新唐人街——波士顿的中国城公园

波士顿中国城公园位于中国城旧城门外,作为美国有史以来最大的公共设施项目—波士顿大隧道(TheBigDig)工程的一部分,设计师探索用当代设计语言,表达新"中国"的含义、讲述华人移民的故事,在继承唐人街内在精神的同时,创造一个富有中国和亚洲个性的新唐人街形象,同时不失当代特色的公园,使新公园成为波士顿的一处新景观。     

黑木耳酪氨酸酶的分离纯化与酶学性质研究

本文分离纯化了黑木耳酪氨酸酶,并对酶学性质进行了研究。采用经硫酸铵分级沉淀、Sephadex G-100和DEAE-Sepharose-FF柱层析对粗酶液进行分离纯化,得到电泳纯的黑木耳酪氨酸酶,比活力提高了21.43倍,酶活回收率为27.41%。该酶的酶学性质研究表明:蛋白亚基分子量为12.62ku;最适pH7.0,在中性和碱性条件下稳定;最适温度为40℃,50℃以下温度条件较为稳定;以酪氨酸为底物,米氏常数K m为5.88mmol/L,V max为64.10μmol/min。实验结果表明黑木耳酪氨酸酶具有其它酪氨酸酶相似的酶学特性。      

日本雪印乳业集团食品安全事件及企业社会责任体系重构的追踪研究

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一种基于社交网络社区的组推荐框架

面向用户群组的推荐主要面临如何有意义地对群组进行定义并识别,以及向群组内用户进行有效推荐两大问题。该文针对已有研究在用户群组定义解释性不强等存在的问题,提出一种基于社交网络社区的组推荐框架。该框架利用社交网络结构信息发现重叠网络社区结构作为用户群组,具有较强的可解释性,并根据用户与群组间的隶属度制定了考虑用户对群组贡献与用户从群组获利的4种聚合与分配策略,以完成组推荐任务。通过在公开数据集上与已有方法的对比实验,验证了该框架在组推荐方面的有效性和准确性。     

丁香和青花椒精油在酱卤鸭肉保鲜中的应用

以酱卤鸭肉为研究对象,将丁香精油和青花椒油应用于热封包装的酱卤鸭肉保鲜,研究酱卤鸭肉在4℃冷藏过程中的感官品质、理化品质和微生物品质的变化。结果表明:采用丁香精油(0.05 g/kg)和青花椒油(0.1 g/kg)对酱卤鸭肉进行二次拌料,在不影响产品风味和质地的情况下,与空白组相比,在贮藏过程中,添加组的挥发性盐基氮(TVBN值)明显低于空白组,前期的2~6 d,添加组对脂肪氧化有一定的抑制效果,酱卤鸭肉保质期由10 d延长至12 d。丁香精油与青花椒油对酱卤鸭肉的保鲜具有抗氧化和抑菌作用。      

浓缩型和粉末型大豆磷脂对速冻水饺品质的影响

研究浓缩型和粉末型两类大豆磷脂对速冻水饺品质的影响。通过对速冻水饺的冻裂率、煮后破肚率、质构及感官评分进行综合评定,发现分别加入0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%和1.0%的浓缩大豆磷脂或粉末大豆磷脂均能降低速冻水饺的冻裂率和煮后破肚率,提高速冻水饺的感官评分,增强速冻生饺皮的硬度、弹性、内聚性和咀嚼性等质构指标。尤其添加量为0.4%时,效果最明显,浓缩型和粉末型大豆磷脂均能使速冻水饺的冻裂率降低14%;破肚率分别降低14%和12%;速冻水饺的感官评分分别提高80.5%和73.2%;速冻生饺皮的硬度分别提高79.1%和0.1%;弹性分别增强64.9%和62.3%;内聚性增加37.9%和3.98%;咀嚼性分别提高72.1%和10.9%,且添加0.4%浓缩大豆磷脂对速冻水饺质量提高更大,得到的速冻水饺的质量更好。      

不同涂膜剂对雷州黑鸭蛋保鲜效果的研究

为研究不同涂膜保鲜剂对雷州黑鸭蛋保鲜效果的影响,采用壳聚糖、白芨为主要原料的中药、壳聚糖和中药复合液及植物油(花生油)四种不同的涂膜剂,对鸭蛋进行涂膜处理。在27℃,湿度65%下贮藏50 d,测定分析评价鸭蛋鲜度的各项指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,复合组与植物油组延缓散黄30 d,显著降低失重率(p<0.01),且植物油组失重率最小(1.61%±0.73%);贮藏30 d,复合组与植物油组可以显著延缓蛋白高度降低(p<0.05);贮藏20 d,植物油组显著延缓了哈氏单位的下降(p<0.05);贮藏30 d,复合组、植物油组抑菌效果极显著高于对照组(p<0.01);整个贮藏期间复合组蛋清p H变化较为平缓。综合各项指标,植物油组保鲜效果最优,其为筛选最适合鸭蛋保鲜涂膜剂提供依据。      

Circ_0011129 Encapsulated by the Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Stem Cells Ameliorate Skin Photoaging

Photoaging is not only the main cause of skin aging caused by exogenous factors, it is also related to a variety of skin diseases and even malignant tumors. Excessive and repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation, especially UVA induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammation, and collagen and elastin degeneration, ultimately leads to skin photoaging, manifested by skin redness, coarse wrinkles, and pigmentation even skin cancer. There has been a large demand of effective prevention and medications but approaches in the current management of photoaging are very limited. In the previous study, we found that a non-coding circular RNA circ_0011129 acts as a miR-6732-5p adsorption sponge to inhibit the reduction of type I collagen and the denaturation and accumulation of elastin in UVA-induced HDF cells photoaging model. However, in vivo instability and efficient delivery to the target cell of circRNA is a major challenge for its clinical application. Therefore, improving its stability and delivery efficiency are desired. In this study, we proposed a strategy of delivering circ_0011129 with small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) to intervene in the photoaging process. The results showed that sEVs from hADSCs in 3D bioreactor culture (3D-sEVs) can prevent photoaging. Consequently, by overexpressing circ_0011129 in hADSCs, we successfully loaded it into 3D-sEVs (3D-circ-sEVs) and its protective effect was better. Our studies provide a novel approach to preventing skin photoaging, which has important clinical significance and application value for the development of non-coding RNA drugs to treat skin photoaging. We first screened out hADSCs-derived sEVs with excellent anti-oxidant effects. We then compared the sEVs collected from traditional 2D culture with 3D bioreactor culture. By miRNA-seq and GEO data analysis, we found that miRNAs in 3D-sEVs were enriched in cell activities related to apoptosis, cellular senescence, and inflammation. Subsequently, we prepared circ_0011129-loaded 3D-sEVs (3D-circ-sEVs) by overexpressing it in hADSCs for the treatment of photoaging in vitro. We proved that 3D-circ-sEVs can interfere with the process of cell photoaging and protect cells from UVA radiation damage, as well as in a H2O2-induced oxidative stress model.     

Breast Cancer Vaccine Containing a Novel Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist and an Aluminum Adjuvant Exerts Antitumor Effects

Mucin 1 (MUC1) has received increasing attention due to its high expression in breast cancer, in which MUC1 acts as a cancer antigen. Our group has been committed to the development of small-molecule TLR7 (Toll-like receptor 7) agonists, which have been widely investigated in the field of tumor immunotherapy. In the present study, we constructed a novel tumor vaccine (SZU251 + MUC1 + Al) containing MUC1 and two types of adjuvants: a TLR7 agonist (SZU251) and an aluminum adjuvant (Al). Immunostimulatory responses were first verified in vitro, where the vaccine promoted the release of cytokines and the expression of costimulatory molecules in mouse BMDCs (bone marrow dendritic cells) and spleen lymphocytes. Then, we demonstrated that SZU251 + MUC1 + Al was effective and safe against a tumor expressing the MUC1 antigen in both prophylactic and therapeutic schedules in vivo. The immune responses in vivo were attributed to the increase in specific humoral and cellular immunity, including antibody titers, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and activated CD8⁺ T cells. Therefore, our vaccine candidate may have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer patients.     

Conjugates of Methylene Blue with Cycloalkaneindoles as New Multifunctional Agents for Potential Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disease

The development of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) would provide effective therapy of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) with complex and nonclear pathogenesis. A promising method to create such potential drugs is combining neuroactive pharmacophoric groups acting on different biotargets involved in the pathogenesis of ND. We developed a synthetic algorithm for the conjugation of indole derivatives and methylene blue (MB), which are pharmacophoric ligands that act on the key stages of pathogenesis. We synthesized hybrid structures and performed a comprehensive screening for a specific set of biotargets participating in the pathogenesis of ND (i.e., cholinesterases, NMDA receptor, mitochondria, and microtubules assembly). The results of the screening study enabled us to find two lead compounds (4h and 4i) which effectively inhibited cholinesterases and bound to the AChE PAS, possessed antioxidant activity, and stimulated the assembly of microtubules. One of them (4i) exhibited activity as a ligand for the ifenprodil-specific site of the NMDA receptor. In addition, this lead compound was able to bypass the inhibition of complex I and prevent calcium-induced mitochondrial depolarization, suggesting a neuroprotective property that was confirmed using a cellular calcium overload model of neurodegeneration. Thus, these new MB-cycloalkaneindole conjugates constitute a promising class of compounds for the development of multitarget neuroprotective drugs which simultaneously act on several targets, thereby providing cognitive stimulating, neuroprotective, and disease-modifying effects.