An inventory analysis of rural pollution loads in China.

Rural pollution has attracted increasing attention over the past decade for its important consequences on surface and groundwater quality. This is particularly so in China due to the wide and effective control of industrial and municipal wastewater discharges over the past decade. Based on the discussion of rural activities in China, this paper develops a new method of inventory analysis through the definition of elementary unit (EU). This inventory analysis approach is then applied to estimate the total rural pollution loads of COD, TN and TP, as well as their spatial distributions in China. Further analysis is also conducted to investigate the correlations between rural pollution loads and agricultural production outputs, as well as population. It is found that China's agriculture is developing largely at the cost of environment quality, and a high population, as well as the increasing demand for agricultural products, is one of the dominant driving forces. The constructed EKC, which describes the relationship between rural pollution loads and agricultural income, also reveals that current agricultural development in China is mostly far from de-locked from the environmental problem.     

氨氮与亚硝酸盐比对推流式ANAMMOX反应器影响研究

进水基质中NH3-N与NO2--N比例是影响推流式ANAMMOX反应器性能的重要参数。该比例与NH3-N、NO2--N、TN的去除率以及NH3-N与NO2--N的反应比例等参数呈良好的相关性。在同一进水TN负荷条件下,存在一个最佳的进水比例,使TN去除率达到最大。NH3-N和NO2--N的反应比例随着进水基质比例的变化而变化。在反应器中发生的ANAMMOX反应可能有多种含氮的产物形式(不仅是N2一种)。进水基质比例的变化可能会导致ANAMMOX反应复杂化,多种反应途径同时并存。     

An Integrated Modelling Approach for Flood Simulation in the Urbanized Qinhuai River Basin,China

Water Resources Management - The accurate simulation and prediction of flood response in urbanized basins remains a great challenge due to the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in land surface...     

工程量法在水利水电工程施工索赔案中的探索与实践

阐述工程量法的原理,定义了工程量法中的索赔工程量概念,论述其在索赔案中的运用原则和方法,并以某工程索赔案为例,详细说明工程量法在分析、计算索赔费用上的运用步骤。图2幅。     

引洮安定灌区水价预测及建议

定西市安定区位于甘肃省中部,是一个以雨养农业为主的干旱半干旱地区,水利灌溉基础设施薄弱,农业节水技术落后,人均可利用水资源量为80 m3,是全省的1/16,全国的1/30,水资源短缺和干旱少雨是制约全区经济社会发展和粮食安全的瓶颈。     

低强度超声提高污泥活性的运行条件优化

为优化超声处理提高污泥活性的运行条件,考察了超声波的频率、强度、作用时间和污泥浓度等因素的影响.结果表明,采用35 kHz和61 kHz两种低频率超声波先后对污泥进行强化处理时,在总处理时间一致的条件下,超声波的顺序和时间分配对污泥活性的提高程度及活性的延续时间无显著差别;采用固定频率的超声波处理时,提高超声波的功率和延长超声作用时间都可以显著提高污泥活性;在功率和作用时间恒定的条件下,增大MLSS对单位质量污泥活性的提高程度影响较小,因此,对污泥先进行浓缩再超声处理可大大提高超声效率.     

景洪水电站压力钢管综述

压力钢管对水电站的安全运行起重要作用,压力钢管的设计、制造及安装均应本着安全运行第一的原则来进行.按成熟的结构、成熟的技术、规范的工艺、可靠的检测来总体考虑,避免为懈决工程技术问题而引进不确定的技术,产生新的技术问题.通过归纳总结景洪水电站压力钢管设计、制造及安装中的技术问题及不同见解,认为压力钢管总体质量满足规范要求,可确保安全运行.     

抗洪抢险措施及效果

结合“９８”抗洪抢险实例，对多种险情作了具体分析，通过汛后调查，对抗洪抢险消险措施和效果进行了总结，为今后进一步做好防洪消险工作提供了经验。