One-to-Many and Many-to-One Optical Chaos Communications Using Semiconductor Lasers

A theoretical construction of one-to-many (OTM) and many-to-one (MTO) chaos synchronization communications using semiconductor lasers is presented. One center laser provides strong injections (strong link) to other side lasers, and the side lasers also provide weak injections (weak link) to the center one. Simulation results show that the side lasers synchronize with the center laser through injection-locking. In addition, messages transmitted via the strong links or the weak links experience strong chaos pass filtering, enabling us to realize OTM and MTO communications.     

Preparation of CeO2-ZrO2 mixed oxide with high surface area and high thermal stability

Ceria-zirconia solid particles have been recognized as a key material of the automotive exhaust catalysts since they can release and uptake oxygen owing to the rapid reversible oxidation states of cerium between Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺. Several methods have recently been described to prepare the CeO₂-ZrO₂ solid particles used in the catalysts. In this paper, a new coprecipitation method is used to prepare the CeO₂-ZrO₂ solid particles. The Ce-Zr alcogel is dried and calcined in flowing N₂ not in flowing air under atmospheric pressure. The results show that the ceria-zirconia sample calcined at 650 °C has high surface area over 90 m²g⁻¹, which drops to 40 m²g⁻¹ following treatment at 900°C.     

Optimal transfer trees and distinguishing trees for testing observable nondeterministic finite-state machines

The fault-state detection approach for blackbox testing consists of two phases. The first is to bring the system under test (SUT) from its initial state to a targeted state t and the second is to check various specified properties of the SUT at t. This paper investigates the first phase for testing systems specified as observable nondeterministic finite-state machines with probabilistic and weighted transitions. This phase involves two steps. The first step transfers the SUT to some state t' and the second step identifies whether t' is indeed the targeted state t or not. State transfer is achieved by moving the SUT along one of the paths of a transfer tree (TT) and state identification is realized by using diagnosis trees (DT). A theoretical foundation for the existence and characterization of TT and DT with minimum weighted height or minimum average weight is presented. Algorithms for their computation are proposed.     

A distributed adverse drug reaction detection system using intelligent agents with a fuzzy recognition‐primed decision model

Discovering unknown adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in postmarketing surveillance as early as possible is highly desirable. Nevertheless, current postmarketing surveillance methods largely rely on spontaneous reports that suffer from serious underreporting, latency, and inconsistent reporting. Thus these methods are not ideal for rapidly identifying rare ADRs. The multiagent systems paradigm is an emerging and effective approach to tackling distributed problems, especially when data sources and knowledge are geographically located in different places and coordination and collaboration are necessary for decision making. In this article, we propose an active, multiagent framework for early detection of ADRs by utilizing electronic patient data distributed across many different sources and locations. In this framework, intelligent agents assist a team of experts based on the well‐known human decision‐making model called Recognition‐Primed Decision (RPD). We generalize the RPD model to a fuzzy RPD model and utilize fuzzy logic technology to not only represent, interpret, and compute imprecise and subjective cues that are commonly encountered in the ADR problem but also to retrieve prior experiences by evaluating the extent of matching between the current situation and a past experience. We describe our preliminary multiagent system design and illustrate its potential benefits for assisting expert teams in early detection of previously unknown ADRs. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 22: 827–845, 2007.     

Schwingfestigkeit von Schraube‐Mutter‐Verbindungen

High cycle fatigue of bolted connections Extensive tests regarding the influences on the fatigue of bolt‐nut‐connections of preloading with torsion, of preloading with yielding, of loading with superimposed bending and of the tested lot are processed. These influences are not yet known according to VDI 2230. New testing devices were designed for these tests, which allow a far less expensive operation and may easily be used for bolts of diameters up to M100 and testing frequencies up to 1000 Hz. The validity of fatigue resistance according to VDI 2230 is specified with respect to the test results. The determined influence of the tested lots is unexpectedly high. The manufacturing process of bolts should be improved to minimize this influence.     

Domain-Driven, Actionable Knowledge Discovery

Data mining increasingly faces complex challenges in the real-life world of business problems and needs. The gap between business expectations and R&D results in this area involves key aspects of the field, such as methodologies, targeted problems, pattern interestingness, and infrastructure support. Both researchers and practitioners are realizing the importance of domain knowledge to close this gap and develop actionable knowledge for real user needs.     

含V、N无缝钢管表面外折缺陷产生原因的分析

通过对鞍钢生产的部分批号V、N微合金强化无缝钢管及生产该钢管的原料连铸坯和连轧管坯的表面缺陷进行研究，分析了含V、N钢管表面外折缺陷的成因，提出了改善钢管表面质量的方法。采用改进后工艺生产的无缝管，其表面外折废品量大幅度降低。     

Oxygen absorption kinetics in YBa2Cu3Ox

The oxygen absorption process in highly aligned YBa₂Cu₃O_x samples in air and in pure oxygen was studied at several constant temperatures. The process can be expressed in two steps, a chemical reaction controlled step and a diffusion controlled step. The kinetic equations are as follows respectively:

(1 − a_t) ln(1 − a_t) + a_t = k_Dt

The activation energy was calculated using an Arrhenius equation. The technical conditions of heat treatment for oxygen absorption of highly aligned YBa₂Cu₃O_x crystals are discussed.