Contraction stress build‐up of anisotropic conductive films (ACFs) for flip‐chip interconnection: Effect of thermal and mechanical properties of ACFs

The important mechanical mechanism for the electrical conduction of anisotropic conductive films (ACFs) is the joint clamping force after the curing and cooling processes of ACFs. In this study, the mechanism of shrinkage and contraction stress and the relationship between these mechanisms and the thermomechanical properties of ACFs were investigated in detail. Both thickness shrinkages and modulus changes of four kinds of ACFs with different thermomechanical properties were experimentally investigated with thermomechanical and dynamic mechanical analysis. Based on the incremental approach to linear elasticity, contraction stresses of ACFs developed along the thickness direction were estimated. Contraction stresses in ACFs were found to be significantly developed by the cooling process from the glass‐transition temperature to room temperature. Moreover, electrical characteristics of ACF contact during the cooling process indicate that the electrical conduction of ACF joint is robustly maintained by substantial contraction stress below T_g. The increasing rate of contraction stresses below T_g was strongly dependent on both thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) and elastic modulus (E) of ACFs. A linear relationship between the experimental increasing rate and E × CTE reveals that the build‐up behavior of contraction stress is closely correlated with the ACF material properties: thermal expansion coefficient, glassy modulus, and T_g. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2634–2641, 2004     

Surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization from Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles to prepare the well‐defined polymer‐Mg(OH)2 nanocomposites

Well‐defined polymer‐Mg(OH)₂ nanocomposites were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The ATRP initiators were covalently attached to the Mg(OH)₂ by esterification of 2‐chloropropionyl chloride with hydroxyl group. The amount of polymer grafted from Mg(OH)₂ can be controlled using a different catalyst system and adding a small amount of polar solvent. The well‐defined diblock copolymer, consisting of poly(styrene) (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized. The products were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The morphologies of PS/PMMA and PS/PMMA/Mg(OH)₂‐g‐PS‐b‐PMMA blends are compared by using a scanning electron microscope. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3680–3687, 2007     

基于视频数据和传递熵的鱼群信息传递网络构建

鱼群中的个体如何通过信息传递从而达到一致的群体运动状态,至今还没有刻画这一现象的统一数学模型.本文阐述了一种利用视频数据和传递熵构建鱼群中个体间信息传递网络的方法.首先用实验获取斑马鱼集群的视频数据,并采用计算机视觉跟踪的方法获取鱼群中每个个体的位置和运动速度,然后利用传递熵计算个体两两之间的信息传递关系,在此基础上构建了鱼群信息传递网络.通过网络分析,揭示了鱼群中个体间的信息交互个数与信息传播速度之间的关系,进一步发现了鱼群信息传递网络中的频繁子结构.本文提供了一种利用探测时间序列间因果关系建立鱼群信息传递网络的方法,为鱼群信息传递研究提供了一种新的思路.     

Effects of an organic phosphorus nucleating agent on crystallization behaviors and mechanical properties of poly(propylene)

The effects of an organic phosphorus nucleating agent on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of poly(propylene) were investigated. As the concentration of nucleating agent increased from 0 to 0.8%, the tensile and flexural strengths of the nucleated poly(propylene) resin increased by 15%, the flexural modulus increased by 35%, the crystallization peak temperature increased by 10°C, and the nucleation density (calculated with the nonlinear Voltrra integral equation) increased by 10⁶ times. Mechanical properties increased with nucleation density. Linear equations between the mechanical properties and the logarithmic nucleation density were revealed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 297–301, 2003     

Synthesis and characterization of new aromatic polyimides containing well‐defined conjugation units

A series of aromatic polyimides composed of well‐defined conjugation units were synthesized form 5,5′‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)‐2,2′‐bifuryl (PFDA) and 2,2′‐bis(furyl) benzidine (FurylBZ) with various dianhydrides. The synthesized polyimides emit blue to green light with a quantum yield of 7.3–14.9%, depending on the polymer backbone. In particular, PFDA‐based polymers exhibit extremely narrow photo‐luminescence. The structure, thermal stability, refractive index and dielectric properties of the polymer films were also determined.     

硫酸氢钠催化合成丁二酸二乙酯

在一水硫酸氢钠存在下 ,由乙醇和丁二酸合成了丁二酸二乙酯。当丁二酸、乙醇和硫酸氢钠的物质的量比为 1∶ 6∶ 0 .2 ,环己烷为溶剂 ,回流分水 5 0 m in,酯收率达 80 .5 %     

Synthesis and properties of fluorinated aromatic poly(amide imide)s based on 4,4′‐bis(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzophenone and various bis(trimellitimide)s

A CF₃‐containing diamine, 4,4′‐bis(4‐amino‐2‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzophenone ( 2 ), was synthesized from 4,4′‐dihydroxybenzophenone and 2‐chloro‐5‐nitrobenzotrifluoride. Imide‐containing diacids ( 3 and 5B_a – 5B_g ) were prepared by the condensation reaction of aromatic diamines and trimellitic anhydride. Then, two series of novel soluble aromatic poly(amide imide)s (PAIs; 6A_a – 6A_k and 6B_a – 6B_g ) were synthesized from a diamine ( 4A_a – 4A_k or 2 ) with the imide‐containing diacids ( 3 and 5B_a – 5B_g ) via direct polycondensation with triphenyl phosphate and pyridine. The aromatic PAIs had inherent viscosities of 0.74–1.76 dL/g. All of the synthesized polymers showed excellent solubility in amide‐type solvents, such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and afforded transparent and tough films by DMAc solvent casting. These polymer films had tensile strengths of 90–113 MPa, elongations at break of 8–15%, and initial moduli of 2.0–2.9 GPa. The glass‐transition temperatures of the aromatic PAIs were in the range 242–279°C. They had 10% weight losses at temperatures above 500°C and showed excellent thermal stabilities. The 6B series exhibited less coloring and showed lower yellowness index values than the corresponding 6A series. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:3641–3653, 2006     

双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂研究进展

较详细地介绍了双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂的机理、合成路线(初始法、半酯化法、酸酐法、后期法、封端法和水解法)及国内外双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂在气干性、低苯乙烯挥发、低收缩性与力学性能方面的研究进展,提出了今后的研究方向。     

多孔β-TCP陶瓷药物载体结构与性能的影响因素

本分析了影响多孔β-TCP陶瓷药物载体结构与性能的因素，确定了制备多孔β-TCP陶瓷药物载体的技术路线和工艺参数。