiencies of the acceleration nozzles of ejector and pneumatic jet mills are compared. Mathematical models are proposed for the acceleration of a two-phase mixture in the nozzle and the jet, and a procedure is put forward for optimizing subsonic nozzles and open-loop jet mills. The gas-dynamic perfection of the nozzles of pneumatic jet mills is assessed, and the initial particle-size range where the mill efficiency is highest is determined.     

Structure and stability characteristics in porosity calculations for various reverse-osmosis membranes

A probabilistic method for evaluating the porosity of nanofiltration and reverse-osmosis membranes developed earlier was tested. A method for calculating the selective porosity of membranes with a rigid structure was proposed.     

A low-noise and low-area-consumption power management dedicated to CMOS pixel sensors for high energy physics experiments

The crosstalk between CMOS pixel sensors (CPS) degrades the performances of detector systems. Moreover, power distribution becomes a challenge in the future detectors for high energy physics experiments. In order to address these problems, a power management is proposed. Power supply voltages and reference voltages are internally generated in CPS. Two full on-chip linear regulators are proposed in this paper. Low area, low power consumption and low noise are achieved by a novel structure. The regulators have been designed and fabricated in a 0.35-μm commercial process. The measurement results are also presented.