A low-noise and low-area-consumption power management dedicated to CMOS pixel sensors for high energy physics experiments

The crosstalk between CMOS pixel sensors (CPS) degrades the performances of detector systems. Moreover, power distribution becomes a challenge in the future detectors for high energy physics experiments. In order to address these problems, a power management is proposed. Power supply voltages and reference voltages are internally generated in CPS. Two full on-chip linear regulators are proposed in this paper. Low area, low power consumption and low noise are achieved by a novel structure. The regulators have been designed and fabricated in a 0.35-μm commercial process. The measurement results are also presented.     

Control of milk acidity by photoluminescence

For a quality assessment of milk and dairy products, the optical methods are used. In this paper, the use possibility is investigated of the optical method of photoluminescence for the milk acidity value finding out. The spectral measurements were carried out on a diffraction spectrofluorimeter in the range of 200–500 nm. The milk acidity measurement accuracy was controlled by the titrimetric method. It is established that as far as milk sours, the excitation spectra in the range of 200–500 nm decrease; but there are qualitative changes in the range of 350–500 nm. With acidity growth, the photoluminescence flux decreases if it is excited by the radiation value λ_e = 262 nm, grows at λ_e = 385 nm and decreases at λ_e = 442 nm. It is advisable to control the milk acidity in terms of the photoluminescence fluxes ratio Φ₃₈₅/Φ₄₄₂. The linear approximation of the function Φ₃₈₅/Φ₄₄₂(K) is statistically reliable (the determination factor R² = 0.99).     

Modeling of mass-exchange processes taking into account fluctuations of the physicochemical parameters

The Kolomogorov-Fokker-Planck equation is used to describe the kinetics of mass exchange, taking into account fluctuations of the main physical and chemical parameters. In a particular case, we present a solution of the problem.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 274–280, August, 1982.     

Use of a centrifugal-bubbling absorber to withdraw caprolactam samples

Conclusions The use of a centrifugal-bubbling absorber in the stage of sampling caprolactam discharges for analysis makes it possible to sharply reduce the time for sampling, and to increase the reliability of the information obtained because of more efficient dissolution of the caprolactam in the twisted stream of liquid, and also thanks to realization of the absorption process in a single absorber.When CBA are used, automation of sampling for control of harmful discharges and regulation of technological process parameters is considerably simplified.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 38–39, January–February, 1989.     

Ozone monitoring in Salekhard and Tomsk,western Siberia

Atmospheric ozone plays an important role in understanding the processes occurring in the atmosphere and changes in the climate. This article relates to experimental results from balloon-borne research in the stratosphere for the study of chemical and dynamical processes influencing climate change and for validation of satellite observations. Total ozone observations in western Siberia were performed by the Brewer MKIV S/N 049 spectrophotometer in Tomsk and the SAOZ UV–Vis spectrometer in Salekhard. We also use 2Z-ECC ozonesondes for ozone profile observations in the winter/spring period at the Salekhard aerological station. During the winter/spring season of 2011, Arctic ozone in the 19–21 km altitude region was observed to be more than 70% less than typical values. In the winter/spring season of 2012, on the other hand, Arctic conditions were overall much warmer than in 2011, and no evidence of significant ozone loss was seen above the Asiatic regions of the Russian Federation. The aim of the article is to describe which and where these measurements were carried out and illustrate their performances by some examples of ozone data measured in western Siberia, Russia, such as that which occurred in the winter/spring season of 2011.     

Calculation of non-steady-state thermal conduction for low Fourier numbers (Fo<0.001)

Assuming that for small Fourier numbers heat transfer is determined by the specific heat of a heated layer of thickness , an equation is derived for the temperature field, whose solution is satisfied in finite quadratures and has a fairly simple form. The results of calculations made using the proposed dependence are compared with the accurate solutions obtained by A. V. Lykov. This suggests that acceptable calculation accuracy may be achieved for Fo<0.001 and Bi<20. In this case the values of the dimensionless temperature do not depend on the shape of the body, and the proposed dependence can be used for calculations of plates, cylinders, or spheres. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 22–25 (January 12, 1997)