Direkte und indirekte Randelementmethoden zur Bestimmung der Lage des Schubmittelpunktes beliebig geformter Stabquerschnitte

Zusammenfassung Die Koordinaten des Schubmittelpunktes eines beliebig berandeten Stabquerschnittes werden in dieser Arbeit aus der Torsionsverw?lbung des Querschnittes berechnet. Zur Bestimmung der Querschnittsverw?lbung wird die Randelementmethode (Boundary-Element-Method) herangezogen. Dabei entstehen durch verschiedene Vorgehensweisen mehrere Fredholmsche Integralgleichungen erster und zweiter Art, von denen jedoch nur bestimmte zur L?sung des genannten Problems geeignet sind. Einige direkte und indirekte Integralgleichungen werden hier für beliebig berandete Stabquerschnitte bezüglich ihrer Einsetzbarkeit untersucht und miteinander verglichen. Es zeigt sich dabei, da? auch eine Integralgleichung erster Art problemlos eingesetzt werden kann. Die Randelemente werden bei der numerischen L?sung der Integralgleichungen durch Polynome dritten Grades und die unbekannten Funktionen durch Polynome zweiten Grades approximiert, um eine glatte Berandung und stetigen Funktionenverlauf zu sichern.—Die Methode ist auf dünnwandige, dickwandige, offene und auf geschlossene Profile anwendbar. Numerische Ergebnisse für verschiedene Querschnittsformen aus den DIN-Normen zeigen die Effektivit?t sowohl der direkten als auch der indirekten Methode.     

The occurrence of multiple solutions for the TSD-Euler equation

Summary In a recent paper the TSD-Euler equation for transonic flow has been derived. This equation is similar in some respects to the TSD equation but has both entropy and vorticity terms retained. In this paper the existence of multiple solutions for the TSD-Euler equation is examined and it is found that such solutions exist for a small range of Mach numbers and airfoil thickness. It is found also that the addition of a vorticity flux on the airfoil surface can enhance the appearance of multiple solutions.With 4 Figures     

Guaranteed inclusions for the complex generalized eigenproblem

A method is described which produces guaranteed bounds for a solution of the generalized complex eigenproblem. The method extends a similar approach for general systems of nonlinear equations to the special case of complex pencils, where under weaker assumptions stronger assertions can be proved.     

Solar duct for lighting and ventilation Santa Amalia building Barcelona -Spain

The Santa Amalia building in Barcelona is a block of six flats incorporating a duct by which ligth is sent to the kitchens - previously without natural ligthing- and also allows natural ventilation. Moreover, the passive solar gains obtained from the extensive glazed surfaces and the conservation of internal heat gains, along with a high degree of isulation, give energy saving of 68% for heating.     

Reactive energy measurement using frequency controlled analog-to-pulse-rate converter

Contents This paper analyzes a problem of phase shifting and deseribes a novel method for electronic reactive energy measurement. The proposed measurement structure, composed of an integrator as a phase shifting circuit and a frequency controlled analog-to-pulse-rate converter, provides for the measurement completely in accordance with IEC definition of reactive energy, which is performed with simple but high performance metering device.

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Die Blindverbrauchsmessung anhand eines netzsynchronisierten Analog-Frequenz-Wandlers

Übersicht In diesem Artikel wird das Problem der Phasenverschiebung analysiert und eine neue Meßmethode für elektronische Blindverbrauschsmessung aufgezeigt. Die vorgeschlagene Strucktur, bestehend aus einem Integrator als Phasenschieber und netzkontrolliertem Analog-Frequenz-Wandler, ermöglicht die Verwirklichung eines einfachen aber präzisen Elektrizitätszählers zur Messung der Blindenergie, dessen Arbeitsprinzip mit den IEC Empfehlungen vollkommen übereinstimmt.

     

Twisted axially loaded rod with shear and compressibility

Summary Stability of a twisted and axially compressed elastic rod is analysed using the Euler method of adjacent equilibrium configuration. The constitutive equations of the rod are assumed in the form that takes into account both shear of the cross-sections and compressibility of the rod axis. It is shown that bifurcation points of the non-linear system of equations describing equilibrium are determined from the linearized system of equations. The influence of shear and compressibility on the critical values of twisting couple and compressive force is obtained. Moreover, the bifurcation pattern is examined by using the Liapunov-Schmidt method.     

On simulation methods for solving the Boltamann equation

We will give an overview of the problem and then show how to modify an already present algorithm, so that it is also useful from a practical point of view. Further we will show that this algorithm is suitable for parallel computing and prove by means of an example that it can compete with the Bird algorithm, which is almost always applied by engineers but has only a heuristic base.     

Relation between hardness and compressive strength of polymer concrete

Experimental studies were made of the influence of mixing and casting techniques and of curing time upon the compressive strength and hardness of methyl methacrylate based polymer concrete. The Rockwell K and F scales were found to be suitable for the hardness determinations. Over a wide range of hardness and strength values, the average compressive strength (f_c) varied linearly with the average hardness (R_K) according to the relation f_c (psi) = 560 R_K - 12000, irrespective of casting and curing variables. The weaker materials exhibited greater variations in hardness. Hardness testing is found to provide a meaningful and convenient method for evaluating the quality of polymer concrete.     

INTEGER analysis of two-dimensional polygonal objects

A consistent modelling scheme for digital images is presented, with the grey-level raster image as input and the list-oriented polygonal image as output. The output information consists of two parts: The metric of the polygonal object, represented by coordinates of marked positions, and the global topology, which takes the form of a two-dimensional topologic order. The central problem, which has to be solved, is to select a digital polygon, approximating a digital arc such that the essential feature of the arc is represented at a predefined precision level. The proposed algorithm uses simple incremental calculations of INTEGER quantities to solve the problem.